"Lingaliro lilibe phindu" - mwina aliyense wopanga masewera adamvapo mawu awa. Lingaliro ndi kukhazikitsa kokha ndizofunikira. Pokhapokha papepala kapena pakompyuta pomwe lingaliro limayamba kukhala ndi tanthauzo komanso mawonekedwe. Ndipo ndinadzifunsa: kodi pali mfundo zoyambira zosinthira lingaliro kukhala lingaliro?
Mkati mwake muli kumasulira kokhala ndi lingaliro lalifupi komanso malangizo othandiza kwa aliyense amene akuyembekezera kudzoza kapena sadziwa komwe angayambire.
Tengani cholembera ndi pepala, tiyeni tipite ku bizinesi. Pamene mukuwerenga nkhaniyi, lembani maganizo onse amene amabwera mβmaganizo mwanu. Ndikufunsa izi chifukwa ndikufuna kunena mfundo imodzi yofunika: mapangidwe amasewera ndi zomwe inu kuchita, osati zomwe zikunena mukuganiza. Kuti mukhale katswiri wogwira ntchito, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mumagwirira ntchito.
Ngati muli ndi kope latsopano, lembani masamba oyamba. Tsopano zonse zawonongedwa, wataya umphumphu wake wopatulika. Ikhoza kukhala ndi malingaliro oipa. Zabwino!
Pano pali lingaliro kwa inu: zonse zomwe zalembedwa za mapangidwe a masewera, ngati palibe malingaliro omveka bwino a wolemba, ndizopanda pake. Kodi mwamvetsa mfundo yake?
Inde, ndikuseka, osati mwachifundo. Pokhapokha ngati ndinu wasayansi yemwe ali ndi chidwi chofufuza kapangidwe ka masewera, zambiri zomwe zalembedwa sizingathandizire kuchitapo kanthu. Mabuku ndi zolemba zimaganiza kuti pali njira yolondola, chilinganizo, kapena chitsogozo chopangira masewera. Ndipotu, palibe amene akudziwa zomwe akuchita. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, kufunika kwa okonza ndi kuti amagwira ntchito mwapadera. Pali malingaliro ndi njira zambiri zosiyana, ndipo si aliyense wopanga masewera adzatha kuthetsa vuto linalake.
Ndikufuna kukuthandizani kupeza mawu anuanu ndi kalembedwe. Tiyeni tikambirane zofunikira kuti muthe kuchoka pakukhala munthu wamalingaliro kukhala wothetsa mavuto. Kukhala woyamba kumasangalatsa, koma chachiwiri kumalipidwa.
Nkhaniyi yagawidwa magawo awiri. Choyamba, ndimagawana nzeru zanga. Chachiwiri, ndikufotokozera zida zothandiza zomwe mungathe kukhazikitsa ntchito yanu. Ndikanakhala inu, ndikanadumpha gawo loyamba ndikupita lachiwiri kuti ndiyambe kuyeserera nthawi yomweyo. Koma, chodabwitsa, anthu ena amakonda mabuku ndi malingaliro.
Pali funso limodzi: chifukwa chiyani muwerenge nkhani ina yokhudza mapangidwe amasewera pomwe zambiri zalembedwa kale? Ngati musiya kuwerenga pakali pano, chonde kumbukirani zimenezo zolimbikitsa kwambiri, pa YouTube masewera, ndi zachitika kale pambuyo pake. Muyenera kugwira ntchito tsopano: yatsani kompyuta ndikuyamba kuchita bizinesi. Kudikirira kudzoza ndi njira yopanda phindu, yowononga mphamvu komanso yosadalirika.
Mukufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake sindimaganiza? Ndiye tiyeni tiyambe.
Gawo 1: Mapangidwe a Masewera = Yesetsani
Opanga masewera odziwa bwino amakhala ndi nthabwala. Ndi za ongoyamba kumene omwe ali ndi malingaliro odabwitsa amasewera omwe akufuna kupanga. Anyamatawa okha sadziwa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikuyenera kuchitidwa pa izi. Tonse tawerenga za munthu yemwe akufunafuna opanga mapulogalamu, ojambula ndi olemba nyimbo kuti apange MMORPG. Komabe, ali ndi ndime zingapo zokha zamasewera ofanana kwambiri ndi omwe amasewera.
Kumlingo wina, nthabwala imeneyi ikuwoneka ngati yoseketsa kwa ine, ndipo ndikugwirizana nayo. Zoonadi, malingaliro pawokha amakhala opanda pake ngati sakukwaniritsidwa, ngati sali achindunji mokwanira kapena ofunitsitsa kwambiri. Koma lingaliro lirilonse likhoza kukhala nugget yomwe wopanga adzapanga masewera abwino.
