Kupitiliza mutuwu , tiyeni tione vuto la masamu chitsanzo kuchokera mbali ina. Titatsimikizira kuti chitsanzocho chikugwirizana ndi choonadi cha moyo wapakhomo, tikhoza kuyankha funso lalikulu: "Kodi tili ndi chiyani kuno?" Popanga chitsanzo cha chinthu chaumisiri, nthawi zambiri timafuna kuonetsetsa kuti chinthu ichi chidzakwaniritsa zomwe tikuyembekezera. Pachifukwa ichi, kuwerengera kosinthika kwa njira kumachitika ndipo zotsatira zake zimafananizidwa ndi zofunikira. Awa ndi mapasa adijito, fanizo lodziwika bwino, ndi zina zambiri. anyamata ang'onoang'ono owoneka bwino omwe, pamlingo wopanga, amathetsa vuto la momwe angatsimikizire kuti tapeza zomwe tidakonza.
Kodi tingatsimikize bwanji kuti dongosolo lathu ndi momwe timapangira, kodi mapangidwe athu adzawuluka kapena kuyandama? Ndipo ngati iwuluka, ikwera bwanji? Ndipo ngati icho chiyandama, chakuya bwanji?
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za automation ya kutsimikizira kutsatiridwa ndi zofunikira za nyumba yaukadaulo popanga zitsanzo zamphamvu zamakina aukadaulo. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mfundo zaukadaulo za makina oziziritsira ndege.
Timalingalira zofunikira zomwe zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi nambala ndikutsimikiziridwa masamu potengera chitsanzo cha kuwerengera. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ichi ndi gawo lokha la zofunikira zonse za dongosolo lililonse laumisiri, koma ndikuyang'ana kuti timathera nthawi, mitsempha ndi ndalama pakupanga zitsanzo zamphamvu za chinthucho.
Pofotokoza zofunikira zaukadaulo mu mawonekedwe a chikalata, mitundu ingapo ya zofunikira zosiyanasiyana imatha kusiyanitsa, iliyonse yomwe imafunikira njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira kutsimikizira kokwanira kwa zofunikira.
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani kagawo kakang'ono koma kowona kameneka:
- Kutentha kwa mpweya wa mumlengalenga pakhomo la njira yopangira madzi:
m'malo oimika magalimoto - kuchokera pa 35 mpaka 35 ΒΊΠ‘,
pakuthawa - kuchokera kuchotsera 35 mpaka 39 ΒΊΠ‘. - Kuthamanga kwa static kwa mpweya wa mumlengalenga mukuuluka kumachokera ku 700 mpaka 1013 GPa (kuchokera 526 mpaka 760 mm Hg).
- Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wonse pakhomo la mpweya wa SVO mukuthawa kumachokera ku 754 mpaka 1200 GPa (kuchokera 566 mpaka 1050 mm Hg).
- Kuzizira kwa mpweya:
m'malo oimika magalimoto - osapitirira 27 ΒΊΠ‘, pazitsulo zamakono - zosapitirira 29 ΒΊΠ‘,
pothawa - osapitirira 25 ΒΊΠ‘, pazitsulo zamakono - zosapitirira 27 ΒΊΠ‘. - Kuzizira kwa mpweya:
poyimitsidwa - osachepera 708 kg / h,
pa ndege - osachepera 660 kg / h. - Kutentha kwa mpweya m'zipinda za zida sikudutsa 60 ΒΊΠ‘.
- Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chabwino chaulere mumpweya wozizirira sikuposa 2 g/kg ya mpweya wouma.
Ngakhale mkati mwazofunikira zochepazi, pali magulu awiri omwe akuyenera kusamaliridwa mosiyana mu dongosolo:
- zofunikira pazikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito (ndime 1-3);
- Zofunikira pa dongosolo (ndime 3-7).
Zofunikira zogwirira ntchito pamakina
Mikhalidwe yakunja kwa dongosolo lomwe likupangidwa panthawi yachitsanzo lingatchulidwe ngati malire a malire kapena chifukwa cha ntchito ya dongosolo lonse.
Pakufananiza kosinthika, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zafotokozedwazo zikuphatikizidwa ndi njira yofananira.
Zofunikira za Parametric system
Zofunikira izi ndi magawo operekedwa ndi dongosolo lokha. Panthawi yachitsanzo, titha kupeza magawowa ngati zotsatira zowerengera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zofunikira zimakwaniritsidwa pakuwerengera kulikonse.
