Kodi mumadziwa kuti mutha kuyendetsa mzere wolamula wa Linux pa chipangizo cha iOS? Mutha kufunsa, "Chifukwa chiyani ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mameseji pa iPhone yanga?" Funso labwino. Koma ngati muwerenga Opensource.com, mwina mukudziwa yankho: Ogwiritsa ntchito a Linux akufuna kuti azitha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pazida zilizonse ndikufuna kuzisintha okha.
Koma koposa zonse, amafuna kuthetsa mavuto ovuta.
Ndili ndi iPad 2 Mini ya zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri yomwe idakali yabwino kuwerenga ma e-mabuku ndi ntchito zina. Komabe, ndikufunanso kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti ndipeze mzere wamapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu anga ndi zolemba, popanda zomwe sindingathe kugwira ntchito. Ndikufuna malo omwe ndidazolowera, komanso malo omwe ndikukula bwino. Ndipo umu ndi momwe ndinakwaniritsira izi.
Kulumikizana ndi kiyibodi
Kugwira ntchito ndi mzere wolamula pakupanga mapulogalamu kudzera pa kiyibodi ya pakompyuta ya foni kapena piritsi ndikovuta. Ndikupangira kulumikiza kiyibodi yakunja, mwina kudzera pa Bluetooth, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira cholumikizira kamera kuti mulumikizane ndi kiyibodi ya waya (ndinasankha chomaliza). Mukalumikiza kiyibodi yogawanika ya Kinesis Advantage ku iPhone 6, mumapeza chipangizo chachilendo chomwe chimafanana kuchokera ku classic Shadowrun.
Kuyika chipolopolo pa iOS
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito makina onse a Linux pa iOS, pali njira ziwiri:
- Chipolopolo chotetezedwa (SSH) cholumikizidwa ndi kompyuta ya Linux
- Kuyendetsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito Alpine Linux ndi iSH, yomwe ili yotseguka koma iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Apple ya TestFlight.
M'malo mwake, pali mapulogalamu awiri otsegulira gwero la emulator omwe amapereka mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi zida zotseguka m'malo oletsedwa. Iyi ndiye njira yovula kwambiri - makamaka, umu ndi momwe mumayendetsera zida za Linux, osati Linux. Pali zoletsa zazikulu mukamagwira ntchito ndi izi, koma mumapeza magwiridwe antchito a mzere wamalamulo.
Ndisanapitirire ku zothetsera zovuta, ndiyang'ana njira yosavuta.
Njira 1: chipolopolo cha sandbox
Imodzi mwa njira zosavuta ndi kukhazikitsa iOS app . izi sandboxed command shell with support for over 80 commands for zero dollar. Imabwera ndi Python 2.7, Python 3.7, Lua, C, Clang ndi zina zambiri.
Zili ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana , ofotokozedwa ndi opanga ngati "mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito papulatifomu yolowera." a-Shell magwero aikidwa , ili mu chitukuko chogwira ntchito, imapereka mwayi wofikira mafayilo, ndipo imabwera ndi Lua, Python, Tex, Vim, JavaScript, C ndi C ++, komanso Clang ndi Clang ++. Zimakulolani kuti muyike phukusi la Python.
Njira 2: SSH
Chinthu chinanso chotsitsa pulogalamu ndikukhazikitsa kasitomala wa SSH. Kwa nthawi yayitali tsopano, takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu aliwonse a kasitomala a SSH a iOS kuti alumikizane ndi seva yomwe ikuyenda ndi Linux kapena BSD. Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito SSH ndikuti seva imatha kuyendetsa kugawa kulikonse ndi pulogalamu iliyonse. Mumagwira ntchito kutali ndipo zotsatira za ntchito yanu zimangosamutsidwa ku terminal emulator pa chipangizo chanu cha iOS.
ndi pulogalamu yotchuka yolipira ya SSH mu . Ngati munyalanyaza chinsalu chaching'ono cha chipangizocho, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi kuli kofanana ndi kulumikiza ku seva kudzera mu mzere wina uliwonse wa lamulo. Blink Terminal ikuwoneka bwino, ili ndi mitu yambiri yopangidwa kale komanso kuthekera kopanga zanu, kuphatikiza kuthekera kosintha ndi kuwonjezera mafonti atsopano.
Njira 3: Yambitsani Linux
Kugwiritsa ntchito SSH kuti mulumikizane ndi seva ya Linux ndi njira yabwino yolumikizira mzere wolamula, koma pamafunika seva yakunja ndi intaneti. Ili si vuto lalikulu, koma silinganyalanyazidwe kwathunthu, chifukwa chake mungafunike kuyendetsa Linux popanda seva.
