Dacha m'nyengo yozizira: kukhala kapena kusakhala?

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala malipoti okhudza kutulutsidwa kwa zida zatsopano za IoT kapena zida zapanyumba zanzeru, koma kaŵirikaŵiri pamakhala ndemanga zokhuza magwiridwe antchito enieni a makina otere. Ndipo adandipatsa vuto lomwe liri lofala kwambiri ku Russia ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo: kunali koyenera kuteteza dacha ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mutha kugwira ntchito m'nthawi ya autumn-yozizira. Zonse zachitetezo ndi zowotchera zidathetsedwa m'masiku amodzi. Ndikufunsa onse omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi mphaka. Malinga ndi mwambo, kwa amene amakonda kuonera osati kuwerenga, ndinapanga kanema.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe zilipo: nyumba yamatabwa yokhala ndi magetsi (kale panali 1 gawo 5 kW), gasi komanso pamalo abata, pafupifupi kutali. Nyumbayi ili ndi chitofu chachikulu komanso chokongola chowotcha nkhuni, koma posachedwapa adayika boiler yamafuta ndikuyika ma radiator mnyumba yonse.

Ndipo tsopano za ntchito: ngakhale oyandikana nawo amakhala pafupi, ndikufuna kudziwa za kulowa m'nyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha pang'ono m'nyumba ndikutenthetsa nyumbayo eni ake asanafike, ndiko kuti, kuwongolera kwakutali kwa boiler kumafunika. Chabwino, ndithudi, m'pofunika kuchenjeza za zotheka moto kapena utsi m'chipindamo. Choncho, mndandanda wa zofunika pa dongosolo anaika motere:

1. Kupezeka kwa sensor ya utsi
2. Kukhalapo kwa sensor yoyenda
3. Kupezeka kwa chowongolera chowongolera
4. Kupezeka kwa mutu wamutu womwe umatumiza uthenga ku foni yamakono kapena imelo

Kusankha zida

Nditafufuza pa intaneti, ndidazindikira kuti kutsatira zomwe zafotokozedwera, mwina dongosolo lowopsa komanso lokwera mtengo lomwe lili ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri ndiloyenera, kapena muyenera kusonkhanitsa chinthu chosavuta ndikudzilekanitsa. Kotero ine ndinafika pa lingaliro lakuti chitetezo ndi chinthu chimodzi, ndi kuwongolera kwa boiler ndi china. Nditapanga chisankho ichi, zonse zidayenda mophweka komanso mwachangu. Ndinayang'ana makamaka pakati pa chitukuko cha Russia kotero kuti ntchito ndi omanga analipo. Zotsatira zake, vutoli linathetsedwa ndi zida ziwiri zosiyana:

1. Thermostat Zont H-1 yowongolera kutentha
2. LifeControl "Dachny" zida zanzeru zakunyumba zopangira chitetezo

Ndiroleni ndifotokoze chisankho. Ndili ndi lingaliro lakuti machitidwe ayenera kukhala ndi njira zoyankhulirana zodziimira kuti kulephera kwa njira imodzi yolumikizirana kusakhudze ntchito ya njira ina. Ndinapezanso ma SIM makhadi angapo kuchokera kwa othandizira osiyanasiyana: imodzi imagwira ntchito mu thermostat, ina mu nyumba yanzeru.
Ntchito ya thermostat ndikusunga kutentha molingana ndi dongosolo (Lachisanu madzulo imayamba kutenthetsa nyumbayo eni ake asanafike, Lamlungu madzulo imasinthira kumayendedwe azachuma kusunga kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 10), kunena kuti magetsi azizima kapena zadzidzidzi. kutsika kwa kutentha.

Ntchito ya nyumba yanzeru ndikuwongolera kutsegulidwa kwa chitseko chakumaso, kuwongolera kuyenda m'chipindamo, kuzindikira utsi kumayambiriro kwa moto, kudziwitsa eni nyumbayo za zochitika zosiyanasiyana zadzidzidzi pa smartphone, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zilipo. Intaneti m'nyumba.

