Masabata angapo apitawo tinakhala : adamanga chipinda, chomwe adadzaza ndi zida zanzeru ndikuyambitsa kuwulutsa kwa YouTube kuchokera pamenepo. Osewera amatha kuwongolera zida za IoT kuchokera patsamba lamasewera; Cholinga chinali kupeza chida chobisika m'chipindamo (laser pointer yamphamvu), kuthyolako ndikuyambitsa dera lalifupi m'chipindamo.
Kuti tiwonjezerepo, tidayika chowotcha m'chipindamo, momwe tidanyamula ma ruble 200: wowotchera adadya bilu imodzi pa ola limodzi. Mutapambana masewerawa, mutha kuyimitsa chowotcha ndikutenga ndalama zonse zotsala.
Tanena kale ndipo polojekiti. Yakwana nthawi yoti tikambirane za hardware ndi momwe idasonkhanitsira.
Panali zopempha zambiri zosonyeza nthawi yoyeretsa chipinda - tikuwonetsa momwe timachilekanitsira
Zomangamanga za Hardware: Kuwongolera Zipinda
Tinayamba kupanga njira yothetsera vutoli pamene zochitikazo zinali zomveka bwino, kumbuyo kunali kokonzeka, ndipo tinali ndi chipinda chopanda kanthu chokonzekera kukhazikitsa zipangizo.
Kukumbukira nthabwala yakale "The S in IoT imayimira Chitetezo" ("Chilembo S mu chidule cha IoT chikuyimira Chitetezo"), tidaganiza kuti nthawi ino osewera omwe ali mumasewerawa amangolumikizana ndi kutsogolo komanso kumbuyo. za malo, koma osapeza mwayi wopita kuchitsulo.
Izi zidachitika pazifukwa zachitetezo komanso chiwonetsero chazomwe zikuchitika pazenera: ndi mwayi wolumikizana mwachindunji ndi osewera, zingakhale zovuta kudzipatula zotetezeka komanso zowopsa, mwachitsanzo, kupukusa mwachangu kwa shredder kapena kuwongolera. pyrotechnics.
Tisanayambe kupanga, tinapanga mfundo zingapo zoyendetsera zida zamasewera, zomwe zidakhala maziko a mapangidwewo:
Osagwiritsa ntchito njira zopanda zingwe
Malo onse akusewera ali mu chimango chimodzi, ngodya iliyonse yomwe imatha kufika. Panalibe chosowa chenicheni cholumikizira opanda zingwe ndipo amangokhala malo ena olephera.
Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zapanyumba
Makamaka chifukwa cha makonda kusinthasintha. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti titha kusintha mitundu yambiri yamabokosi a makina anzeru apanyumba okhala ndi ma admin okonzeka ndi maulamuliro a ntchito yathu, koma ndalama zogwirira ntchito zitha kufanana ndi kupanga yankho lanu losavuta.
Kuonjezera apo, kunali koyenera kubwera ndi zipangizo zomwe zingasonyeze bwino kuti ndi osewera omwe adasintha dziko lake: adatsegula / kuzimitsa kapena kuika kuwala kwapadera pa zilembo FALCON.
Tidatolera zinthu zonse kuchokera ku zida zopezeka pagulu zomwe zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo wamba wawayilesi: pakati pa kutumiza pizza ndi kola yazakudya, otumiza Chip ndi Dip ndi Leroy amabwera patsamba lino.
Kusankha kusonkhanitsa zonse tokha kumathandizira kukonza zolakwika, scalability, komabe, kumafuna chisamaliro chachikulu pakuyika.
Ma relay onse ndi arudin sayenera kuwoneka mu chimango
Tidaganiza zobweretsa zinthu zonse zowongolera pamalo amodzi ndikuzibisa kuseri kwazithunzi kuti tithe kuyang'anira momwe amagwirira ntchito ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kukwawa mosayang'ana kamera ndikulowetsa gawo lolephera.
Pamapeto pake, zonse zinali zobisika pansi pa tebulo, ndipo kamera inayikidwa kotero kuti palibe chomwe chinkawoneka pansi pa tebulo. Awa anali "malo athu akhungu" kuti injiniya akwerepo
Chotsatira chake, tinapezadi chipangizo chimodzi chanzeru: chinalandira chikhalidwe cha mbali zake zonse kuchokera kumbuyo ndikuchisintha ndi lamulo loyenera.
