Philips player prototype, magazini ya Elektuur No. 188, June 1979,
Compact disc ili ndi zaka 40, ndipo kwa ife omwe tikukumbukira momwe idayambira, ikadali kupambana kosamvetsetseka kwaukadaulo wapamwamba ngakhale sing'angayo idaphimbidwa ndi kuukira kwa ntchito zotsatsira.
Ngati mungafune kudziwa nthawi yomwe ukadaulo wa digito udayamba kusintha ukadaulo wa analogi mumagetsi ogula, zitha kukhala mawonekedwe a CD. Pakatikati mwa zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri, zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zinali zofunika kwambiri zinali chojambulira mavidiyo a analogi ndi wailesi ya CB, koma ndi kutulutsidwa kwa makompyuta oyambirira apanyumba ndi osewera laser, maloto a omwe akuyesetsa kukhala "pamphepete mwa mafunde" anasintha mwadzidzidzi. . Chosewerera ma CD chidakhala chida choyambirira chapanyumba chokhala ndi, ngakhale chaching'ono, laser chenicheni, chomwe chinkawoneka ngati chinthu chosangalatsa, chabwino, chopanda pake. Masiku ano, matekinoloje atsopano omwe amalowa pamsika satulutsa zotsatira zotere: amawonedwa ngati chinthu chomwe chimawonekera ndikuzimiririka "mwanjira yakeyake."
Kodi anachokera kuti?
"Miyendo" yamtunduwu inakula kuchokera ku njira zamakono zojambulira mavidiyo a nthawi imeneyo, zomwe opanga adafunanso kuti azitha kujambula bwino kwambiri. Sony anayesa kusintha chojambulira chamavidiyo kuti ajambule mawu a digito, ndipo Philips anayesa kujambula mawu mu mawonekedwe a analogi pa ma disc owoneka, ofanana ndi omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kusunga kanema. Kenako mainjiniya ochokera m'mabungwe onsewa adafika pakuwona kuti ndikwabwino kujambula pa disc ya kuwala, koma mu mawonekedwe a digito. Masiku ano izi βkomaβ zikuoneka ngati zikudziwikiratu, koma kalelo sizinadziwike nthawi yomweyo. Atapanga mitundu iwiri yosagwirizana koma yofanana kwambiri, Sony ndi Philips adayamba kugwirira ntchito limodzi, ndipo pofika chaka cha 1979 adayambitsa ma prototypes a wosewera mpira ndi diski ya 120mm yokhala ndi mawu opitilira ola la 16-bit stereo pamlingo wa 44,1 kHz. M'mabuku odziwika bwino a sayansi ndi ma periodics, ukadaulo watsopano udanenedwa kuti ndi wodabwitsa wamtsogolo, kukokomeza kuthekera kwake. Makanema apawailesi yakanema analonjeza kuti ma disc amenewa βadzakhala osawonongekaβ powayerekeza ndi ma vinyl rekodi, zomwe zinawonjezera chidwi mwa iwo. Wosewera wothamanga kwambiri wa Philips, wonyezimira ndi siliva, adawoneka wodabwitsa, koma zitsanzo zoyambirira za zida izi zidagunda mashelufu a sitolo mu 1982.
Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Ngakhale ogwiritsa ntchito ankaganiza kuti mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito CD player inali yovuta kwambiri komanso yosamvetsetseka, kwenikweni, zonse ndizosavuta komanso zomveka bwino. Makamaka poyerekeza ndi ma VCR a analogi omwe ambiri mwa osewerawa amakhala pafupi nawo. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu, pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha chipangizo cha PCD, adafotokozeranso mitu yambiri kwa akatswiri opanga zamagetsi. Pa nthawi imeneyo, ambiri ankadziwa kale mtundu uwu, koma si aliyense angakwanitse kugula player wotere.
Mutu wowerengedwa wa CD drive uli ndi magawo ochepa osuntha modabwitsa. Module, yomwe imaphatikizapo gwero ndi wolandira, imasunthidwa ndi injini yamagetsi yaing'ono kudzera mu gear nyongolotsi. Laser ya IR imawala kukhala prism yomwe imawonetsa mtengowo pakona ya 90 Β°. Magalasi amawayang'ana, ndiyeno, akuwonekera kuchokera ku diski, amabwereranso kudzera mu lens lomwelo kupita ku prism, koma nthawi ino sasintha njira yake ndikufikira ma photodiode anayi. Makina owunikira amakhala ndi maginito ndi ma windings. Ndi kutsata koyenera komanso kuyang'ana bwino, kuchulukira kwambiri kwa ma radiation kumatheka pakati pa gululo; kuphwanya kutsatira kumayambitsa kusamuka kwa malowo, ndipo kuphwanya kuyang'ana kumayambitsa kukula kwake. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasintha malo a mutu wowerengera, kuyang'ana ndi liwiro, kotero kuti zotsatira zake ndi chizindikiro cha analogi, chomwe deta ya digito ikhoza kuchotsedwa pa liwiro lofunika.