Zont H-1

Chitukuko cha Russia chokhala ndi masensa osiyanasiyana. Choyamba, ndinali ndi chidwi ndi kudalirika ndi kudzilamulira. Thermostat iyi ili ndi modemu ya GSM yomangidwa, cholumikizira kutentha ndi cholumikizira cholumikizidwa kuti chiwongolere chowotcha. Modem imangothandiza ukadaulo wa GPRS, ndipo palibenso china chofunikira, popeza kuchuluka kwa kusamutsa deta ndikochepa kwambiri ndipo kuthamanga sikofunikira pano. Chidacho chimakhala ndi mlongoti wakunja wowongolera chizindikiritso ngati sichilumikizana bwino. Relay imagwira ntchito pa mfundo ya kukhudzana kowuma ndipo imatumiza lamulo ku boiler kuti lizitsegula ndi kuzimitsa pamene kutentha kwayikidwa kufika. Pali malo oikirapo kuti chotenthetsera chisakhale ndi vuto kumangoyatsa ndikuzimitsa mozungulira kutentha komwe mukufuna. Chipangizocho chikhoza kukhala ndi batri yomwe imakulolani kuti muzigwira ntchito modzilamulira kwa maola angapo. Woyang'anira amatumiza chenjezo pamene maukonde akunja achotsedwa. Chenjezo limabweranso mphamvu yakunja ikawonekera. Pali kuwongolera kudzera patsamba, kugwiritsa ntchito pa foni yam'manja komanso kudzera pa SMS.

Smart Home Life Control 2.0

Chitukuko china chaku Russia chokhala ndi masensa ambiri, ma actuators ndi kuthekera kwabwino kokulitsa. Chinyengo ndichakuti nyumba yanzeru imagwira ntchito mothandizidwa ndi protocol ya ZigBee, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti posachedwa zitha kulumikiza zida zambiri za chipani chachitatu kwa iyo. Koma ngakhale pano mndandanda ulipo wokwanira kukonzekeretsa nyumba, ndipo zida zonse zikuyembekezeredwa. Ndinakopeka ndi mfundo yakuti mutu kapena hub ili ndi modem yake ya 3G / 4G, ili ndi gawo la Wi-Fi ndipo imathandizira kugwirizana kwa opereka mawaya. Ndiko kuti, chipangizochi chikhoza kulumikizidwa ngati rauta ndikugawa Wi-Fi, kulumikiza opanda zingwe ku rauta yomwe ilipo, kapena kulumikiza malowa pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya opareshoni yam'manja. Pamapeto pake, malowa amasanduka rauta ndipo amatha kugawa intaneti kudzera pa Wi-Fi! Ndiwonjeza kuti kanyumbako kamakhala ndi maikolofoni yomangidwa ndi kamera, komanso ili ndi batri yoyendetsera ntchito yodziyimira payokha ngati maukonde akunja achotsedwa. Chida cha "dacha" chimaphatikizansopo kachipangizo koyenda, khomo lotsegula chitseko ndi utsi. Kulankhulana pakati pa zida kumachitika popanda zingwe, ndipo masensawo amagwira ntchito kuchokera ku mabatire awo.

Kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa

Kunena zowona, ndimayembekezera kuti zinthu zathu zikhala ndi zovuta kukhazikitsa, koma ndinali kulakwitsa. Ndinali kuyembekezera mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osalemba, koma ndinali kulakwitsa kachiwiri. Ndikhala wokhazikika ndikuyamba ndi Zont H-1 thermostat.

Chipangizochi chimabwera ndi SIM khadi yokhala ndi mtundu wina wamitengo yokonzeka ndipo ndi yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyika ndi kulumikiza ku boiler ndi mawaya onse othamanga kunatenga pafupifupi theka la ola. Boiler iliyonse imakhala ndi zolumikizira zolumikizira thermostat, zomwe zimatseka pomwe chotenthetseracho chiyenera kuyambika ndikutsegulidwa pomwe kutentha komwe kukufunika kufikika. Boiler yokhayo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kale kuti ifike kutentha kofunikira. Zokonda za boiler ndizopitilira nkhaniyo, koma ngati mutuwu ndi wosangalatsa, ndiye kuti nditha kuyankha mafunso mu ndemanga. Ndiye zonse zinali zophweka: kuyika pulogalamuyo pa foni yamakono, kulumikiza thermostat mu akaunti yanu, kukhazikitsa mbiri (zachuma, chitonthozo ndi ndondomeko). Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati muyika kutentha kwa kutentha pamwamba, kutentha kwenikweni m'chipindamo sikudzakhala kokwera kwambiri, ndipo ngati muyika sensor pafupi ndi pansi, chipindacho chidzakhala chotentha kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kukhazikitsa sensa pamtunda wa 1-1.5 m kuchokera pansi kuti mupange zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Mutha kulumikiza masensa angapo a kutentha, kuphatikiza opanda zingwe, koma chowotcheracho chiziwongoleredwa ndi chimodzi chokha. Mutha kuwongolera ma thermostat onse kuchokera patsamba lanu komanso kuchokera pa smartphone yanu.

