Zolemba zochokera kwa wothandizira wa IoT. Tekinoloje ndi zachuma za LoRaWAN pakuwunikira kumatauni

Mugawo lapitali...

Pafupifupi chaka chapitacho ine analemba za kuyang'anira kuunikira kumatauni mu umodzi mwamizinda yathu. Chilichonse chinali chophweka kumeneko: molingana ndi ndondomeko, mphamvu yopita ku nyali inatsegulidwa ndikuzimitsidwa kudzera mu SHUNO (kabati yoyang'anira kuyatsa kunja). Panali kutumizirana mauthenga mu SHUNO, amene lamulo lake linayatsa nyali. Mwina chosangalatsa ndichakuti izi zidachitika kudzera pa LoRaWAN.

Monga mukukumbukira, poyamba tinamangidwa pa ma module a SI-12 (mkuyu 1) kuchokera ku kampani ya Vega. Ngakhale panthawi yoyendetsa ndege, nthawi yomweyo tinali ndi mavuto.

Chithunzi 1. - Module SI-12

1. Tidadalira netiweki ya LoRaWAN. Kusokoneza kwakukulu pamlengalenga kapena kuwonongeka kwa seva ndipo tili ndi vuto ndi kuyatsa kwa mzinda. Zosatheka, koma zotheka.
2. SI-12 imangokhala ndi pulse input. Mutha kulumikiza mita yamagetsi kwa iyo ndikuwerenga zomwe zawerengedwa pano. Koma pakapita nthawi yochepa (mphindi 5-10) ndizosatheka kutsata kulumpha komwe kumachitika mukayatsa magetsi. Pansipa ndikufotokozera chifukwa chake izi ndizofunikira.
3. Vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Ma module a SI-12 amakhala akuzizira. Pafupifupi kamodzi pa ntchito 20 zilizonse. Mogwirizana ndi Vega, tinayesetsa kuthetsa chifukwa. Panthawi yoyendetsa ndegeyo, firmware iwiri yatsopano ya module ndi seva yatsopano idatulutsidwa, pomwe zovuta zingapo zazikulu zidakhazikitsidwa. Pamapeto pake, ma modules anasiya kupachika. Ndipo komabe ife tinachoka kwa iwo.

Ndipo tsopano...

Pakadali pano tapanga projekiti yapamwamba kwambiri.

Zimachokera ku IS-Industry modules (mkuyu 2). Hardware idapangidwa ndi outsourcer wathu, firmware idalembedwa tokha. Iyi ndi module yanzeru kwambiri. Kutengera fimuweya yomwe yakwezedwa pa iyo, imatha kuwongolera kuyatsa kapena kufunsa mafunso pazida zama metering okhala ndi magawo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mita kutentha kapena magawo atatu magetsi mamita.
Mawu ochepa okhudza zomwe zakhazikitsidwa.

Chithunzi 2. - IS-Industry module

1. Kuyambira tsopano, IS-Industry ili ndi kukumbukira kwake. Ndi firmware yopepuka, zomwe zimatchedwa njira zimayikidwa patali mu kukumbukira uku. Kwenikweni, iyi ndi ndondomeko yoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa SHUNO kwa nthawi inayake. Sitidaliranso tchanelo cha wailesi poyatsa ndi kuzimitsa. Mkati mwa module muli ndondomeko malinga ndi momwe imagwira ntchito mosasamala kanthu kalikonse. Kupha kulikonse kumayendera limodzi ndi lamulo kwa seva. Seva iyenera kudziwa kuti dziko lathu lasintha.

