Chaka chatha, State Duma idaganizira ndikutengera ndalama zambiri zokhudzana ndi IT. Zina mwazo ndi lamulo la RuNet lodziyimira pawokha, lamulo lokhazikitsa pulogalamu yaku Russia, yomwe iyamba kugwira ntchito chilimwe chino, ndi ena. Njira zatsopano zamalamulo zili m'njira. Zina mwa izo ndi mabilu atsopano, ogometsa kale, ndi akale, omwe aiwalika kale. Cholinga cha opanga malamulo ndikupanga mabanki a data omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha anthu aku Russia, chizindikiritso cha olembetsa ndi zifukwa zatsopano zotsekera malo.
Mabanki a data aku Russia
Atsogoleri akukonzekera kulingalira mabilu angapo chaka chino pamabanki a data ndi chidziwitso cha anthu aku Russia.
Pali bili ziwiri zomwe zimayang'anira kusonkhanitsa ma biometric ndi mabungwe azachuma (mabanki), kusonkhanitsa komwe sikunakwaniritsidwe ndi mabanki chaka chatha. Choyamba asintha Lamulo la Federal "Pazinthu zazing'onoting'ono ndi mabungwe azandalama zazing'ono" komanso limaletsa mabungwe azachuma pang'ono kupereka ngongole popanda kuzindikiritsa makasitomala pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiritso chogwirizana ndi njira yotsimikizira ndi njira yolumikizana ya biometric. Izi zimachitika pofuna kuthana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso za anthu ena popeza ma microloans.
Zina adalandiridwa kale m'kuwerenga koyamba. Ikusintha Lamulo la Federal "Pa Kuthana ndi Kuvomerezeka (Kugulitsa) Zopeza Kuchokera ku Upandu ndi Kupereka Ndalama Zauchigawenga" ndikuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zamabungwe angongole pakutolera zidziwitso za biometric komanso kuzindikiritsa zakutali.
Kuphatikiza apo, posachedwa akukonzekera kulingalira pakuwerenga kwachiwiri imodzi mwamabilu apamwamba kwambiri a chaka chatha - . Amene anayambitsa biluyi ndi boma. Zina mwa zolinga zomwe zanenedwa za kugwiritsa ntchito kaundula wa data wa anthu aku Russia ndi kupereka ntchito za boma, kuwunika misonkho, kutetezedwa kwa malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino, makhalidwe abwino komanso kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha dziko la Russia. Wogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi adzakhala ntchito yamisonkho.
Nayi ngongole . FSB ndi State Duma Committee on State Building and Legislation adalankhula motsutsana ndi biluyi momwe ilili pano, popeza siyikukambirana zachitetezo cha data kwa anthu aku Russia. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, Pulezidenti wakale Dmitry Medvedev adalamula kuti lamuloli likhazikitsidwe pamaso pa July 1, 2020. Mu ndondomeko ya ntchito ya State Duma, kulingalira kwake kukukonzekera May chaka chino, kotero ife kuyembekezera kusintha ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa bilu posachedwapa.
Mwachiwonekere, m'zaka zikubwerazi, zonse zomwe zilipo za anthu aku Russia zidzasonkhanitsidwa m'mabanki osiyanasiyana a mabungwe a boma ndi mabanki (biometric data). Mu 2018, ofesi yolembetsa yamagetsi yamagetsi idawonekera kale, ndipo nduna yathu yatsopano ikulimbikitsa kusungitsa deta yonse.
Chizindikiritso cha olembetsa
Mabilu ena angapo amaperekedwa kwa olembetsa. Chifukwa cha ena mwa iwo ndi chakuti izi ndizofunika kuthana ndi malipoti abodza a migodi. Pambuyo pa zigawenga za pa telefoni za December, mwayi woti ndalamazi zidutse wawonjezeka.
Zakonzedwa kuganizira pa udindo woyang'anira wa oyendetsa ntchito posintha nambala yolembetsa. Woyambitsa biluyo ndi Lyudmila Bokova. Bili iyi idayambitsidwa ku State Duma mu 2017. Pamapeto pake, ndemanga zambiri zidaperekedwa kwa izo, zomwe, komabe, sizisintha tanthauzo la biluyo, kotero ili ndi mwayi wovomerezeka, makamaka Bokova atakhala wachiwiri kwa nduna mu Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications. Kumeneko lero basi yambitsani "siginecha ya digito" kuti mutsimikizire oyimba.
Zina Lateral - pazovuta zoyang'anira zogulitsa ma SIM makadi popanda kumaliza mapangano olembetsa. Pogulitsa SIM pamanja "ndi munthu amene alibe ulamuliro kuchokera kwa woyendetsa telecom," akuyenera kulipira chindapusa cha ma ruble 2 mpaka 200. Oyambitsa biliyo akufuna kuthamangitsa nzika zakunja ku Russian Federation chifukwa chamilandu yotere, koma boma pomaliza lidawona izi kukhala zosafunikira, pomwe likuchirikiza biluyo. Boma lidawonetsanso kuti apolisi safunikira ntchito yowonjezereka, ndipo apolisi azilemba malipoti okhudza kugulitsa ma SIM khadi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.
