Mu 90s, 8-bit Super Mario Bros. ndi Battle City - "Mario" ndi "akasinja" - adayambitsa chisangalalo. Pokhapokha ndidawayambitsa mu msakatuli kuti amve kuti ali ndi vuto. Tsopano ochita masewera, ndithudi, "awonongeka" ndi zojambula ndi masewera (ine ndekha ndikuphatikizapo), koma pali chinachake chomwe chatsala m'masewera amenewo. Ngakhale simunagwire kugunda kwa zaka zimenezo, kungofanizira zithunzi za oyambitsa ndi chithunzi chamakono ndizochitika zosangalatsa. Nkhani yosavuta yokhala ndi zithunzi za momwe zinthu zinalili ndikukhala.
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwasintha kwambiri msika wamasewera pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, ndipo masiku azithunzi zakale popanda tsatanetsatane wapita.
Kalekale, masewera oyenda amatha kupita ndi mawu osavuta komanso zithunzi zosasunthika
Mapulojekiti amakono ndi abwino kwambiri ngati mafilimu owonetsera, opereka zithunzi zolemera za photorealistic. Chifukwa chake, masewera apamwamba monga Oregon Trail, Doom ndi Madden adasinthidwanso kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za ogwiritsa ntchito pofika chaka cha 2019.
Kuti tikwaniritse zosinthazi, tiyeni tifanizire mitu yoyambirira ya ma franchise otchuka ndi zotengera zaposachedwa kapena masewera amakono omwe opanga adalimbikitsidwa ndi akale.
1. Wolfenstein 3D (1992) ndi Wolfenstein: Youngblood (2019)
Kwa anthu amsinkhu winawake, Castle Wolfenstein anali owombera pamwamba omwe amakonda kwambiri. Ozilenga filimu yonena za Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse "Mfuti za Navarone" (zochokera m'buku la Alistair Maclean). Mutuwu udatulutsidwa mu 1981 pa Apple II ndipo udatulutsa ma sequel ambiri. Makamaka, Wolfenstein 3D (1992), yomwe idakhala chitsanzo cha owombera amakono ambiri.
Wolfenstein 3D (1992)
Zithunzizo zinali zonyansa komanso zojambulidwa. Koma wolemba ngakhale mu 2012, amalankhula mokondwera za mitundu yonse ya zinthu zazing'ono mu masewera. Mwachitsanzo, momwe Blaskowicz amakuwonerani kuchokera pansi pazenera ndi nkhope yolimba. Ndipo momwe nkhope ya ngwazi imasinthira kukhala yofiira akalandira kuwonongeka.
Wowombera Wolfenstein: Youngblood adatulutsidwa m'chilimwe cha 2019. B.J. Blaskowicz anali nyenyezi yamasewera 13 apakanema, kuyambira pamasewera apamwamba mpaka opukutira m'mbali, masewera otembenuza ndi FPS. Koma ku Youngblood, otchulidwa kwambiri ndi ana amapasa a Blaskowitz, omwe akufunafuna abambo awo.
Wolfenstein: Youngblood (2019)
Pafupifupi chithunzi cha cinema chikuwonetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa zithunzi zamakompyuta zomwe zakula pazaka makumi atatu. M'malo mwa adani azithunzi zathyathyathya, pali zilembo zenizeni zomwe zimaperekedwa munthawi yeniyeni.
2. Donkey Kong (1981) ndi Mario vs. Donkey Kong: Tipping Stars (2015)
Wopanga plumber wotchuka Mario adawonekera koyamba ku Donkey Kong mu 1981, koma adangopeza dzina lake motsatira. Mwa njira, poyamba ankatchedwa Jumpman.
Donkey Kong (1981)
Mdani wa Mario, Donkey Kong, ndi m'modzi mwa anthu okhazikika kwambiri pamasewera. Anawonekera mu masewera a dzina lomwelo monga woipa yemwe adalepheretsa Jumpman kukwera pamwamba pa masitepe a masitepe.
Donkey Kong wakhala chithumwa chamwayi chenicheni. Amapezeka m'masewera ambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana: kwinakwake ngati munthu wamkulu, kwinakwake ngati woipa, komanso kwinakwake pothandizira maudindo.
Mario vs. Donkey Kong: Tipping Stars (2015)
Idatulutsidwa mu 2015, Mario vs. Donkey Kong: Tipping Stars imadzutsa chidwi pang'ono, ngakhale masewerawa akuwoneka amakono. Zokongola zonse za polojekitiyi sizinasinthe kwambiri kuyambira zaka za m'ma 80, koma chifukwa cha chitukuko cha zithunzi, chirichonse chakhala chosiyana kwambiri, chowala komanso champhamvu kwambiri.
3. Oregon Trail (1971) ndi Oregon Trail (2011)
Generation X inalibe maudindo ambiri oti azisewera pamakompyuta awo akusukulu. Ndipo Oregon Trail inalidi imodzi mwazokonda zanga. Masewera kumbuyo mu 1971, pamene aphunzitsi achichepere ochokera ku Minneapolis adaganiza zouza ophunzira awo za kufufuza kwa Wild West. Koma mtundu woyamba womwe anthu ambiri amakumbukira unatuluka mu 1985 pa Apple II - idagunda kwambiri.