2. Gawo lomwelo likhoza kufunsira mita yamagetsi mu SHUNO. Ola lililonse, maphukusi omwe amamwa komanso mulu wonse wa magawo omwe mita imatha kutulutsa amalandiridwa kuchokera pamenepo.
Koma si mfundo yake. Mphindi ziwiri dziko litasintha, lamulo lodabwitsa limatumizidwa ndikuwerengera nthawi yomweyo. Kuchokera kwa iwo tikhoza kuweruza kuti kuwalako kunayatsa kapena kuzimitsa. Kapena china chake chalakwika. Mawonekedwe ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri. Kusinthaku kukuwonetsa momwe gawoli lilili. Nyali yowunikira imamangirizidwa ku kusowa kapena kupezeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati maikowa akutsutsana (moduleyo yazimitsidwa, koma kugwiritsira ntchito kumapitirira ndipo mosiyana), ndiye kuti mzere ndi SHUNO umasonyezedwa mu zofiira ndipo alamu imapangidwa (mkuyu 3). M'kugwa, dongosolo loterolo lidatithandiza kupeza cholumikizira choyambira chokhazikika. M'malo mwake, vuto si lathu; gawo lathu linagwira ntchito moyenera. Koma timagwira ntchito mokomera kasitomala. Choncho, ayenera kumuwonetsa ngozi iliyonse yomwe ingayambitse mavuto ndi kuyatsa.

Chithunzi 3. - Kugwiritsa ntchito kumatsutsana ndi dziko lopatsirana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mzerewu umawonetsedwa mofiira

Ma grafu amapangidwa potengera kuwerenga kwa ola limodzi.

Mfundo yomveka ndi yofanana ndi nthawi yotsiriza. Timayang'anitsitsa zomwe timazimitsa powonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Timatsata madyedwe apakatikati. Kugwiritsa ntchito pansi pa wapakatikati kumatanthauza kuti magetsi ena atha, pamwamba pake zikutanthauza kuti magetsi akubedwa pamtengo.

3. Phukusi lokhazikika lomwe lili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza kumwa komanso kuti gawoli lili bwino. Amabwera nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndipo samapanga gulu la anthu pamlengalenga.

4. Monga kale, tikhoza kukakamiza SHUNO kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa nthawi iliyonse. Ndikofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kuti ogwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi afufuze nyali yoyaka mu unyolo.

Kuwongolera koteroko kumawonjezera kwambiri kulolerana kwa zolakwika.
Kasamalidwe kameneka kameneka tsopano ndi kodziwika kwambiri ku Russia.

Komanso ...

Tinayenda patsogolo.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti mutha kuchoka kwathunthu ku SHUNO m'lingaliro lachikale ndikuwongolera nyali iliyonse payekha.

Kuti tichite izi, tochi imathandizira dimming protocol (0-10, DALI kapena zina) ndipo ili ndi cholumikizira cha Nemo-socket.

Nemo-socket ndi cholumikizira cha 7-pin (mumkuyu 4), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pakuwunikira mumsewu. Mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe ojambula zimatuluka kuchokera ku tochi kupita ku cholumikizira ichi.

Chithunzi 4. - Nemo-socket

0-10 ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowunikira kuyatsa. Osatinso wamng'ono, koma bwino kutsimikiziridwa. Chifukwa cha malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito protocol iyi, sitingangoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa nyali, komanso kuyisintha kuti ikhale ya dimming mode. Mwachidule, chepetsani magetsi popanda kuzimitsa kwathunthu. Tikhoza kuzichepetsa ndi mtengo wina. 30 kapena 70 kapena 43.

Zimagwira ntchito motere. Gawo lathu lowongolera limayikidwa pamwamba pa Nemo-socket. Gawoli limathandizira 0-10 protocol. Malamulo amafika kudzera pa LoRaWAN kudzera pawailesi (mkuyu 5).

Chithunzi 5. - Tochi yokhala ndi gawo lowongolera

Kodi gawoli lingachite chiyani?

Iye akhoza kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa nyaliyo, kuyimitsa mpaka kufika pamlingo wakutiwakuti. Ndipo amathanso kuyang'anira momwe nyali ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Pankhani ya dimming, pali kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa.

