Masiku ano pali njira zambiri zopambana zophunzirira Chingerezi. Ndikufuna kuwonjezera masenti anga awiri mbali ina: kunena kuti zimasokoneza kuphunzira chinenero.
Chimodzi mwa zopinga zimenezi n’chakuti timamuphunzitsa m’malo olakwika. Sitikunena za ziwalo za thupi, koma za ubongo. Pali madera a Wernicke ndi Broca mu prefrontal cortex ya ubongo, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuzindikira ndi kupanga mawu ...
Ndipo ana azaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri amaphunzira chinenero china mosavuta! Izi zili choncho ngakhale kuti ubongo wawo ndi wosakhwima. Mapangidwe a kotekisi amatha kuzungulira zaka khumi ndi ziwiri mpaka khumi ndi zisanu - ndiyeno munthu amapeza luso lomaliza zomanga zomveka, "kulowa m'maganizo," monga akunena ... Panthawiyi, madera a Wernicke ndi Broca amakhwima ndikuyamba kukhala ndi udindo pa zolankhula za munthu. Koma chimachitika nchiyani pamaso kusasitsa wa kotekisi, amene ife intensively katundu pamene kuphunzira chinenero?
Njira zodziwika bwino zophunzitsira chilankhulo chakunja mwazokha sizothandiza kwambiri - ambiri adaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito, koma sanapeze chidziwitso. Njirazi zimapereka zotsatira pamene, pazifukwa zina, amatha kuyambitsa madera akuya a ubongo, zigawo zake zakale, zomwe ana amagwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Titha kutenga njira yophunzirira chilankhulo china: kuwerenga ndi kumasulira, kukulitsa mawu athu, kuphunzira galamala. Koma chilankhulo chimapezedwa (ngati chapezedwa) pamlingo wosadziwika kapena wosazindikira. Ndipo izi zikuwoneka kwa ine ngati chinyengo chamtundu wina.
Chopinga chachiwiri: njira zophunzirira chilankhulo chachiwiri. Amakopera kuchokera kumaphunziro ophunzirira chilankhulo. Ana amaphunzitsidwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba pogwiritsa ntchito bukhu la ABC - kusukulu kapena kunyumba, chirichonse chimayamba ndi zilembo, ndi mawu osavuta, kenaka ziganizo, ndiye galamala, ndiye zimabwera (ngati zibwera) ku stylistics ... kuphunzitsa kusukulu, zokonda za mphunzitsi ndizolimba (osati ngati munthu payekha, koma monga gawo la maphunziro): ndi maola angati, molingana ndi njira yovomerezeka, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutuwu, ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe zidapezedwa mayesero osiyanasiyana ... kuseri kwa zonsezi pali kuwerengera mosamala nthawi ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwambiri, chinenerocho, kukulitsa chikondi kwa icho, kuwunika momwe "chidalowa" wophunzira ndi momwe chinakhalira - ndiko kuti, zofuna zazikulu za wophunzirayo - zimakhalabe zopitirira malire. Maphunziro onse amachitika mwanzeru komanso mwachiphamaso. Maphunziro otengera maphunzirowa amachokera ku Middle Ages ndipo adakhazikika m'nthawi ya mafakitale, pomwe maphunziro okhazikika komanso kuwunika kwa chidziwitso zinali zofunika. Titha kuvomereza mwanjira ina zonsezi - palibe njira zangwiro. Bungwe la bureaucracy limalamulira ndi zolinga zoyambira. Koma! Kusiyana kumodzi kwakukulu: mwana yemwe amawongolera chilankhulo chake kusukulu amadziwa kale kuyankhula! Munganene chiyani za wophunzira yemwe amayamba chinenero chatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi ... Pano ndondomeko yophunzitsira yachikhalidwe imapereka zotsatira zochepa kwambiri - kumbukirani zomwe mwakumana nazo komanso zomwe anzanu adakumana nazo.
Monga kuwonjezera pa mfundo iyi: kodi mwana amamvetsa bwanji kuti uyu ndi mphaka? Kodi nkhuku iyi ndi chiyani? Munthu wamkulu angaperekedwe kumasulira kuchokera ku chinenero china kupita ku china, kugwirizanitsa mawu ndi mawu. Kwa wolankhula mbadwa, chodabwitsa ndi lingaliro zimalumikizidwa mosiyana.
Chifukwa chachitatu. Gulu la katswiri wodziwika bwino wa neurophysiologist waku America a Paula Tallal adapeza kuti pafupifupi 20% ya anthu samatha kupirira mawu abwinobwino. (izi zikuphatikizapo mavuto monga dyslexia, dysgraphia ndi mavuto ena). Anthu amenewa alibe nthawi yoti azindikire ndi kumvetsa zimene akumva. Cerebellum ndiyomwe imayambitsa izi - "mayibodi" aubongo wathu sangathe kupirira ndikusintha zidziwitso zomwe zikubwera munthawi yeniyeni. Nkhaniyi ndiyopanda chiyembekezo: mutha kuphunzitsa pang'onopang'ono ndipo pamapeto pake mufika pa liwiro labwinobwino. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zopambana. Koma muyenera kudziwa kuti palinso kubisalira komwe kumafuna njira zapadera.
Chifukwa chachinayi: chisokonezo choyambirira pamalingaliro. Mwina anali wakupha kwambiri kwa ine. Kodi timatani ndi chinenero chachiwiri? TimamuPHUNZITSA. Ndinkachita bwino masamu ndi physics kusukulu ndipo ndinayamba kuphunzira Chingelezi mofananamo. Muyenera kuphunzira mawu ndi galamala, ndipo pangakhale mavuto otani ngati mwaphunzira zonse bwino ndi kuzikumbukira bwino? Mfundo yoti kalankhulidwe kamakhala ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana kwambiri ndipo ndi chosiyana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe chake kusiyana ndi zongopeka (zopanda mawu okhumudwitsa) ndinazimva patapita zaka zambiri.
Chifukwa chachisanu ndikulumikizana pang'ono ndi chachinayi. Uwu ndiye ego. Ngati ndikudziwa mawu ndi galamala, bwanji ndikubwereza mawu omwe ndimawerenga nthawi zambiri? (“Kodi ndine wopusa?”). Kunyada kwanga kunandipweteka. Komabe, kudziŵa bwino chinenero si chidziwitso, koma luso lomwe lingathe kupangidwa chifukwa cha kubwerezabwereza mobwerezabwereza, komanso motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchotsa kudzudzula nokha. Psychological trick - kuchepetsedwa kusinkhasinkha - nthawi zambiri kumalemetsa akuluakulu. Kuchepetsa kudzidzudzula kunali kovuta kwa ine.
Mwachidule, ndikufuna kudziwa za zomwe mwakumana nazo pophunzira Chingerezi (ndikuyesera kupeza njira yopezera chilankhulo chomwe chingachotsere zomwe zalembedwa ndi zina zomwe zingatheke). Ndipo funso limadzuka: ndikofunika bwanji kuti wolemba mapulogalamu adziwe bwino Chingerezi kupitirira osachepera akatswiri, chidziwitso chomwe (chochepa) sichingalephereke? Kodi luso la chinenero chapamwamba ndi lofunika bwanji ponena za maulendo, kusintha kwa malo, kukhala kwakanthawi mu Chingelezi kapena, mokulirapo, chikhalidwe china chomwe Chingelezi chingakhale chokwanira kulankhulana?
Source: www.habr.com