Wina , yogwirizana ndi SIM (inde, olemba ake akuphatikizapo Bokova) ndi bilu yokhoza kuzindikira malo a olembetsa popanda chilolezo cha khoti. Oyambitsa biliyi akutsindika kuti izi ndizofunikira pofufuza anthu omwe akusowa. Bhonasi pamalingaliro ozindikiritsa olembetsa popanda chigamulo cha khothi ndi lingaliro lokakamiza ogwiritsa ntchito ma telecom kuti asunge zidziwitso zonse za ogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zawo kwa zaka zitatu, kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwira ntchito yosaka.
Maloko
Chaka chilichonse ku Russia zifukwa zatsopano zotsekera masamba zimawonekera. Mabilu angapo ali kale m'njira.
Opanga malamulo amalingalira ndi chinyengo mumsika wachuma pa pempho la Central Bank. Banki Yaikulu idzatha kuyambitsa kutsekereza kopanda chilungamo pambuyo poti malowa aphatikizidwa mu kaundula wapadera. Akukonzekera kuletsa malo a obwereketsa osaloledwa, mapiramidi azandalama ndi masamba achinyengo. Ngati Banki Yaikulu ipeza masamba omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokhudza njira zowonongera mabanki, ndiye, malinga ndi biluyo, iyenera kupita kukhoti kuti itseke malowa.
Komanso kupereka ndi zipangizo zochitira nkhanza nyama. Biliyo imapereka mwayi woletsa kuyesa kusanachitike. Malinga ndi oyambitsa, izi ndizofunikira kuti tipewe kuvulaza thanzi la anthu opanda malire. Ndalama zowonjezera zandalamayi ndi ma ruble 9 miliyoni.
Ntchito ina - za kuletsa zidziwitso pamasamba ochezera potengera zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito (omwe, kwenikweni, malo ochezera a pawokha amachita). Apa akufuna kukakamiza ogwira ntchito pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, omwe ali ndi oposa 100 zikwi ogwiritsa ntchito ku Russia patsiku, kuti atseke, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu ogwiritsira ntchito, chidziwitso chomwe chimayambitsa chidani, ndi zina zotero. Baibulo loyambirira la bilu linanena za ogwiritsa ntchito 2 miliyoni aku Russia omwe amafunikira kuti lamuloli likhudze ntchito ya malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, koma kwa aphungu athu aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito ku Russia ndi wofunikira, kotero chiwerengerocho chinachepetsedwa.
Komanso chaka chino tiyenera kuganizira za kuletsa maimelo ndi ogwiritsa ntchito amithenga pompopompo, koma State Duma Committee on State Construction and Legislation yawonetsa kale kusagwirizana ndi lingaliroli. Munthu akhoza kuyembekezera kuti biluyi sidzaperekedwa.
Katundu wandalama wa digito
Biliyo ikuyenera kulandiridwa mu gawo la masika . Izi zidanenedwa posachedwa ndi Purezidenti wa State Duma Committee pa Market Market. Izi zisanachitike, kulingalira kwa biluyo kudayimitsidwa kangapo. Zolemba za biluyo zilibe lingaliro la "cryptocurrency," ndipo mtundu wake wapano umaletsa kuperekedwa kwa ma tokeni omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulipira.
Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, asanasankhidwe paudindowu, adanenanso kuti kugulitsa ndi cryptocurrency kuyenera kulipidwa. Mwina m'tsogolomu tidzawona bilu pamisonkho yamalonda ndi chuma cha digito.
Ufulu
Zaperekedwa pachitetezo cha kukopera ndi ufulu wokhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zagawidwa mu "mapulogalamu apulogalamu". Mwiniwake wa copyright adzatha kutumiza zidziwitso zakuphwanyidwa kwa ufulu wake kwa omwe akuchititsa kapena mwiniwake wa pulogalamu ya pakompyuta. Ngati woperekayo anyalanyaza pempholo, lidzatumizidwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito telecom.
Bili iyi iyenera kuganiziridwa mu Marichi. Boma poyankha lidafuna kuti limalizidwe, chifukwa pakufunika njira zodziwira mwiniwake wa pulogalamuyo komanso chifukwa chandalama komanso zachuma.
Siginecha yamagetsi
Atsogoleri akukonzekeranso kuganizira za biluyo pakuwerenga kwachiwiri ponena za kufotokoza zifukwa zochotsera chiphaso choyenerera. Pakadali pano, satifiketi yosainira ikusiya kugwira ntchito ngati kuvomerezeka kwa malo omwe adapereka kutha. Biliyo iyenera kuthetsa vutoli.
Source: www.habr.com