Koma malingaliro paokha sakhala maziko amphamvu okwanira pachitukuko. Iwo akhoza kukhala chiyambi chabwino. Chokhacho chofunikira ndikuti ndi lingaliro lomwe limakupangitsani kuti mutsike kukagwira ntchito. Samalani lingaliro ili: lingaliro limakukakamizani kuti mugwire ntchito. Ntchito yokhayo ilibe kanthu kochita nayo.
Palibe chifukwa choganizira za kapangidwe kamasewera.
Pokhapokha ngati cholinga chanu ndikuwononga nthawi. Kuganiza zosewera nthawi yomwe sikugwira ntchito sikumveka. Malingaliro ndi osamveka bwino ndipo angawoneke bwino m'mutu mwanu. Powalemba pamapepala, mumayamba kuona zofooka: pamene palibe zambiri, zomwe ziri zolakwika, ndi zina zotero. Nachi chitsanzo: Lingaliro loyambirira la nkhaniyi linali labwino kwambiri, ndipo yang'anani tsopano.
Zachidziwikire, simuyenera kuyimitsa malingaliro kuti atuluke m'mutu mwanu. Koma mukangoganiza kuti ndi zaphindu, zisintheni kukhala malingaliro.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani muzochita? Ndi zophweka: lembani malingaliro. Ndicho chimene mukufunikira cholembera ndi pepala. Ngati simunawatolebe, tengani masekondi angapo kuti mutero.
Malingaliro
Mukalemba malingaliro anu, mumakumana koyamba ndi chowonadi chosasangalatsa komanso chowawa: sizikuwoneka bwino pamapepala. Apa ndi pamene ntchito imayambira - kusintha maganizo Π² lingaliro.
Lingaliro ndi kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane lingaliro. Yesetsani kufotokozera zosintha zake zonse osapita mwatsatanetsatane. Khazikitsani zofunikira, mawonekedwe, maubwenzi, ndi zina zotero mpaka mutamvetsetsa kuti mwasokoneza malingaliro anu. Umu ndi momwe lingaliro loyambirira limakhalira.
Chitsanzo (kutengera )
Lingaliro: mutha kusewera tic-tac-toe munthawi yeniyeni
Lingaliro loyambirira: osewera amapatsidwa chizindikiro (X kapena O) ndikusankha yomwe mungayang'anire ndikukanikiza R kapena L pa gamepad. Zina zonse ndizofanana ndi masewera okhazikika a tic-tac-toe.
Mavuto:
- Kumveka bwino. Ndizovuta kudziwa chizindikiro chomwe mudzayang'aniranso.
- Osewera amatha kupezeka mwachangu, zomwe sizofunika.
Lingaliro lokonzedwa: Osewera amapatsidwa chizindikiro (X kapena O) ndikuwongolera dzanja lomwe mtundu wake umagwirizana ndi mtundu wa chizindikirocho. Iwo akhoza kutenga chizindikiro chilichonse. Zina zonse ndizofanana ndi masewera okhazikika a tic-tac-toe.
Lingaliro lokonzedwanso limathetsa kusakhazikika komanso kubweretsa kuwonekera kwa malamulo. Kuti ndipeze yankho, ndinayenera kufotokoza vutolo, kupanga fanizo, kuyesa mayeso ndikuwongolera lingalirolo.
kamangidwe
Kupanga ndikulongosola mwatsatanetsatane lingaliro. Mu sitepe iyi, mukufotokoza kukhazikitsidwa kwa zosinthika zonse. Pamene mukuphwanya gawo lililonse la lingaliro lanu, mudzapeza kuti mukufunsa mafunso ndikuyambiranso mavuto. Ndipo muyenera kuthana nawo kuti mumvetsetse bwino dongosolo lomwe mukuyesera kupanga.
Lingaliro labwino lapakati silidzatayika ku malingaliro atsopano. Zosiyana kwambiri. Yang'anani zomwe mapangidwe amakono akukupatsani, sinthani magawo ake, yang'anani motsatizana, sewera ndi magawo. Ndizotsika mtengo komanso zachangu. Kuwonetsa malingaliro atsopano kuti athetse mavuto omwe alipo kumapanga ntchito zambiri zowonjezera ndikuwonjezera mtengo wa ndondomekoyi. Koma mutha kungophwanya lingalirolo kukhala ma pixel omwe amasuntha pazenera.