Kuchokera pamawonekedwe a hardware, chipangizochi chinkalamulira zinthu 6:
- Nyali zingapo zamatebulo, zimakhala ndi / off state ndipo zimayendetsedwa ndi osewera
- Zilembo pakhoma, amatha kusintha mtundu wawo polamula osewera
- Mafani omwe amazungulira ndikutsegula tchati pomwe seva ili pansi
- Laser yoyendetsedwa ndi PWM
- Shredder amene adadya ndalama nthawi yake
- Makina osuta omwe amatuluka laser aliyense asanawombere
Kuyesa makina osuta ndi laser
Pambuyo pake, kuwala kwa siteji kunawonjezeredwa, komwe kunayima kumbuyo kwa chimango ndipo kumayendetsedwa mofanana ndi nyali zochokera ku mfundo 1. Kuwala kwa siteji kunagwira ntchito muzochitika ziwiri: kunawunikira laser pamene mphamvu inagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo inaunikira kulemera kwake pamaso pa laser idayambitsidwa munjira yankhondo.
Kodi chipangizo chanzeru chimenechi chinali chiyani?
Njira yonse, Yura, munthu wathu wa Hardware, adayesetsa kuti asasokoneze zinthu ndikubwera ndi njira yosavuta, yocheperako.
Zinkaganiziridwa kuti VPS idzangoyendetsa script yomwe imalandira json ndi chikhalidwe cha zipangizo ndikuzitumiza ku Arduino yolumikizidwa kudzera pa USB.
Zolumikizidwa ku madoko:
- Ma relay 16 okhazikika (ndiwo omwe amapanga phokoso lomwe linamveka muvidiyoyi. Tidawasankha makamaka chifukwa cha phokosoli)
- 4 zowongolera zolimba zowongolera mayendedwe a PWM, monga mafani,
- osiyana PWM linanena bungwe laser
- zomwe zimapanga chizindikiro ku mzere wa LED
Nachi chitsanzo cha lamulo la json lomwe lidabwera ku relay kuchokera pa seva
{"power":false,"speed":0,"period":null,"deviceIdentifier":"FAN"}Ndipo ichi ndi chitsanzo cha ntchito yomwe lamulo lidafika ku Arudino
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
request = json.loads(body.decode("utf-8"))
print(request, end="n")
send_to_serial(body)Kuti tiwunikire nthawi yomwe laser imawotcha chingwe ndipo kulemera kumawulukira ku aquarium, tidapanga batani laling'ono lomwe lidayambika pomwe kulemera kudagwa ndikupereka chizindikiro ku dongosolo.
Batani loyang'anira kayendedwe ka kulemera
Pa chizindikiro ichi, mabomba a utsi opangidwa kuchokera ku mipira ya ping-pong amayenera kuyatsa. Timayika utsi wa 4 molunjika mubwalo la seva ndikugwirizanitsa ndi ulusi wa nichrome, womwe umayenera kutenthedwa ndikugwira ntchito ngati choyatsira.
Nyumba yokhala ndi mabomba a utsi ndi nkhata zaku China
Arduino
Malinga ndi dongosolo loyambirira, zochitika ziwiri zidachitika pa Arduino.
Choyamba, pempho latsopano litalandiridwa, pempholi linaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito laibulale ya ArduinoJson. Chotsatira, chipangizo chilichonse choyendetsedwa chinafaniziridwa ndi zinthu zake ziwiri:
- power state "pa" kapena "off" (standard state)
- nthawi yomwe chipangizocho chimayatsidwa - nthawi mu ma microseconds kuyambira pachiyambi cha bolodi, ikafika nthawi yoti muzimitse, ndiye kuti, kubweretsa dziko kukhala muyezo
Nthawi yomaliza idakhazikitsidwa polandila gawo lofananira mu JSON, koma silinaperekedwe, ndiye kuti mtengowo udayikidwa ku 0 ndipo palibe kukonzanso komwe kudachitika.
Chochita chachiwiri chomwe Arduino adachita kuzungulira kulikonse chinali kukonzanso mayiko, ndiko kuti, kuyang'ana ngati pakufunika kuyatsa china chake kapena ngati inali nthawi yoti muzimitse chipangizo chilichonse.