Tsopano sitikungotsata nyali zingapo, tikuwongolera ndikutsata nyali ZONSE. Ndipo, ndithudi, pa nyali iliyonse tikhoza kupeza cholakwika china.

Komanso, mukhoza kwambiri complicate mfundo za njira.

Mwachitsanzo. Timauza nyali No. 5 kuti iyenera kuyatsa pa 18-00, pa 3-00 dim ndi 50 peresenti mpaka 4-50, kenaka muyatsenso pa zana limodzi ndikuzimitsa pa 9-20. Zonsezi zimakonzedwa mosavuta mu mawonekedwe athu ndipo zimapangidwira njira yogwiritsira ntchito yomwe imamveka kwa nyali. Njirayi imakwezedwa panyali ndipo imagwira ntchito motsatira mpaka malamulo ena afika.

Monga momwe zilili ndi gawo la SHUNO, tilibe mavuto ndi kutayika kwa mauthenga a wailesi. Ngakhale zitakhala zovuta kwambiri, kuyatsa kumapitilirabe kugwira ntchito. Komanso, palibe kuthamanga pamlengalenga panthawi yomwe kuli koyenera kuyatsa, kunena, nyali zana. Titha kuwazungulira mosavuta m'modzim'modzi, powerenga ndikuwongolera njira. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaketi ozindikiritsa amapangidwa pakapita nthawi kusonyeza kuti chipangizocho chili ndi moyo ndipo chikukonzekera kulumikizana.
Kufikira kosakonzekera kudzachitika pokhapokha pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Mwamwayi, pamenepa tili ndi chakudya chambiri chokhazikika ndipo titha kugula kalasi C.

Funso lofunika lomwe ndifunsanso. Nthawi zonse tikamawonetsa makina athu, amandifunsa - nanga bwanji zojambulira zithunzi? Kodi chithunzi chopatsirana chikhoza kusokonekera pamenepo?

Mwaukadaulo, palibe mavuto. Koma makasitomala onse omwe tikulankhula nawo amakana mwatsatanetsatane kuti atenge zambiri kuchokera ku masensa azithunzi. Amakufunsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi ndandanda komanso njira zakuthambo. Komabe, kuunikira m’mizinda n’kofunika kwambiri.

Ndipo tsopano chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Chuma.

Kugwira ntchito ndi SHUNO kudzera pawayilesi kumakhala ndi zabwino zomveka komanso zotsika mtengo. Imawonjezera kuwongolera zowunikira komanso imathandizira kukonza. Chilichonse chikuwonekera apa ndipo phindu lachuma likuwonekera.

Koma ndi kulamulira kwa nyali iliyonse kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Pali ntchito zingapo zomwe zamalizidwa ku Russia. Ophatikiza awo amafotokoza monyadira kuti adapeza ndalama zochepetsera mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito dimming ndipo adalipira ntchitoyo.

Zomwe takumana nazo zikusonyeza kuti si zonse zomwe zili zophweka.

Pansipa ndikupereka tebulo kuwerengera malipiro kuchokera ku dimming mu rubles pachaka ndi miyezi pa nyali (mkuyu 6).

Chithunzi 6. - Mawerengedwe a ndalama kuchokera dimming

Imawonetsa maora angati patsiku magetsi amayaka, pafupifupi pamwezi. Timakhulupirira kuti pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya nthawi ino nyali imawala pa mphamvu ya 50 peresenti ndi 30 peresenti pa mphamvu 30 peresenti. Zina zonse zili ndi mphamvu zonse. Kuzungulira chakhumi chapafupi.
Kuti zikhale zosavuta, ndimaona kuti pa 50 peresenti yamagetsi kuwala kumawononga theka la zomwe amachita pa 100 peresenti. Izi ndizolakwika pang'ono, chifukwa pali madalaivala ogwiritsa ntchito, omwe amakhala nthawi zonse. Iwo. Ndalama zathu zenizeni zidzakhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi tebulo. Koma kuti mumvetsetse bwino, zikhale choncho.