Tsopano ndipitilira kufotokozera za kuthekera ndi mawonekedwe amomwe amapangira nyumba yanzeru ya Life Control 2.0. Ndiyamba ndi mutu wa mutu kapena hub. Ndinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito ngati rauta yam'manja. Ndinatenga SIM khadi yokhala ndi intaneti yopanda malire ndikuyiyika mu rauta. Mwa njira, mlongoti womwe uli kumbuyo kwa rauta umathandizira kukulitsa malo a Wi-Fi, ndipo pali mlongoti wamkati wolandila chizindikiro kuchokera kwa woyendetsa ma cell. Sindinayenera kukonza kalikonse; Ndinalumikiza kuchokera pa smartphone ndi laputopu yanga kupita ku rauta ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Kenako, ndidayika pulogalamuyi pa smartphone yanga ndikuwonjezera masensa onse kudzeramo. Kumeneko ndinakhazikitsanso malamulo oyambitsa zochitika za sensa: mwachitsanzo, ndikatsegula chitseko, ndimalandira chenjezo pa smartphone yanga ndi imelo. Chithunzi chochokera kumaloko chikuwonjezedwanso kwa icho. Zomwezo zimachitika ngati sensa yoyenda kapena chojambulira utsi chikuyambika. Nkhokweyi imayikidwa m'njira yoti ikhale yosaoneka m'chipindamo, koma nthawi yomweyo kuti khomo lakumaso ndi chipinda chokhala ndi chowotcha cha gasi chiwonekere. Ndiko kuti, popanda aliyense m'nyumbamo, ngati chowunikira utsi chimachoka, mukhoza kugwirizanitsa ndikuwona mu nthawi yeniyeni zomwe zikuchitika m'nyumbamo.

Kuphatikiza kosiyana ndi kukhalapo kwa batri. Ngati maukonde akunja akuzimitsa, malowa akupitiriza kugwira ntchito pa batri yomangidwa kwa maola ena a 5 kapena 6. Pano mukhoza kuyang'ana kanema kuchokera pa laputopu kapena foni yamakono mpaka intaneti itatsegulidwa. Ndipo chitetezo chidzagwira ntchito ngati olowa asankha kuzimitsa magetsi kunyumba, ndikuyembekeza kulepheretsa chitetezo. Payokha, ndinali ndi nkhawa ndi nkhani ya momwe ma sensor amagwirira ntchito komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito pa batri imodzi. Chilichonse ndi chophweka ndi ichi: mndandanda umayesedwa mu mamita makumi m'nyumba ngati makoma satetezedwa, ndipo protocol ya ZigBee imagwira ntchito pafupipafupi 868 MHz ndipo imapereka mphamvu yochepa, kotero sensa imatha kugwira ntchito pa batri imodzi. chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri, kutengera kuyankha pafupipafupi.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ZigBee protocol imagwira ntchito pamakina a Mesh system, pomwe chipangizo chapakatikati chimakhala cholumikizira pakati pa likulu ndi sensa yakutali kwambiri. Mu LifeControl dongosolo, kugwirizana koteroko ndi zipangizo zokha zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nthawi zonse ndi magetsi: pakali pano, izi ndizitsulo zoyendetsedwa ndi mababu (ngati nthawi zonse zimaperekedwa ndi mphamvu).

Nanga bwanji amene alibe gasi? Ngati nyumbayo imatenthedwa ndi mabatire amagetsi, ndiye kuti mutha kukonza magwiridwe antchito azitsulo zoyendetsedwa m'njira yoti aziyatsa musanafike ndipo ma heaters azikhala ndi nthawi yotenthetsera nyumbayo eni ake asanafike. Komanso, sockets amatha kukhala ngati njira yosungiramo mabatire amagetsi ngati chotenthetsera chikulephereka, kotero kuti choziziritsa mu mipope sichimaundana. Ndiwonjezera pa izi kuti ngati nyumbayo ili ndi kutchinjiriza bwino, ndiye kuti mutha kukhazikitsa ndandanda yoyatsa mabatire amagetsi pamitengo yausiku, kutenthetsa nyumbayo usiku wonse ndikuyimitsa masana - kupulumutsa munjira iyi yotenthetsera kumatha kufika kuchokera. 30 mpaka 50 peresenti, kutengera kukula kwa kusiyana kwa mitengo yanu yamagetsi.

