2050 tidzadya chiyani?

Osati kale kwambiri tidasindikiza semi-serious kuneneratu "Mukhala mukulipira chiyani m'zaka 20?" Izi zinali zoyembekeza zathu tokha, zochokera pakupanga matekinoloje ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi. Koma ku USA iwo anapita patsogolo. Nkhani yosiyirana yonse idachitikira kumeneko, yodzipereka, mwa zina, kulosera zamtsogolo zomwe zikuyembekezera anthu mu 2050.

Okonzawo adayandikira nkhaniyi mozama kwambiri: ngakhale chakudya chamadzulo chinakonzedwa poganizira zomwe asayansi akuyembekeza pazovuta zanyengo zomwe zingachitike m'zaka 30. Tikufuna kukuuzani za chakudya chachilendo ichi.

Kodi kusintha kwa nyengo kudzakhudza bwanji dongosolo lazakudya padziko lonse lapansi pofika chaka cha 2050 ndipo zakudya za anthu zisintha bwanji? Katswiri Wotsogola Wofufuza ku MIT Erwan Monnier ndi wopanga ku New York University Ellie Wiest adaganiza zoyankha funsoli popanga menyu Msonkhano Wosintha Nyengo (malo ndi owopsa ku thanzi lanu - pafupifupi. Cloud4Y), odzipereka ku ntchito ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo pa miyoyo yathu.

Chakudya chamadzulo chamtsogolo chinachitika ku ArtScience Cafe (Cambridge, Massachusetts) ndipo chinali ndi maphunziro a 4, omwe amaimira malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe. Choncho, zokometserazo zinali bowa atatu: bowa wam'chitini, wouma ndi wongotola kumene. Bowa amadziwika kuti amathandiza nthaka kuti ikhale ndi carbon dioxide. Ndipo potero amachepetsa kusintha kwa nyengo.

Monga maphunziro aakulu, otenga nawo mbali pa zokambirana adapatsidwa njira ziwiri zomwe zingatheke kusintha kwa nyengo. Chimodzi chikuyimira mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yotheka ndikukhazikitsa mapulogalamu achilengedwe komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Chachiwiri, mbale yopanda chiyembekezo, imayimira tsogolo lomvetsa chisoni lomwe labwera chifukwa chosowa mapulogalamu oteteza chilengedwe.

Kwa olowa m'chipululu, kusankha kunali pakati pa chitumbuwa cha dzungu ndi uchi wa manyuchi ndi gel osakaniza ndi zipatso zopanda madzi.

Kwachiwiri, kuyimira nyanja, alendo omwe adakhazikitsidwa adapatsidwa mabasi amtchire. Koma theka la alendowo ndi amene anasangalala ndi kukoma kokoma kwa nsombayo, ndipo theka lina linapatsidwa gawo losakoma kwenikweni lokhala ndi mafupa ochuluka.

Zakudya zamcherezo zinapereka lingaliro la kulingalira za kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana komanso kuopsa kwa malo a Arctic. Unali mkaka wa paini, "wokometsedwa" ndi utsi wa paini komanso wodzaza ndi zipatso zatsopano ndi junipere.

Asanadye chakudya chamadzulo, Monnier ndi Wiest adapereka ulaliki wachidule wokhudza zovuta zowonetsera dongosolo lazakudya padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo adawonetsanso kuti mitundu yanyengo imaneneratu kukwera ndi kuchepa kwa zokolola m'madera osiyanasiyana a Africa, komanso kuti kusatsimikizika kwamitunduyi kungapangitse kulosera kosiyanasiyana kumadera ena.

Zonsezi ndizosangalatsa, koma kodi Habr akugwirizana nazo chiyani?

Osachepera ngakhale kuti posachedwapa nzeru yokumba anawonetsakuti chilengedwe pachokha ndicho chachititsa kutentha kwa dziko. Ndiye kuti, kuwerengera kwa anthu kunakhala kosiyana kotheratu ndi kuwerengera kwa AI.

Kutengera chakudya chamtsogolo ku MIT kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito masamu ovuta. Zida zamphamvu zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, malipoti anyengo azaka makumi angapo zapitazi komanso malipoti ambiri achilengedwe adafufuzidwa. Komabe, zotsatira za ntchito yaikuluyi zikutsutsidwa ndi asayansi aŵiri amene amatsutsa zanyengo ndi mmene anthu amawonongera nyengo.

Iwo amakhulupirira kuti m’zaka 100 zapitazi pakhala ntchito yochepa kwambiri pa nkhaniyi ndipo n’zosatheka kutsimikizira kuti mpweya wa carbon dioxide uli ndi mphamvu yosokoneza kutentha kwa dziko lapansi. Kutsimikizira kuti mukulondola, Jennifer Merohasi и John Abbott adapeza zambiri kuchokera kumaphunziro am'mbuyomu omwe amawerengera kutentha kwazaka zikwi ziwiri zapitazi kuchokera ku mphete zamitengo, ma coral coral ndi zina zotero.

Kenako adapereka datayi mu neural network, ndipo pulogalamuyo idatsimikiza kuti kutentha kwakhala kukwera pafupifupi mulingo womwewo nthawi yonseyi. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mpweya wa carbon dioxide suyambitsa kutentha kwa dziko. Asayansi amaonanso kuti m’nyengo yotentha ya m’zaka za m’ma 986 mpaka 1234, kutentha kunali kofanana ndi masiku ano.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti zongopeka ndizotheka pano, koma chowonadi, monga mwachizolowezi, chiri penapake pakati. Komabe, zingakhale zosangalatsa kumva maganizo anu pankhaniyi.

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Lembani ku wathu uthengawo-channel kuti musaphonye nkhani yotsatira! Timalemba zosaposa kawiri pa sabata komanso pa bizinesi.

Source: www.habr.com