Kuwerenga mutu chipangizo ndi mafotokozedwe,
Ma bits amaphatikizidwa kukhala mafelemu, komwe kusinthidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula , zomwe zimakulolani kuti mupewe ziro limodzi ndi zina, mwachitsanzo, kutsatizana 000100010010000100 kumakhala 111000011100000111. Pambuyo podutsa mafelemu patebulo loyang'ana, mtsinje wa 16-bit umapezeka, ndikuwongolera Reed-Solomon ndikufika pa DAC. Ngakhale opanga osiyanasiyana apanga kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa dongosololi pazaka zaposachedwa kwa mawonekedwe, gawo lalikulu la chipangizocho linakhalabe losavuta kwambiri lamagetsi amagetsi.
Ndiyeno nβchiyani chinamuchitikira?
M'zaka za m'ma nineties, mawonekedwewo adasintha kuchoka ku zosangalatsa ndi zolemekezeka kukhala zazikulu. Osewera atsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo mitundu yonyamula yalowa pamsika. Osewera ma disc anayamba kuchotsa osewera makaseti m'matumba. Zomwezo zinachitika ndi ma CD-ROM, ndipo mu theka lachiwiri la zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi zinali zovuta kulingalira PC yatsopano popanda CD yoyendetsa ndi multimedia encyclopedia. Vist 1000HM inalinso chimodzimodzi - kompyuta yowoneka bwino yokhala ndi masipika ophatikizidwa mu monila, cholandirira VHF ndi kiyibodi ya IR yophatikizika yokhala ndi zokometsera zomangidwira, zokumbutsa za chiwongolero chachikulu cha malo oimba. Ambiri, adafuula ndi maonekedwe ake onse kuti malo ake sanali muofesi, koma m'chipinda chochezera, ndipo anali kunena za malo omwe ali ndi nyimbo. Idatsagana ndi chimbale chochokera ku gulu la Nautilus Pompilius chokhala ndi nyimbo zamafayilo anayi amtundu wa WAV omwe adatenga malo ochepa. Panalinso zida zapadera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma CD ngati malo osungiramo deta, mwachitsanzo, Philips CD-i ndi Commodore Amiga CDTV, komanso osewera a Video CD, Sega Mega CD chipangizo cha Mega Drive/Genesis consoles, 3DO consoles ndi Play. Station (yoyamba) ...
Commodore Amiga CDTV,
Kompyuta ya Vist Black Jack II, yomwe ikuwoneka mosiyana ndi Vist 1000HM,
Ndipo pamene ena, kutsatira olemera, ankadziwa zonsezi, mutu watsopano unali pa ndandanda: luso kujambula ma CD kunyumba. Zinamvekanso ngati nthano zasayansi. Eni ake okondwa ochepa a ma drive amawotchera anayesa kuwalipirira potumiza zotsatsa: "Ndipanga zosunga zobwezeretsera za hard drive yanu pa CD, motsika mtengo." Izi zidayenderana ndi kubwera kwa mtundu wa MP3 wothinikizidwa, ndipo osewera oyamba a MPMan ndi Diamond Rio adatulutsidwa. Koma adagwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira kwamitengo yotsika mtengo panthawiyo, koma CD ya Lenoxx MP-786 idakhala yopambana kwambiri - ndipo idawerenga bwino ma disks odzilemba okha komanso okonzeka omwe ali ndi mafayilo a MP3. Napster ndi zida zofananira posakhalitsa zidagwera makampani ojambulira, omwe, nthawi imodzi, anali kuyang'ana mawonekedwe atsopanowo. Mmodzi wa woyamba chiphatso zimbale MP3 anamasulidwa ndi gulu "Crematorium", ndipo nthawi zambiri ankamvera pa wosewera mpira. Ndipo womasulira ngakhale kamodzi anali ndi mwayi wokwera mkati mwa mmodzi wa osewerawa ndikukonza cholakwika chomwe chinapangitsa kuti chimbale chikhudze chivindikirocho. Kutulutsa kwa Apple kwa ma iPod oyamba, komwe kunapangitsa kuti zitheke kugula ma Albums kudzera pa mawonekedwe osavuta pakompyuta, kudapangitsa osindikiza nyimbo kuti achoke polimbana ndi ma audio ophatikizika ndikupeza phindu kwa iwo. Kenako foni yamakonoyi idatsala pang'ono kuyika osewera a MP3 kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachangu kuposa momwe adasinthira kale ma CD, pomwe ma vinilu ndi makaseti akutsitsimutsidwa. Kodi CD yafa? Mwina ayi, popeza kupanga ma drive onse ndi media sikunathe. Ndipo ndizotheka kuti funde latsopano la nostalgia lidzatsitsimutsa mtundu uwu.
Source: www.habr.com