Tiyeni titenge mtengo pa kilowatt ya magetsi kukhala ma ruble 5, mtengo wapakati wa mabungwe ovomerezeka.

Pazonse, mu chaka mutha kupulumutsa kuchokera ku ma ruble 313 mpaka ma ruble 1409 pa nyali imodzi. Monga mukuonera, pazida zotsika mphamvu phindu ndilaling'ono kwambiri; ndi zounikira zamphamvu ndizosangalatsa kwambiri.

Nanga bwanji za ndalama zake?

Kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa tochi iliyonse, powonjezera gawo la LoRaWAN kwa izo, ndi pafupifupi 5500 rubles. Kumeneko gawo lokha ndi pafupifupi 3000, kuphatikizapo mtengo wa Nemo-Socket pa nyali ndi ma ruble ena 1500, kuphatikizapo unsembe ndi kasinthidwe ntchito. Sindikuganizirabe kuti nyali zotere muyenera kulipira malipiro olembetsa kwa mwiniwake wa intaneti.

Zikuoneka kuti malipiro a dongosolo muzochitika zabwino kwambiri (ndi nyali yamphamvu kwambiri) ndi zosachepera zaka zinayi. Kubweza. Kwa nthawi yayitali.

Koma ngakhale mu nkhani iyi, chirichonse chidzanyalanyazidwa ndi malipiro olembetsa. Ndipo popanda izo, mtengowo uyenera kuphatikizapo kusunga maukonde a LoRaWAN, omwenso ndi otsika mtengo.

Palinso ndalama zocheperako pantchito ya ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi, omwe tsopano akukonzekera ntchito yawo bwino kwambiri. Koma iye sangapulumutse.

Zikuoneka kuti zonse pachabe?

Ayi. Ndipotu, yankho lolondola apa ndi ili.

Kuwongolera kuwala kwa msewu uliwonse ndi gawo la mzinda wanzeru. Gawo limenelo lomwe silimasunga ndalama kwenikweni, komanso lomwe muyenera kulipira pang'ono. Koma pobwezera timapeza chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Muzomangamanga zotere, timakhala ndi mphamvu zotsimikizika nthawi zonse pamtengo uliwonse usana ndi usiku. Osati kokha usiku.

Pafupifupi wopereka chithandizo aliyense adakumana ndi vutoli. Tiyenera kukhazikitsa Wi-Fi mu lalikulu lalikulu. Kapena kuyang'anitsitsa kanema paki. Oyang'anira amapereka mwayi wopita patsogolo ndikugawa zothandizira. Koma vuto ndi loti pali mizati younikira ndipo magetsi amapezeka usiku basi. Tiyenera kuchita zinazake zachinyengo, kukoka mphamvu zowonjezera pazithandizo, kukhazikitsa mabatire ndi zinthu zina zachilendo.

Pankhani yolamulira nyali iliyonse, tikhoza kupachika chinthu china pamtengo ndi nyali ndikuchipanga kukhala "chanzeru".

Ndipo apa palinso funso la zachuma ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Kwinakwake kunja kwa mzindawu, SHUNO ndi yokwanira m'maso. Pakatikati ndizomveka kupanga chinthu chovuta kwambiri komanso chotheka.

Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mawerengedwewa ali ndi manambala enieni, osati maloto okhudza intaneti ya Zinthu.

PS M’kupita kwa chaka chino, ndinatha kulankhula ndi mainjiniya ambiri ochita nawo ntchito yowunikira magetsi. Ndipo ena adanditsimikizira kuti pakadali chuma pakuwongolera nyali iliyonse. Ndine womasuka kukambirana, zowerengera zanga zimaperekedwa. Ngati mungathe kutsimikizira mosiyana, ndithudi ndikulemba za izo.

Source: www.habr.com