Ngati izi ndi zanu, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono. ndi ntchito ya eni ake kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu opangidwa ngakhale asanasindikizidwe mu Apple App Store. Mutha kukhazikitsa pulogalamu ya TestFlight kuchokera ku App Store kenako kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu oyesera. Mapulogalamu mu TestFlight amalola anthu ochepa oyesa beta (nthawi zambiri mpaka 10) kuti agwire nawo ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa. Kuti mutsitse pulogalamu yoyeserera, muyenera kuchoka pa chipangizo chanu kupita ku ulalo womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala patsamba la wopanga mapulogalamu oyesa.
Kuthamanga kwa Alpine Linux ndi iSH
ndi ntchito yotseguka ya TestFlight yomwe imayambitsa makina enieni okhala ndi kugawa kokonzeka (ndi kuyesayesa pang'ono, mutha kuyendetsa magawo ena).
Chofunika kwambiri: ntchito yoyesera. Popeza iSH ndi ntchito yoyesera pano, musayembekezere kugwira ntchito kosalekeza komanso kodalirika. Mapulogalamu a TestFlight ali ndi nthawi yochepa. Kupanga kwanga kwapano kutha masiku 60 okha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakatha masiku 60 ndidzachotsedwa ndipo ndiyenera kujowinanso gawo lotsatira la kuyesa kwa iSH. Komanso, nditaya mafayilo anga onse pokhapokha nditawatumiza pogwiritsa ntchito Mafayilo pa iOS kapena kuwakopera kwa Git host kapena . Mwanjira ina: Musayembekezere kuti izi zipitilira kugwira ntchito! Osayika chilichonse chofunikira kwa inu mudongosolo! Bwererani kumalo enaake!
Kukhazikitsa iSH
Yambani ndi kukhazikitsa kuchokera ku App Store. Kenako ikani iSH, kuchokera patsamba lofunsira. Palinso njira ina yoyika pogwiritsa ntchito AltStore, koma sindinayese. Kapena, ngati muli ndi akaunti yolipira, mutha kutsitsa chosungira cha iSH kuchokera ku GitHub ndikuyiyika nokha.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo, TestFlight idzakhazikitsa pulogalamu ya iSH pa chipangizo chanu. Monga ndi pulogalamu ina iliyonse, chithunzi chidzawonekera pazenera.
Kasamalidwe ka Phukusi
iSH imayendetsa emulator ya x86 yokhala ndi Alpine Linux. Alpine ndi distro yaying'ono, yochepera 5MB kukula kwake. Iyi inali nthawi yanga yoyamba kugwira ntchito ndi Alpine, kotero ndinaganiza kuti minimalism idzakhala yosasangalatsa, koma ndinaikonda kwambiri.
Alpine amagwiritsa ntchito phukusi woyang'anira , yomwe ndi yosavuta kuposa apt kapena pacman.
Momwe mungayikitsire phukusi:
apk add packageMomwe mungachotsere phukusi:
apk del packageMomwe mungapezere malamulo ena ndi zambiri:
apk --helpZowongolera phukusi:
apk update
apk upgradeKukhazikitsa text editor
Alpine's default text editor ndi Vi, koma ndimakonda Vim, kotero ndinayiyika:
apk add vimNgati mungafune, mutha kukhazikitsa Nano kapena Emacs.
Kusintha kwa chipolopolo
Sindikudziwa za inu, koma ndikufunika . Anthu ena amakonda kapena . Komabe, Alpine amagwiritsa ntchito phulusa! Phulusa ndi mphanda wa Dash chipolopolo, chomwe chokha ndi mphanda wa phulusa loyambirira, kapena . Cholinga chake ndi liwiro. Ndidaganiza zosinthana mwachangu kuti ndikamalizitse, mitundu, makiyi a Vim, ndikuwonetsa mawu omwe ndimakonda komanso kudziwa kuchokera ku chipolopolo cha nsomba.
Kuyika nsomba:
apk add fishNgati mukufuna Bash ndi zolemba zake zokha ndi masamba amunthu, ndiye ikani:
apk add bash bash-doc bash-completionLingaliro laling'ono la Alpine nthawi zambiri limatanthawuza kuti mapulogalamu ena omwe amaikidwa m'magawo ena amagawidwa m'maphukusi ang'onoang'ono angapo. Zimatanthauzanso kuti mutha kusintha ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa dongosolo lanu momwe mukufunira.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za kukhazikitsa Bash, onani .