Gawo 2: Zida
2.1 Kuwona
Mindmap
Kwa malingaliro
Mapu amalingaliro (kapena mapu amalingaliro) amathandizira kupanga malingaliro. Ndi zophweka: jambulani bwalo ndikulemba mfundo yosavuta mmenemo. Mwachitsanzo, "spaceship". Kenaka timajambula mzere, kulemba mawu ena okhudzana ndi oyambirira, ndi zina zotero. Pankhaniyi, "kuwombera" ndi "mafuta" ndi oyenera. Njira iyi imathandizira kuwona danga lamasewera lamasewera. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kumakanika kuti amvetsetse momwe amalumikizirana wina ndi mnzake.
Izi zimapanga mtengo wopanga. Kodi mgwirizano pakati pa nthambi zosiyanasiyana ndi wokhazikika bwanji? Chojambulacho chiyenera kukhala cholimba komanso chodalirika. Kupanda kutero pangakhale zinthu zambiri zosiyana ndi machitidwe odziyimira pawokha. Kodi mungawagwiritse ntchito? Kodi ali ndi zolinga zingati?
Za dongosolo
Lingaliro limakuthandizaninso kukonza malingaliro ndikuwona momwe zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimalumikizirana. Chiwonetsero chowonekera cha maubwenzi pakati pa zinthu zomwe zilipo kale ndi malo awo mu dongosolo limakupatsani mwayi wopanga malingaliro apangidwe. Yoyamba imaphatikizapo yachiwiri, yachiwiri ndi yachitatu, ndi zina zotero.
Kodi ubale wotero ndi wotero ndi wofunikira? Kodi ndizotheka kuchotsa zinthu zina popanda kukhudza masewerawa?
Pali zida zina zambiri zopangira malingaliro ndi kupanga mapu, koma opanga masewera amalimbana ndi kupanga lingaliro loyambirira mosavuta. Kudzoza kungapezeke kulikonse. Yambitsani masewera omwe mumakonda ndikupanga mapu amalingaliro ake. Bwanji ngati mutasinthana zinthu zina? Mwina pali masewera atsopano omwe mungafune kupanga? Kapena mudzapeza mbewu ya lingaliro latsopano? Musati mudikire kudzoza, pangani izo kubwera.
2.2 Kukonzekera
Zida izi zachokera zomveka masewera kapangidwe, zomwe Chris McEntry adalankhulapo . Koma nthawi zonse ndimakhala waulesi kuti ndimalize kuwerenga nkhani ndikusintha pang'ono mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwa pamenepo kuti zigwirizane bwino ndi ntchito yanga. Yesani kuchita chimodzimodzi.
tebulo
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Excel kapena chida china chilichonse kupanga matebulo otere. Gawo loyamba ndikuchepetsa makina athu onse kukhala mafotokozedwe osavuta. Kenaka timawawonjezera ku gawo loyamba. Timachita chimodzimodzi ndi mzere woyamba.
Ntchito apa ndi yosavuta. Muyenera kudutsa mizati ndikuwona mgwirizano ndi zinthu mumzere uliwonse. Timasanthula makaniko aliwonse ndikupeza kuphatikiza kwawo konse.
Panthawiyi, timalemba momwe makina athu amagwirira ntchito. Kodi n'zogwirizana? Kapena osati? Ndi mavuto ati omwe angabwere?
Njira yabwino kwambiri. Ngati makina atsopano awonekera, mutha kufananiza ndi zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito kale pamasewera. Ndipo mudzawona maubwenzi angati osangalatsa omwe amapanga. Ochepa kwambiri? Mwina sichiyenera kufotokozedwa? Mwasankha.
Monga nthawi zonse, muyenera kulemba zonse pansi kuti muwone momwe mumamvetsetsa dongosolo lanu. Izi zimakuthandizani kumvetsetsa kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zikuyenera kupangidwa komanso zomwe siziyenera kusamala. Ndizosatheka kuchita izi m'mutu mwanu, muyenera kusamutsa chilichonse pamapepala.
Userstory
Nkhani za ogwiritsa ntchito zimawonetsa bwino masewero a mutu wanu. Iwo ndi chiganizo chimodzi motere:
Monga [gawo] Ndikufuna [zochita]
Chida ichi chimagwira ntchito ziwiri nthawi imodzi: kumvetsetsa mapangidwe amasewera komanso kumvetsetsa wosewera mpira. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga masewera, mutha kufotokoza zolinga zanu m'mawu osavuta komanso kumveketsa bwino zomwe mukufuna kupanga. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wosewera, mudzatha kumvetsetsa zomwe mungafune kuchita pamasewera. Yachiwiri iwonetsa zinthu zomwe zikusowa zomwe simunazigwiritsebe pakupanga kwanu. Kuphatikiza apo, mumayang'anitsitsa zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa bwino ndikupangidwa.