Zofunika chizindikiritso ndi coding
Kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito ndi zofunikira, miyezo yomwe ilipo imalimbikitsa kupatsa chizindikiritso pachofunikira chilichonse. Popereka zozindikiritsa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito makina ophatikizira ogwirizana.
Khodi yofunikira ikhoza kukhala nambala chabe yomwe imayimira nambala yofunikira, kapena ikhoza kukhala ndi nambala yamtundu wa zofunikira, nambala ya dongosolo kapena gawo lomwe ikugwirira ntchito, nambala ya parameter, nambala yamalo, ndi china chilichonse injiniya angaganize. (onani nkhani yogwiritsa ntchito encoding)
Gulu 1 limapereka chitsanzo chosavuta cha zolemba zofunikira.
- code ya gwero la zofunika R-zofunika TK;
- code mtundu wa zofunika E - zofunika - magawo chilengedwe, kapena mmene ntchito
S - zofunikira zoperekedwa ndi dongosolo; - nambala ya ndege 0 - iliyonse, G - yoyimitsidwa, F - pakuuluka;
- chizindikiro chamtundu wamtundu T - kutentha, P - kuthamanga, G - kuthamanga, chinyezi H;
- serial nambala yofunikira.
| ID amafuna |
mafotokozedwe | chizindikiro |
| REGT01 | Kutentha kwa mpweya wozungulira pakhomo la madzi ozizira: m'malo oimika magalimoto - kuchokera ku minus 35ΒΊΠ‘. mpaka 35 ΒΊΠ‘. | |
| REFT01 | Kutentha kwa mpweya wa mumlengalenga pakhomo la chitetezo cha mpweya: pothawa - kuchokera ku 35 ΒΊΠ‘ mpaka 39 ΒΊΠ‘. | |
| REFP01 | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wokhazikika mumlengalenga kumachokera ku 700 mpaka 1013 hPa (kuchokera 526 mpaka 760 mm Hg). | |
| REFP02 | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wonse pakhomo la mpweya wa SVO mukuthawa kumachokera ku 754 mpaka 1200 hPa (kuchokera 566 mpaka 1050 mm Hg). | |
| RSGT01 | Kutentha kwa mpweya wozizira: mukayimitsidwa osapitirira 27 ΒΊΠ‘ | |
| RSGT02 | Kutentha kwa mpweya wozizira: m'malo oimika magalimoto, pamayunitsi aukadaulo osapitilira 29 ΒΊΠ‘ | |
| RSFT01 | Kuzizira kwa mpweya mu ndege sikudutsa 25 ΒΊΠ‘ | |
| RSFT02 | Kutentha kwa mpweya wozizira: pakuuluka, kwa mayunitsi aukadaulo osapitilira 27 ΒΊΠ‘ | |
| RSGG01 | Kuyenda kwa mpweya wozizira: pamene wayimitsidwa osachepera 708 kg/h | |
| RSFG01 | Kuyenda kwa mpweya wozizira: mu ndege osachepera 660 kg / h | |
| Mtengo wa RS0T01 | Kutentha kwa mpweya m'zipinda za zida sikudutsa 60 ΒΊΠ‘ | |
| Mtengo wa RSH01 | Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chaulere mumpweya wozizira sikuposa 2 g/kg ya mpweya wouma |
Zofunika kutsimikizira dongosolo kamangidwe.
Pachifuniro chilichonse cha mapangidwe pali algorithm yowunika mayendedwe a mapangidwe apangidwe ndi magawo omwe afotokozedwa pakufunika. Mwambiri, dongosolo lililonse lowongolera nthawi zonse limakhala ndi ma aligorivimu kuti muwone zofunikira mwachisawawa. Ndipo ngakhale wowongolera aliyense ali nawo. Ngati kutentha kumapitirira malire, mpweya wozizira umayatsa. Chifukwa chake, gawo loyamba la malamulo aliwonse ndikuwunika ngati magawo akukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Ndipo popeza kutsimikizira ndi algorithm, ndiye kuti titha kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mapulogalamu owongolera. Mwachitsanzo, chilengedwe cha SimInTech chimakupatsani mwayi wopanga ma projekiti omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana achitsanzo, opangidwa ngati ma projekiti osiyana (chitsanzo cha chinthu, mtundu wowongolera, mtundu wa chilengedwe, ndi zina).
Ntchito yotsimikizira zofunikira pankhaniyi imakhala pulojekiti yomweyi ya algorithm ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi phukusi lachitsanzo. Ndipo mumayendedwe osinthika amawunikiranso kuti azitsatira zofunikira zaukadaulo.
Chitsanzo chotheka cha kamangidwe kadongosolo chikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 1. Chitsanzo cha mapangidwe a polojekiti yotsimikizira.