Kusintha chipolopolo chokhazikika
Mukayika nsomba, mutha kusintha kwakanthawi ndikulowa fish ndi kupita ku chipolopolo. Koma ndikufuna kupanga nsomba kukhala chipolopolo chosasinthika ndi lamulo chsh, yomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito pogawa zina, sinagwire ntchito.
Choyamba timapeza komwe nsomba imayikidwa:
which fishNazi zomwe ndili nazo:
/usr/bin/fish
Kenako, sinthani chipolopolo cholowera kukhala nsomba. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mkonzi aliyense wokomera inu. Ngati ndinu oyamba, ndiye ikani Nano (ndi lamulo apk add nano) kotero kuti mutha kusintha mafayilo osinthira ndikusunga kudzera pa CTRL+X, tsimikizirani ndikutuluka.
Koma ndidagwiritsa ntchito Vim:
vim /etc/passwdMzere wanga woyamba unali motere:
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/ashKuti mupange nsomba kukhala chipolopolo chosasinthika, sinthani mzerewu kukhala motere:
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/usr/bin/fishKenako sungani fayilo ndikutuluka.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti pali njira yabwino yosinthira njira yopita ku chipolopolo kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Koma sindikudziwa, chifukwa chake ndikupangira kubwerera ku msakatuli wogwiritsa ntchito, kukakamiza kutuluka pachipolopolocho, ndikukhala kumbali yotetezeka, zimitsani ndikuyambitsanso iPad kapena iPhone yanu. Tsegulani iSH kachiwiri ndipo tsopano, kuwonjezera pa uthenga "Welcome to Alpine!" ndi zambiri zakukhazikitsa kuchokera ku apk, muwona uthenga wolandirika wolowera nsomba: Takulandilani ku nsomba, chipolopolo chochezeka. Uwu!
Kukhazikitsa Python ndi pip
Ndinaganiza zowonjezera (mtundu 3.x), osati kungolemba kachidindo, komanso chifukwa ndimagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu angapo a Python. Tiyeni tiyike:
apk add python3Ngakhale Python 2.x ndi yachikale, mutha kuyiyika:
apk add pythonTiyeni tiyike woyang'anira phukusi la Python wotchedwa pip ndi :
python3 -m ensurepip --default-pipZidzatenga nthawi kuti muyike ndikusintha woyang'anira phukusi, ndiye dikirani.
Ndiye mukhoza kukopera chida kusamutsa owona pa maukonde :
apk add curlKuwerenga mabuku
Nsomba imagwiritsa ntchito kumalizitsa kokhazikika komwe kumatengera masamba amunthu. Monga ena ogwiritsa ntchito mzere wamalamulo, ndimagwiritsa ntchito bukuli man, koma sichimayikidwa ku Alpine. Chifukwa chake ndidayiyika ndi terminal pager :
apk add man man-pages less less-docKuwonjezera pa munthu ndimagwiritsa ntchito zazikulu , yomwe imapereka masamba osavuta komanso oyendetsedwa ndi anthu.
Ndinayiyika pogwiritsa ntchito pip:
pip install tldr
timu tldr imalumikizana ndi intaneti kuti itenge masamba ikakumana ndi pempho la tsamba latsopano. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito lamulo, mutha kulemba ngati tldr curl ndikupeza kufotokozera m'Chingerezi chomveka bwino ndi zitsanzo zabwino za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito lamulo.
Zachidziwikire, ntchito yonseyi yoyika izi zitha kupangidwa mongogwiritsa ntchito kapena cholembera, koma kwenikweni izi sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi malingaliro a Alpine - kukonza makonda ochepa kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zanu. Kupatula apo, zinatenga nthawi yayitali, sichoncho?
zina zambiri
ISH Wiki ili ndi tsamba "" ndi malipoti omwe mapaketi akugwira ntchito pano. Mwa njira, zikuwoneka ngati .
Tsamba lina la wiki likufotokoza momwe kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya iOS Files. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe mungasunthire ndikukopera mafayilo.
Mutha kukhazikitsanso Git (inde! apk add git ) ndikukankhira ntchito yanu kumalo akutali kapena kusamutsa ku seva kudzera pa SSH. Ndipo, zachidziwikire, mutha kutsitsa ndikuyendetsa ma projekiti ambiri otseguka kuchokera ku GitHub.
Zambiri za iSH zitha kupezeka pa maulalo awa:
Pa Ufulu Wotsatsa
Vdsina umafuna kapena Windows. Timagwiritsa ntchito kokha , gulu labwino kwambiri la seva lamtundu wake lomwe limapangidwira komanso amodzi mwamalo abwino kwambiri a data ku Russia ndi EU. Fulumirani kuyitanitsa!
Source: www.habr.com