Laser pointer - Megatron 3000 yomweyo
Ichi ndi LSMVR450-3000MF 3000mW 450nm Buku lolunjika laser kudula ndi cholemba gawo.
Makalata a Falcon
Anapangidwa mophweka kwambiri - tinkangotengera zilembo kuchokera ku logo, kuzidula pa makatoni, kenako ndikuziphimba ndi tepi ya LED. Pankhaniyi, ndimayenera kugulitsa zidutswa za tepi palimodzi, zolumikizira 4 pa msoko uliwonse, koma zotsatira zake zinali zoyenera. Pasha wathu wam'mbuyo adawonetsa zozizwitsa za luso, akuzichita pasanathe maola angapo.
Mayeso oyamba a chipangizo cha iot ndi kumaliza
Tinachita mayesero oyambirira ndipo nthawi yomweyo ntchito zatsopano zinafika kwa ife. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakati pa ndondomekoyi, wojambula weniweni wa filimu ndi wojambula zithunzi wochokera ku VGIK, Ilya Serov, adalowa nawo gululi - adamanga chimango, adawonjezeranso kuunikira kwa cinema ndikusintha pang'ono script ya masewera kuti chiwembucho chikhale chokhudza mtima, komanso chithunzi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi zisudzo.
Izi zidakulitsa mtunduwo, koma zidawoneka zomwe zimafunikiranso kulumikizidwa ndi njira yolumikizirana komanso ma algorithm opangira.
Vuto lina linali la laser: tidayesa zingapo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe ndi ma lasers amphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Kuti tiyesedwe, tinkangopachika cholemetsa chokwera pa chingwe.
Pothamanga ndi chizindikiro choyesera, mphamvu yoyendetsedwa kudzera mu PWM inali yochepa kuposa 10% ndipo sichinawononge chingwe ngakhale ndi nthawi yayitali.
Pamachitidwe omenyera nkhondo, laser idasinthidwa kukhala pafupifupi malo okhala ndi mainchesi 10 mm ndipo molimba mtima idawotchedwa kudzera mu chingwe ndi katundu kuchokera patali pafupifupi mita.
Chifukwa chake laser idagwira ntchito bwino pakuyesa
Titayamba kuyesa chilichonse mchipindamo pa cholemetsa choyimitsidwa, zidapezeka kuti kupeza laser motetezeka sikunali kophweka. Kenako chingwecho chikayaka, chimasungunuka, chimatambasula ndikuchoka pamalo ake oyamba.
Koma sizinagwirenso ntchito monga choncho: chingwe chinasuntha
Ilya anasuntha laser kumapeto kwa chipinda moyang'anizana ndi chingwe kuti mtanda wa laser udutse siteji yonse ndikuwoneka wokongola mu chimango, chomwe chinawirikiza mtunda.
Titayesanso kangapo kuwotcha chingwe kale pankhondo, tidaganiza kuti tisazunze ndikuteteza chingwecho pogwiritsa ntchito waya wa nichrome. Idawononga ulusi masekondi 120 mutatha kuyatsa laser munjira yankhondo. Tinasankha hardcode izi, komanso kudulidwa kwa waya ndi kuyatsa kwa mabomba a utsi pamene kukhudzana kwa kupatukana kumayambitsidwa, mwachindunji mu hardware ya microcontroller.
Ulusi womwe pamapeto pake unawotcha kudzera pa chingwe chosawonekera
Chifukwa chake, ntchito yachitatu idawoneka yomwe Arduino adathetsa - kutsata ndondomeko zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kutsata malamulo awa.
Tinasankhanso kupatsa Arduino kufunika kowerengera ndalama pa TV ndikuyendetsa shredder. Poyamba, zinkaganiziridwa kuti backend idzachita izi ndipo ndalama zomwe zilipo panopa zidzawonekera pa webusaitiyi, ndipo pa TV tidzawonetsa ndemanga kuchokera ku YouTube ngati chinthu chowonjezera chothandizira, ndikuwuza owona kuti zochitika m'chipindamo zikuchitika zenizeni. nthawi.
Koma pakuyesa mayeso, Ilya adayang'ana zomwe zidachitika ndipo adapereka malingaliro owonetsa masewerawo pazenera lalikulu kwambiri: ndi ndalama zingati zomwe zatsala, zomwe zadyedwa, komanso kuwerengera mpaka kuyambika kotsatira kwa shredder.