Chitsanzo:
Tiyerekeze kuti mukupanga RPG yopulumuka. Wosewerayo ali ndi mita ya njala yomwe imatha kumaliza masewera onse. Chochitika ichi chimabweretsa nkhani monga izi:
Monga wopanga masewera, ndikufuna kuti wosewerayo azigwiritsa ntchito moyenera.
Monga wosewera, ndikufuna kuti ndizitha kufufuza dziko momasuka.
Monga mukuonera, pankhaniyi nkhanizi zimatsutsana. Poganizira izi, mutha kupita kumadera atsopano kwaulere. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, wosewerayo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndalama zake kuti athe kugula chakudya ndi madzi.
Makhadi
Muyenera kupanga makhadi kapena ofanana nawo. Lembani zimango ndi ma axiom onse amasewera anu.
Tiyerekeze kuti mukupanga nsanja. Pa khadi limodzi tidzalemba "Mutha kudumpha", pa ina - "Mutha kuthamanga". M'mawu ena - "Mudzafa mukakhudza njoka."
Timayika makadi onse patebulo. Muziganiza ngati mukufuna. Tiyeni tichotse chimodzi mwa izo.
Kodi masewerawa akuwoneka bwanji tsopano? Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati wosewerayo sangathe kulumpha? Kodi kuthana ndi vutoli? Kodi ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito makaniko ena? Kodi masewerawa akhala osangalatsa kwambiri?
Timachotsa khadi lina kapena kupanga latsopano ndikuliika pamodzi ndi enawo. Yesani zosankha zosiyanasiyana. Fotokozani zotsatira zamasewera papepala.
Ichi ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri pakukambirana. Zimagwira ntchito bwino mukakhala ndi pulani ndipo simukudziwa choti muchite. Zikatere, kungakhale koyenera kuchotsa chinthu chomwe mumakonda kuti muwone momwe mungapangire mapangidwewo.
Pangani zida zanuzanu
Nthawi zambiri ndimatenga zida zodziwika bwino ndikuzisintha kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zanga. Ndimasankha zomwe zimandikomera. Ziribe kanthu kuti ndimagwiritsa ntchito chida chanji, amakhala ngati makina oganiza omwe ndimayendetsa malingaliro kuti ndipeze zotsatira.
Lingaliro β Yendetsani ku chida chanu β Lingaliro latsopano
Yesani kupanga chida chomwe chimakuthandizani kupeza malingaliro ofunikira pamasewera anu. Ndipo ntchito.
Prototyping
Anthu sangathe kusewera ndi malingaliro anu. Sangathe kusewera marekodi anu. Amatha kusewera masewera anu okha. Ndipo iyi ndi njira yokhayo yothokozera kapangidwe kanu.
Ngati mulibe chidziwitso choyenera chaukadaulo ndi anzanu, ndi nthawi yothana ndi nkhaniyi. Ngati mukugwira ntchito m'gulu ndipo muli ndi opanga mapulogalamu omwe akukuthandizani, onetsetsani kuti akuwonetsa malingaliro anu mwachangu. Ngati kupanga kukakamira, fulumirani, imeneyo ndi ntchito yanu.
zitsanzo
Zilibe kanthu kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito chida chanji. Chinthu chachikulu ndikulowetsa malingaliro anu mu masewerawa, kuyesa ndi kuwabwereza mwamsanga.
Kuchita khama kuyeretsa ma prototypes anu ndikuwapatsa mayina oyenera ndi njira yabwino. Mwanjira iyi mudzapeza mapulojekiti ogwiritsiridwanso ntchito ndi midadada omwe amatha kukopera ndikumata kuchokera ku projekiti kupita ku ina. Osati njira yokongola kwambiri, koma zilibe kanthu: yang'anani pakupeza malingaliro anu ndikuwasintha kukhala masewera.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kukukumbutsani mfundo yofunika: chinthu chachikulu ndi ntchito. Malingaliro ndi gawo chabe la ndondomekoyi. Pezani zida zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muzitha kuzifotokoza, kuzilankhula, komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wobwereza ndikusintha njira yanu ngati pakufunika.
Mukawerenga nkhaniyi osatenga cholembera ndi pepala, mwaphonya mfundo.
Source: www.habr.com