Mofanana ndi ma algorithms owongolera, zofunikira zitha kupangidwa ngati ma sheet. Kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito ndi ma aligorivimu m'malo opangira mawonekedwe monga SimInTech, Simulink, AmeSim, kuthekera kopanga mapangidwe amitundu yambiri m'ma submodels amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Bungweli limapangitsa kuti pakhale zotheka kugawa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana m'maseti kuti muchepetse ntchito ndi zinthu zambiri, monga momwe zimachitikira kuwongolera ma aligorivimu (onani mkuyu 2).
Chithunzi 2. Mapangidwe a hierarchical a zofunikira zotsimikizira chitsanzo.
Mwachitsanzo, pa nkhani yomwe ikuganiziridwa, magulu awiri amasiyanitsidwa: zofunikira pa chilengedwe ndi zofunikira mwachindunji pa dongosolo. Choncho, ndondomeko ya deta yamagulu awiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito: magulu awiri, omwe ali ndi tsamba la algorithm.
Kulumikiza deta ku chitsanzo, ndondomeko yokhazikika yopangira database ya chizindikiro imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imasunga deta kuti isinthe pakati pa magawo a polojekiti.
Popanga ndi kuyesa mapulogalamu, zowerengera za masensa (analogues of real system sensors) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dongosolo lolamulira zimayikidwa mu database iyi.
Pantchito yoyeserera, magawo aliwonse omwe amawerengedwa mumtundu wosinthika amatha kusungidwa m'dawunilodi yomweyo ndipo motero amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika ngati zofunikira zikukwaniritsidwa.
Pachifukwa ichi, chitsanzo chosinthika chokha chikhoza kuchitidwa mu dongosolo lililonse la masamu kapena ngakhale ngati pulogalamu yotheka. Chofunikira chokha ndi kukhalapo kwa mapulogalamu olumikizirana kuti apereke deta yofananira ku chilengedwe chakunja.
Chithunzi 3. Kulumikiza polojekiti yotsimikizira ku chitsanzo chovuta.
Chitsanzo cha pepala lotsimikizira zofunikira zimaperekedwa mu Chithunzi 4. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga mapulogalamu, ndi chithunzi chowerengetsera chachizolowezi chomwe ma algorithm otsimikizira zofunikira amawonetsedwa.
Chithunzi 4. Zofunikira cheke pepala.
Zigawo zazikulu za pepala loyang'ana zikufotokozedwa mu Chithunzi 5. Chiwongolero cha cheke chimapangidwa mofanana ndi zojambula zojambula za ma algorithms olamulira. Kumbali yakumanja pali chipika chowerengera ma sign kuchokera ku database. Chida ichi chimafikira database yazizindikiro panthawi yoyeserera.
Zizindikiro zolandilidwa zimawunikidwa kuti ziwerengetsere zofunikira zotsimikizira. Pachifukwa ichi, kufufuza kwamtunda kumachitika kuti mudziwe malo a ndege (kaya yayimitsidwa kapena ikuuluka). Pachifukwa ichi, mungagwiritse ntchito zizindikiro zina ndi magawo owerengeka a chitsanzo.
Mikhalidwe yotsimikizira ndi magawo omwe akuwunikiridwa amasamutsidwa ku midadada yotsimikizika, momwe magawowa amawunikidwa kuti atsatire zomwe zanenedwa. Zotsatira zimalembedwa mu database ya chizindikiro m'njira yoti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndandanda.
Chithunzi 5. Mapangidwe a zofunikira zotsimikizira kuwerengera pepala.
Magawo oyesedwa sagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zomwe zili mu database, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi magawo owerengedwera panthawi yoyerekezera. Palibe chomwe chimatilepheretsa kuchita mawerengedwe owonjezera mkati mwazofunikira, monga momwe timawerengera zotsimikizira.
Mwachitsanzo, chofunika ichi:
Chiwerengero cha ma activation a dongosolo lokonzekera paulendo wopita ku chandamale sichiyenera kupitirira 5, ndipo nthawi yonse yogwiritsira ntchito dongosolo lokonzekera sayenera kupitirira masekondi a 30.
Pankhaniyi, algorithm yowerengera kuchuluka kwa zoyambira ndi nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito imawonjezedwa pazithunzi zopangira zofunika.
Zofunika zenizeni chipika chotsimikizira.