Tidamanga Arduino mpaka pano: ola lililonse lathunthu shredder idayamba. Chithunzicho chinawonetsedwa pa TV pogwiritsa ntchito rasipiberi, yomwe panthawiyo inali kulandira kale zopempha kuchokera kwa seva ndikuzitumiza ku arduino kuti aphedwe. Zithunzi zokhala ndi zisonyezo zandalama zidakokedwa poyimbira console utility fim motere
image = subprocess.Popen(["fim", "-q", "-r", "1920Γ1080", fim_str]), Π³Π΄Π΅ fim_str
Ndipo idapangidwa kutengera kuchuluka kapena nthawi yofunikira.
Tidapanga zithunzizo pasadakhale: tidangotenga kanema wopangidwa kale ndi chowerengera ndikutumiza zithunzi 200.
Izi ndizo zimango zomwe zidakonzedwa pamtanda. Pamene kuwerengera komaliza kunayamba, tonse tinapita kumalowo, tidavala zida zozimitsa moto ndikukhala pansi kuti tidikire moto (womwe unangotsala pang'ono kusagwirizana)
Momwe mungapangire kuwulutsa komwe kumagwira ntchito kwa sabata: kusankha kamera
Pakufuna kwathu, tidafunikira kuwulutsa mosalekeza pa YouTube kwa masiku 7 - ndizomwe takhazikitsa ngati nthawi yayitali yamasewera. Panali zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikanatilepheretsa:
- Kutentha kwa kamera chifukwa chogwira ntchito mosalekeza
- Kutha kwa intaneti
Kamerayo idayenera kupereka chithunzi cha Full HD kuti kusewera ndikuwonera chipindacho kukhala chomasuka.
Poyambirira, tidayang'ana makamera awebusayiti omwe amapangidwa kuti azitha kusewera. Tinali kudula bajeti yathu, kotero sitinkafuna kugula kamera, koma, monga momwe zinakhalira, iwo sanabwereke. Panthawi yomweyi, tinapeza mozizwitsa kamera ya Xbox Kinect yomwe ili m'nyumba mwanga, ndikuyiyika m'chipinda changa ndikuyamba kuyesa kuyesa kwa sabata.
Kamerayo inagwira ntchito bwino ndipo sinatenthe, koma Ilya pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo anazindikira kuti inalibe makonda, makamaka zinali zosatheka kukhazikitsa chiwonetserocho.
Ilya ankafuna kubweretsa mtundu wa kuwulutsa pafupi ndi mfundo za kupanga mafilimu ndi mavidiyo: kusonyeza kuwala kosinthika kosinthika ndi magwero a kuwala kowala, maziko akuda ndi zinthu zomwe zili mu chimango. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndinkafuna kusunga kufotokozera kwa chithunzicho muzithunzi ndi mithunzi, ndi phokoso lochepa la digito.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale Kinect idatsimikizira kukhala yodalirika pamayesero ndipo sinafune khadi yojambulira kanema (mfundo ina yolephera), tinaganiza zosiya. Pambuyo pa masiku atatu akuyesa makamera osiyanasiyana, Ilya anasankha Sony FDR-AX53 - camcorder yaing'ono, yodalirika yomwe imakhala yotsika mtengo kubwereka, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala yodalirika komanso yowoneka bwino.
Tinabwereka kamera, nβkuitsegula kwa mlungu umodzi pamodzi ndi khadi lojambulira vidiyo, ndipo tinazindikira kuti nayo tingadalire kuulutsidwa kosalekeza panthaΕ΅i yonseyo.
Kupanga kanema: kuwonetsa siteji ndi kuyatsa
Kugwira ntchito pakuwunikira kumafuna chisomo china; tinkafunika kupanga zowunikira ndi njira zochepa:
1. Kuwunikira kwa zinthu pamene osewera amazipeza (laser, kulemera), komanso kuwala kosalekeza pa shredder. Apa tidagwiritsa ntchito dedolight 150 - zida zowunikira zodalirika komanso zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi nyali zotsika kwambiri za halogen, zomwe zimakulolani kuyang'ana mtengo pa chinthu china popanda kukhudza maziko ndi zinthu zina.