Mayeso

Chifukwa chake, zida zimakhazikitsidwa ndikuyendetsa. Boiler ikugwira ntchito ndipo nyumbayo ndi yotentha, ngakhale yotentha. Thermostat imagwira ntchito moona mtima kuti isunge kutentha ndipo imawoneka pakugwira ntchito kwa chowotchera, chifukwa nthawi zina imazimitsa ndikuyatsa. Sensa ya kutentha idasunthidwa mwapadera kuchokera kuchipinda chokhala ndi boiler kupita kuchipinda chochezera pamlingo wachiuno. Tsopano ponena za smart home system. Ndinaika kachipindako kukhitchini, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti chipinda chowotchera, moyang'ana khomo lakutsogolo. Ndinapachikidwa pa chitseko chotsegulira chitseko pakhomo lakumaso, ndipo ndinayika kachipangizo koyenda m'chipinda chakumbuyo, chomwe sichikuwoneka kuchokera mumsewu, ndikuchilozera pawindo. Ndiye kuti, ngati olowa akufuna kulowa m'nyumba kudzera pawindo kuchokera kumbuyo, ndidzalandiranso chidziwitso. Chodziwira utsi chinapachikidwa pakati pa khitchini ndikuyesedwa. Ngakhale pepalalo litayatsidwa, linagwira ntchito pafupifupi mphindi imodzi, ngakhale kuti kunalibe utsi wambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumawotcha kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina mumasuta, yikani hood kuti musapangitse ma alarm abodza a chowunikira utsi. Imawonetsa osati patali, komanso kwanuko - ndikumveka mokweza m'nyumba yonse.

Machitidwe onsewa amakulolani kuti muziyang'anira kapena kudzilamulira nokha, komanso kupereka mwayi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. Mu dongosolo la Zont, izi zimazindikirika mwa kusamutsa malowedwe ndi mawu achinsinsi kuti mupeze mwayi wonse kapena kupanga malo olowera alendo, pomwe munthu amatha kuyang'anira momwe alili, koma sangathe kukhudza magwiridwe antchito. Nyumba yanzeru ya LifeControl imakupatsaninso mwayi woti mupereke maitanidwe kwa ogwiritsa ntchito gulu lachitatu ndikutha kuwona mawonekedwe adongosolo. Chilichonse chimagwira ntchito mumtambo, kotero muzochitika zonsezi sipadzakhala mavuto ndi ntchito, mosasamala kanthu za njira yolumikizirana komanso mawonekedwe olumikizirana.

Zotsatira

Choncho, nyumba ya dziko ndi yokonzeka nyengo yozizira. Makina otenthetsera amakulolani kuti mubwere kunyumba yotenthedwa kale ndikusunga kutentha pamene mulibe m'nyumba. Ndipo dongosolo lanyumba lanzeru lidzapangitsa kuti musadandaule za chitetezo cha nyumba yanu, kuchokera kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupindula ndi katundu wanu, komanso kuchokera kuzinthu zosayembekezereka. Ndikoyenera kuwonjezera kuti nyumbayo iyenera kukhala ndi zida zozimitsa moto za OSP kapena Buran. Kuonjezera apo, LifeControl system ndi modular ndipo chiwerengero cha masensa chikhoza kuwonjezeka malinga ndi zosowa. Ndikukhulupirira kuti masensa angapo oyenda adzawonjezedwa ku dongosololi kuti atseke kuzungulira nyumba yonseyo. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe sikunadzutse mafunso aliwonse: ngati ndi thermostat kunali koyenera kutchula malangizo, ndiye ndi dongosolo lanyumba lanzeru zonse zinali zomveka.

bonasi

Nditayang'ana patsamba la wopanga, ndidapeza zotsatsira tsamba pomwe mutha kuyitanitsa zida zapanyumba zotsika mtengo wachitatu kuposa kuziphatikiza padera. Palibe ulalo wolunjika patsamba lokha, koma ndinapanga dongosolo ndikudikirira. Patatha mphindi 10 adayimba ndikutsimikizira zomwe adalamula. Kotero pamene ikugwira ntchito, ndikugawana. Ndine wokonzeka kuyankha mafunso okhudza machitidwe onse awiri. Musaiwale - Zima zikubwera!

Source: www.habr.com