Bokosi lililonse loyang'anira zofunikira limapangidwa kuti liwerengere kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamtundu wina. Mwachitsanzo, zofunika zachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha komwe kumayendera mukayimitsidwa komanso pakuuluka. Chigawochi chiyenera kulandira kutentha kwa mpweya mu chitsanzo monga parameter ndikuwona ngati chizindikirochi chikuphimba kutentha komwe kwatchulidwa./p>
Chidacho chili ndi madoko awiri olowera, param ndi chikhalidwe.
Yoyamba imadyetsedwa ndi parameter ikufufuzidwa. Pankhaniyi, "Kutentha kwakunja".
Kusintha kwa Boolean kumaperekedwa ku doko lachiwiri - momwe mungachitire cheke.
Ngati TRUE (1) ilandilidwa pakulowetsa kwachiwiri, ndiye kuti chipikacho chimawerengera zofunikira.
Ngati cholowetsa chachiwiri chikalandira ZABODZA (0), ndiye kuti zoyeserera sizinakwaniritsidwe. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mikhalidwe yowerengera iganizidwe. Kwa ife, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitheke kapena kulepheretsa cheke malingana ndi momwe chitsanzocho chilili. Ngati ndegeyo ili pansi panthawi yofananira, ndiye kuti zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kuthawa siziyang'aniridwa, ndipo mosiyana - ngati ndegeyo ikuthawa, ndiye kuti zofunikira zokhudzana ndi ntchito poyimilira sizifufuzidwa.
Kulowetsaku kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pokhazikitsa chitsanzo, mwachitsanzo pa gawo loyambirira la kuwerengera. Chitsanzocho chikabweretsedwa m'malo ofunikira, ma check blocks amalephereka, koma dongosolo likangofika pamayendedwe ofunikira, ma check blocks amatsegulidwa.
Ma parameter a block iyi ndi awa:
- malire a malire: kumtunda (UpLimit) ndi kutsika (DownLimit) malire omwe ayenera kufufuzidwa;
- nthawi yowonekera pamakina am'malire (TimeInterval) mumasekondi;
- Pemphani ID ReqName;
- kuloledwa kupyola mulingo wa Out_range ndi kusintha kwa Boolean komwe kumatsimikizira ngati mtengo wopitilira mulingo womwe watsimikizidwa ndikuphwanya zofunika.
Nthawi zina, mtengo woyeserera ukuwonetsa kuti makinawo ali ndi malire ndipo mwina akugwira ntchito kunja kwa momwe amagwirira ntchito. Nthawi zina, kutulutsa kumatanthauza kuti dongosolo silingathe kusunga ma setpoints mkati mwawo.
Chithunzi 6: Chowonadi choyendera katundu pazithunzi ndi magawo ake.
Chifukwa cha kuwerengera kwa chipikachi, kusinthika kwa Result kumapangidwa pazotulutsa, zomwe zimatengera izi:
- 0 - rPalibe, mtengo sunafotokozedwe;
- 1 - rChachitika, chofunikira chikukwaniritsidwa;
- 2 - rFault, chofunikira sichikukwaniritsidwa.
Chithunzi cha block chili ndi:
- mawu ozindikiritsa;
- mawonetsedwe a digito a magawo a malire a miyeso;
- chozindikiritsa mtundu cha mawonekedwe a parameter.
Mkati mwa chipikacho pakhoza kukhala cholozera cholozera chovuta kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa unit yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 6, dera lamkati likuwonetsedwa Chithunzi 7.
Chithunzi 7. Chithunzi chamkati cha chiwerengero cha kutentha kwa kutentha.
M'kati mwa chigawo chozungulira, katundu wotchulidwa muzitsulo za block amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuphatikiza pa kusanthula kutsatiridwa ndi zofunikira, chithunzi chamkati cha chipikacho chili ndi graph yofunikira kuwonetsa zotsatira zofananira. Grafuyi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito powonera powerengera komanso posanthula zotsatira mutatha kuwerengera.
Zotsatira zowerengera zimaperekedwa ku zotsatira za chipikacho ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimalembedwa mu fayilo ya lipoti lalikulu, lomwe limapangidwa potengera zotsatira za polojekiti yonse. (Onani mkuyu 8)
Chitsanzo cha lipoti lopangidwa kutengera zotsatira zofananira ndi fayilo ya html yopangidwa molingana ndi mtundu womwe wapatsidwa. Mtunduwu ukhoza kusinthidwa mosasamala kuti ukhale wovomerezeka ndi bungwe linalake.
M'kati mwa chigawo chozungulira, katundu wotchulidwa muzitsulo za block amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuphatikiza pa kusanthula kutsatiridwa ndi zofunikira, chithunzi chamkati cha chipikacho chili ndi graph yofunikira kuwonetsa zotsatira zofananira. Grafuyi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito powonera powerengera komanso posanthula zotsatira mutatha kuwerengera.