2. Kuwala kothandiza kosewera - nyali ya tebulo, nyali yapansi, nyenyezi, garland. Kuwala konse kothandiza kunagawidwa bwino mu chimango kuti chiwunikire malo a chithunzicho, panali nyali za LED zokhala ndi kutentha kwa mtundu wa 3200K mkati, nyali mu nyali yapansi inali yokutidwa ndi fyuluta yofiira ya Rosco kuti apange kamvekedwe kachilendo.
Ndine injiniya kwa amayi anga kapena kutsegulira ndi mawa
Momwe tidasungira intaneti ndi magetsi
Iwo adayandikira nkhani ya kulolerana kwa zolakwika pafupifupi ngati malo opangira ma data: adasankha kuti asapatuke ku mfundo zoyambira ndikusungidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la N + 1 wamba.
Ngati kuwulutsa pa YouTube kuyima, izi zikutanthauza kuti sikungatheke kulumikizanso pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo womwewo ndikupitiliza mtsinje. Inali nthawi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo chipindacho chinali mu ofesi yokhazikika.
Pa izi tidagwiritsa ntchito rauta yochokera ku OpenWRT ndi phukusi la mwan3. Idayesa kupezeka kwa tchanelo masekondi 5 aliwonse ndipo, pakapuma, idasinthiratu modemu yosunga ndi Yota. Zotsatira zake, kusintha njira yosunga zobwezeretsera kudachitika pasanathe mphindi imodzi.
Zinalinso zofunikanso kuthetsa kuzima kwa magetsi, chifukwa ngakhale kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu kwakanthawi kochepa kungayambitse kuyambiranso kwa makompyuta onse.
Chifukwa chake, tidatenga ippon innova g2 3000 magetsi osasunthika, omwe angasungire zida zonse zamasewera: mphamvu yonse yogwiritsa ntchito makina athu inali pafupifupi 300 Watts. Zitha kukhala kwa mphindi 75, zokwanira pa zolinga zathu.
Tinaganiza zosiya kuyatsa kowonjezera ngati magetsi a m'chipindamo atha - anali osalumikizidwa ndi magetsi osasokoneza.
Zothokoza
- Kwa timu yonse , amene adayambitsa ndi kukhazikitsa masewerawa.
- Payokha, kwa olamulira a RUVDS, poyang'anira ntchito ya ma seva, katunduyo anali wovomerezeka ndipo zonse zinkagwira ntchito mwachizolowezi.
- Kwa bwana wabwino chifukwa poyankha kuyitanidwa, "Ndili ndi lingaliro: titenga seva, tiyike aquarium pamenepo, ndikupachika cholemera pamwamba pake, boom, bang, chilichonse chimasefukira ndi madzi, dera lalifupi, moto. !" nthawi zonse amanena molimba mtima kuti "chitani!"
- Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎ komanso padera kwa Mikhail Karpov chifukwa chosangokumana ndi theka komanso kutilola kuti tiphwanye Malamulo Ogwiritsira Ntchito, komanso kutipatsa akaunti ya bizinesi kwa chaka chimodzi tikamalankhula za polojekitiyi.
- Ilya Serov kuti mulowe nawo ndikukhala wothandizira nawo polojekitiyi, okonzeka kukwawa theka la usiku, gluing Mzere wa LED, kufunafuna mayankho aukadaulo ndikuchita chilichonse kuti tipeze kanema weniweni.
- pokhala okonzeka nthawi zonse kuti apulumutse mkhalidwewo pamene ena adaponya manja awo, borscht, chithandizo cha makhalidwe abwino ndi zokambirana mpaka m'mawa.
- chifukwa chotilumikiza ndi pentester wabwino kwambiri mdziko muno, yemwe adatilangiza komanso kutithandiza ndi ntchito.
- kupanga makanema abwino amavidiyo onse.
- kwa dzanja lolimba ndi kufunitsitsa kugwira ntchito mpaka kumapeto.
- Chabwino pafupifupi nthawi zonse pitsa yotentha.
Ndipo kuyamikira kwakukulu kumapita kwa osewera chifukwa cha zomverera zonse zomwe tidakumana nazo pamene mudathamangitsa kufunafuna kwa masiku awiri osagona komanso kusiya ntchito.
Zolemba zina zokhudzana ndi kufunafuna kuwononga seva
Source: www.habr.com