Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwachidule malingaliro omwe wolembayo adalemba mu lipotilo "".
Zoyipa zazikulu ndi zovuta zapaintaneti yamakono:
- Kuchulukirachulukira kwa netiweki ndi zomwe zabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza, popanda njira yodalirika yofufuzira magwero oyamba.
- Kubalalika ndi kusagwirizana kwa zomwe zilipo kumatanthauza kuti n'zosatheka kupanga chisankho chokwanira ndi mutu ndipo, makamaka, ndi mlingo wa kusanthula.
- Kutengera mtundu wa zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pa osindikiza (nthawi zambiri mwachisawawa, kutsata zawo, nthawi zambiri zamalonda, zolinga).
- Kugwirizana kofooka pakati pa zotsatira zakusaka ndi ontology (mapangidwe a zokonda) za wogwiritsa ntchito.
- Kupezeka kochepa komanso kusanja bwino kwazomwe zili pa intaneti (makamaka malo ochezera a pa Intaneti).
- Palibe kutenga nawo mbali pang'ono kwa akatswiri mu bungwe (systematization) zokhutira, ngakhale ndi iwo omwe, mwa chikhalidwe cha ntchito zawo, akugwira ntchito yokonzekera chidziwitso tsiku ndi tsiku, koma zotsatira za ntchito yawo zimalembedwa pa. makompyuta am'deralo.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha kusokonezeka ndi kusagwirizana kwa intaneti ndi chipangizo cha malo omwe tinatengera kuchokera ku Webusaiti 1.0, momwe munthu wamkulu pa intaneti si mwiniwake wa chidziwitso, koma mwiniwake wa malo omwe ali. Ndiko kuti, maganizo a zonyamulira zinthu zili anasamutsidwa kwa maukonde, kumene chinthu chachikulu chinali malo (laibulale, kiosk, mpanda) ndi chinthu (buku, nyuzipepala, chidutswa cha pepala), ndiyeno nkhani zawo. Koma popeza, mosiyana ndi dziko lenileni, malo m'dziko lenileni siwochepa ndipo amawononga ndalama za 2.0 tambala, chiwerengero cha malo omwe akupereka chidziwitso chaposa chiwerengero cha zigawo zapadera ndi madongosolo a ukulu. Webusaiti ya XNUMX inakonza pang'ono izi: wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense adalandira malo ake - akaunti pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti komanso ufulu woikonza pamlingo wina. Koma vuto lapadera la zomwe zili mkati langokulirakulira: ukadaulo wa kukopera-paste wawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kubwereza kwa chidziwitso ndi maulamuliro akulu.
Kuyesetsa kuthana ndi mavutowa pa intaneti yamakono kumakhazikika munjira ziwiri, zolumikizana.
- Kuchulukitsa kulondola kwakusaka pogwiritsa ntchito ma microformatting omwe amagawidwa pamasamba.
- Kupanga "zosungira" zazinthu zodalirika.
Chitsogozo choyamba, ndithudi, chimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mwayi wofotokozera mawu osakira, koma sichichotsa vuto la kubwereza zomwe zili, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, sichichotsa kuthekera kwachinyengo - ndondomeko ya chidziwitso. zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi eni ake, osati wolemba, komanso osati wogula yemwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kufunikira kwakusaka.
Zomwe zikuchitika munjira yachiwiri (Google, , etc.) zitheke kupeza chidziwitso chodalirika, koma m'malo omwe izi zingatheke - vuto la chidziwitso chochuluka limakhala lotseguka m'madera omwe kulibe miyezo yofanana ndi mfundo yodziwika bwino yopangira deta. Vuto lopeza, kukonza dongosolo komanso kuphatikiza zatsopano (zatsopano) mu database ndizovuta kuthetsa, lomwe ndilo vuto lalikulu pa intaneti yamakono yokhudzana ndi anthu.
Ndi mayankho otani omwe njira yolimbikitsira ogwiritsa ntchito imayikidwa mu lipotilo "Β»
- Kukana kapangidwe ka malo - chinthu chachikulu pa intaneti chiyenera kukhala gawo lazinthu, osati malo ake; maukonde mfundo ayenera kukhala wosuta, ndi seti ya okhutira mayunitsi kukhazikitsidwa wachibale kwa iye, amene angatchedwe ontology wosuta.
- logical relativism (pluralism), yomwe imanena kuti sizingatheke kukhalapo kwa lingaliro limodzi lokonzekera chidziwitso, kuzindikira kufunikira kwa chiwerengero chopanda malire chamagulu a ontological odziimira okha, ngakhale mkati mwa mutu womwewo. Gulu lirilonse limayimira ontology ya wogwiritsa ntchito wina (payekha kapena wamba).
- Njira yogwira pomanga ontologies, kutanthauza kuti ontology (gulu lamagulu) limapangidwa ndikuwonetseredwa muzochita za jenereta. Njira iyi ikufunika kukonzanso mautumiki apaintaneti kuchokera pakupanga zinthu kupita ku ontology, zomwe zikutanthauza kupanga zida zogwirira ntchito iliyonse pamaneti. Chotsatiracho chidzakulolani kukopa akatswiri ambiri pa intaneti omwe adzawonetsetse kuti akugwira ntchito.
Mfundo yomaliza ikhoza kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane:
- Ontology imapangidwa ndi katswiri pochita ntchito zake. Dongosolo limapatsa katswiri zida zonse zolowera, kukonza ndi kukonza mtundu uliwonse wa data.
- Ontology imawululidwa muzochita za akatswiri. Izi tsopano zatheka chifukwa gawo lalikulu la zochitika zilizonse zimachitika kapena kujambulidwa pa kompyuta. Katswiri sayenera kupanga ma ontologies; ayenera kuchitapo kanthu pamapulogalamu, omwe nthawi yomweyo ndi chida chachikulu cha ntchito yake komanso jenereta ya ontology.
- Ontology imakhala chotsatira chachikulu cha ntchitoyi (zonse zadongosolo komanso akatswiri) - zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ntchito zamaluso (zolemba, mafotokozedwe, tebulo) ndichifukwa chokha chomangira ontology ya ntchitoyi. Si maphunziro a ontology omwe amamangiriridwa ku chinthucho (zolemba), koma mawu omwe amamveka ngati chinthu chopangidwa mu ontology inayake.
- Ontology iyenera kumveka ngati ontology ya zochitika zinazake; Pali ma ontologies ochuluka monga pali ntchito.
Chifukwa chake, mawu omaliza: Web 3.0 ndikusintha kuchoka pa tsamba lokhazikika kupita ku netiweki ya semantic - kuchokera pa netiweki yamasamba okhala ndi zinthu zosinthidwa mwachisawawa kupita ku netiweki yazinthu zapadera zophatikizidwa kukhala nambala yosawerengeka yamagulu amagulu. Kuchokera kumbali yaukadaulo, Web 3.0 ndi gulu la ntchito zapaintaneti zomwe zimapereka zida zambiri zolowera, kusintha, kufufuza ndi kuwonetsa zamtundu uliwonse, zomwe nthawi imodzi zimapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuwunika, ndikudutsamo, kutsata zomwe zili.
Alexander Boldachev, 2012-2015
Source: www.habr.com