Bukuli likugwirizana ndi nkhani zakuti “Kodi mungamve chiyani pawailesi?” mutu wokhuza kuwulutsa kwa wailesi ya shortwave.

Kusuntha kwakukulu kwawayilesi m'dziko lathu kudayamba ndi kusonkhana kwa mawayilesi osavuta omvera mawayilesi. Mapangidwe a chojambulira chojambulira adasindikizidwa koyamba m'magazini "Radio Amateur", No. 7, 1924. Kuwulutsa kwa wailesi ku USSR kunayamba mu 1922 pa "funde la mamita zikwi zitatu" (mafupipafupi 100 kHz, DV range) ndi transmitter yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 12 kW mawayilesi otchulidwa pambuyo pake Comintern (chizindikiro cha RDW). Pang'onopang'ono, kuwulutsa kwa wailesi kunaphimba CB, ndipo chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20 ndi 30s, kuwulutsa kwa HF kunayamba kukula, kuphatikiza zilankhulo zakunja (kuwulutsa kwakunja).

Kuwulutsa kwakunja pa HF kudafika pachimake pa Cold War ngati chida chothandiza pakulimbana ndi malingaliro ndi mabodza. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Iron Curtain, kuwulutsa kwa chilankhulo cha Chirasha pa HF kunali nkhani, chikhalidwe komanso kulalikira.

Kuwongolera kuwulutsa kwapadziko lonse pawayilesi pa HF kumayendetsedwa ndi mabungwe omwe si aboma omwe siaboma Mtengo wa HFCC. Kawiri pachaka, misonkhano ya HFCC imavomereza kugawidwa kwa ma frequency ndi nthawi zoulutsira. Mazenera likupezeka kuti mutsitse patsamba. Ku database yapano pali mwayi wolumikizana. Kuyambira pa Marichi 31.03.2019, 19, nyengo yachilimwe ya A19 idayamba. Nyengo yachisanu ya B27.10.2019 iyamba pa Okutobala 29.03.2020, XNUMX ndipo ipitilira mpaka Marichi XNUMX, XNUMX.

Kumvetsera wailesi...

Ku Perm, kusankha kwa mapulogalamu a wailesi kuti mumvetsere mu gulu la HF ndi kochepa. Masana, pamagulu onse owulutsa mafunde amfupi simungalandire zoposa ziwiri kapena zitatu, ndipo nthawi yamdima - ma wayilesi khumi ndi awiri m'chilimwe kapena khumi ndi awiri m'nyengo yozizira.

Polandira ndimagwiritsa ntchito zida za "bajeti" mwachilungamo:

1. Wolandila wailesi ya Tecsun PL-380.
2. Wolandila wailesi yolumikizana ndi SoftRock Ensemble II RX ndi HDSDR v.2.70

Pa chithunzi pamwambapa, Tecsun PL-380 imasinthidwa kukhala 11875 kHz (25 m osiyanasiyana). Kuwulutsa kumachitika mu Russian. Mutu wa pulogalamu: Chikhalidwe cha China. Kuchokera ku database ya HFCC m'mawonekedwe olembedwa timaphunzira kuti iyi ndi China International Radio, chowulutsira chili ku Urumqi, mphamvu yotumizira ndi 500 W, mlongoti umatulutsa madigiri 308 azimuth.

Timakonza SoftRock Ensemble II RX ndi HDSDR v.2.70 pafupipafupi 11875 kHz:

Dinani batani la FreqMgr kuti mulowe Frequency Manager ndikupeza wayilesi mu nkhokwe ya EiBi:

...ndikusintha kukhala chosangalatsa, masewera kapena zosonkhanitsira

Malinga ndi a HFCC, nkhokwe yawo ili ndi zambiri pa 85% ya zowulutsa za HF zapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo 15% yotsalayo imaphatikizanso zowulutsa zaku Africa ndi Latin America, zomwe sizifuna kutsata malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Izi sizimayenderana ndi okonda wailesi nthawi zonse, ndipo amamasula nkhokwe zawo, zowonjezeredwa. Nawonsomba EiBi - mmodzi wa iwo.

Kulandila ma siginecha kuchokera kumawayilesi owulutsa kumatchedwa DXing. Chofunika cha zochitikazo: womvera wailesiyo amatumiza lipoti ku wayilesi yokhuza uthenga umene walandira, ndipo akuluakulu a wailesiyi poyankha amatumiza risiti (QSL) yotsimikizira kuti womvera wailesiyi walandira uthenga kuchokera ku wayilesiyi. Chitsanzo cha khadi la QSL chikhoza kuwonedwa apa.

Okonza otsatsa amawona malipoti ngati gawo lofunikira pakuyankha. Mwachitsanzo, zaka zingapo zapitazo kuchokera ku zokambirana ndi mkonzi Ntchito yowulutsa yaku Russia ya Radio Taiwan International Ndinamva kuti kwa milungu iwiri yoyambilira ya kuulutsa mawu m’Chirasha, iwo anali ndi malingaliro “akukambitsirana opanda kanthu,” kufikira pamene analandira lipoti lochokera kwa munthu wina wachidwi wawailesi ku Russia. Kuyambira pamenepo, akonzi a RTI yowulutsa yaku Russia akhala akuyesera kutumiza ma QSL kwa aliyense amene analemba.

"Polowera" mu DXing ndi otsika: ndikokwanira kukhala ndi wolandila. Okonda amalankhulana pamabwalo ndi misonkhano, komwe amagawana zidziwitso zamawayilesi olandilidwa, maadiresi aofesi ya QSL, ndi zolengeza pawailesi. Okonda amafalitsanso kalozera ndi nkhani zamakalata pafupipafupi. Chitsanzo cha kalabu ya DX ndi Tsamba la Novosibirsk DX.

Mwachidule

Kulandila mawayilesi owulutsa kwakhala ndipo kumakhalabe gawo lofunikira pamawayilesi amateur. M'dziko lamakono, kuwulutsa kwakunja pa HF sikuthandiza kwambiri malingaliro monga zolinga za zokambirana pakati pa zikhalidwe.

Chisangalalo cholandira mawayilesi owulutsa sichifuna kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri, kupeza ziphaso kapena kutsimikizira ziyeneretso.

Wolemba bukuli siwokonda DXing, koma amathandizira mwachangu chilichonse chomwe chimasonkhanitsa anthu ndikulimbikitsa zokambirana pakati pawo.

Source: www.habr.com