Zotsatira zowerengera zimaperekedwa ku zotsatira za chipikacho ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimalembedwa mu fayilo ya lipoti lalikulu, lomwe limapangidwa potengera zotsatira za polojekiti yonse. (Onani mkuyu 8)
Chitsanzo cha lipoti lopangidwa kutengera zotsatira zofananira ndi fayilo ya html yopangidwa molingana ndi mtundu womwe wapatsidwa. Mtunduwu ukhoza kusinthidwa mosasamala kuti ukhale wovomerezeka ndi bungwe linalake.
Chithunzi 8. Chitsanzo cha fayilo ya lipoti yotengera zotsatira zofananira.
Mu chitsanzo ichi, fomu ya lipoti imakonzedwa mwachindunji muzinthu za polojekiti, ndipo mawonekedwe omwe ali patebulo amaikidwa ngati zizindikiro za polojekiti yapadziko lonse. Pankhaniyi, SimInTech yokha imathetsa vuto lokhazikitsa lipoti, ndipo chipika cholembera zotsatira ku fayilo chimagwiritsa ntchito mizere iyi kulembera fayilo ya lipoti.
Chithunzi 9. Kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe a lipoti mu zizindikiro za polojekiti yapadziko lonse
Kugwiritsa ntchito database yazizindikiro pazofunikira.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi makonzedwe a katundu, dongosolo lokhazikika limapangidwa mu database ya chizindikiro cha block iliyonse. (Onani mkuyu 10)
Chithunzi 10. Chitsanzo cha kapangidwe ka cheke chofunikira mu database yazizindikiro.
Signal database imapereka:
- Kusunga magawo onse ofunikira a dongosolo.
- Kuyang'ana koyenera kwa zomwe zilipo kale zomwe polojekiti ikufuna kuchokera pazigawo zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi zotsatira zaposachedwa.
- Kukhazikitsa chipika chimodzi kapena gulu la midadada pogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cholembera. Zosintha mu nkhokwe yazizindikiro zimatsogolera kusintha kwamitengo ya block pazithunzi.
- Kusunga mafotokozedwe a mawu, maulalo kuzinthu zaukadaulo kapena zozindikiritsa mudongosolo loyang'anira zofunikira.
Ma signature database omwe amafunikira amatha kukonzedwa mosavuta kuti agwire ntchito ndi kasamalidwe kazofunikira ka gulu lachitatu.
Chithunzi 11. Chithunzi cha kuyanjana ndi dongosolo loyang'anira zofunikira.
Kuyenderana kwapakati pa projekiti yoyeserera ya SimInTech ndi dongosolo lowongolera zofunikira ndi motere:
- Zofunikira zimagawidwa kukhala zofunikira.
- Zofunikira zaukadaulo waukadaulo zimazindikirika zomwe zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndi masamu masamu aukadaulo.
- Makhalidwe azomwe asankhidwa amasamutsidwa ku database ya SimInTech mumayendedwe a midadada wamba (mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwakukulu komanso kochepa).
- Panthawi yowerengera, deta yamapangidwe imasamutsidwa ku zojambula zojambula, kusanthula kumachitika ndipo zotsatira zake zimasungidwa mu database ya chizindikiro.
- Mawerengedwewo akamaliza, zotsatira zowunikira zimasamutsidwa ku dongosolo loyang'anira zofunikira.
Zofunikira masitepe 3 mpaka 5 akhoza kubwerezedwa panthawi ya mapangidwe pamene kusintha kwa mapangidwe ndi / kapena zofunikira zikuchitika ndipo zotsatira za kusintha ziyenera kuyesedwanso.
Zotsatira.
- Chiwonetsero chopangidwa cha dongosololi chimapereka kuchepetsa kwakukulu pa nthawi yowunikira zitsanzo zomwe zilipo kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zaumisiri.
- Ukadaulo woyezetsa womwe waperekedwa umagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yomwe ilipo kale ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamitundu ina iliyonse, kuphatikiza zomwe sizinachitike m'malo a SimInTech.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito gulu la data la batch kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga ma phukusi otsimikizira zofunikira molingana ndi kukula kwachitsanzo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapaketiwa ngati chidziwitso chaukadaulo pakukula kwachitsanzo.
- Ukadaulo ukhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe oyang'anira zofunikira zomwe zilipo popanda ndalama zambiri.
Kwa iwo amene amawerenga mpaka kumapeto,
Source: www.habr.com