Oregon Trail (1985)
Pulojekiti yophunzitsa ndi zosangalatsa inaphunzitsa osewera achichepere za zovuta zenizeni za moyo wa apainiya m'zaka za zana la 1970, kuphatikizapo chiwopsezo chokhazikika chotenga kamwazi. Zithunzizo zinali ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha, koma kunali kusintha kwakukulu pamasewera otengera malemba m'ma XNUMX.
Ndizochititsa manyazi kuti sipanakhalepo zatsopano za Oregon Trail kwa zaka zingapo. Kutulutsidwa kwaposachedwa kwa 2011 kwa Nintendo Wii kukuwonetsa momwe masewerawa adasinthira zaka 40, ngakhale zithunzi sizinakhalepo zofunika kwambiri pa chilolezocho.
Oregon Trail (2011)
Kuphatikiza pa kusuntha kuchokera kumitundu isanu ndi umodzi kupita ku phale lathunthu, masewerawa adalandiranso kusintha kwina kwakukulu - kuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito olamulira a Wii. Osewera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito owongolera ngati zikwapu poyendetsa ngolo ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi nyama.
4. John Madden Football (1988) ndi Madden NFL 20 (2019)
John Madden Football (1988)
Mndandanda wa Madden NFL (mpaka 1993 - John Madden Football) wakhala umodzi mwamasewera akuluakulu amasewera, atagulitsa makope opitilira 130 miliyoni. Lingaliro la masewerawa lidapangidwa mu 1984, koma msilikali wa NFL John Madden anaumirira pa zenizeni ndi khalidwe, kotero polojekitiyi inatulutsidwa patatha zaka zinayi.
Kuphatikiza pa kutsindika kwa masewero enieni ndi kulingalira kwanzeru, Madden mwiniwake anapereka mawu a wothirira ndemanga pamasewero oyambirira a masewerawo. Ngakhale kuti zinali zachilendo, zinkawoneka zovuta komanso zochedwa. Makompyuta kalelo anali ofooka kwambiri ndipo sanachite bwino kusuntha osewera 22 pawindo.
Koma Madden NFL 20 (2019) nthawi zina amawoneka ngati mukuwona masewera enieni.
Madden NFL 20 (2019)
Franchise ya Madden imapangidwanso chaka chilichonse. Ndipo ngakhale kutulutsidwa kwatsopano sikulandira kusintha kwakukulu pazithunzi, EA yalandira mipata yokwanira yokonza zenizeni zomwe zikuchitika.
5. King's Quest (1983) ndi King's Quest: Epilogue (2015)
King's Quest (1983)
Kutsatira zochitika za banja lachifumu la Kingdom of Daventry, mndandanda wa King's Quest uli ndi masewera khumi omwe akulitsa mbiri ya wopanga wake, Sierra. M'masewera oyamba mu 1983, wosewerayo ankayang'anira katswiri wachichepere Sir Graham, yemwe anali kufunafuna chuma chamatsenga kuti akhale mfumu yatsopano.
Inde, masewerawa ankawoneka ngati chojambula chojambula pamanja, ndipo inde, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amayenera kulembera malamulo monga momwe amalembera malemba, koma kwa nthawi yake polojekitiyo inkawoneka yodabwitsa. Chowonadi ndichakuti King's Quest ndiye masewera oyamba oyenda okhala ndi makanema ojambula. Izi zisanachitike, masewera ankangogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi komanso zithunzi zokhazikika.
Mu 2015, wopanga The Odd Gentlemen adayambitsanso chilolezo cha King's Quest, ndikuganiziranso zojambulazo ndikupereka ulemu kumasewera oyambilira. Mitu isanu ndi umodzi idasindikizidwa m'zaka ziwiri.
Kufuna kwa King: Epilogue (2015)
Masewerawa akuwonekabe atakokedwa pamanja (owononga: ndi), koma tsopano ndi tsatanetsatane wopangidwa ndi makompyuta. Okonza King's Quest adakwaniritsa izi chifukwa adajambula pamanja ndikujambula zithunzizo, kenako amazisanthula ndikuzikonza pakompyuta.
6. DOOM (1993) ndi DOOM (2016)
DoOM (1993)
1993 inali nthawi yosinthira makampani amasewera apakompyuta. DOOM idatulutsidwa ndikukhala chithunzi cha owombera anthu oyamba. Mu masewerawa, wapamadzi wamlengalenga amayesa kuletsa kuwukira kwa ziwanda.
Awa ndi amodzi mwamasewera ofunika kwambiri m'mbiri yamasewera apakompyuta. DOOM idapanga phokoso mozungulira owombera ndikusintha kusinthika kwazithunzi za 3D, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale makhadi ojambula apamwamba kwambiri. Zithunzi za DOOM yoyamba mu 1993 zinali zotsekemera m'maso.
Ndipo DOOM yeniyeni ya 2016 ikuwonetsa momwe zowonera zasintha pazaka makumi awiri.
DoOM (2016)
Owunikira amakono samaganizira kwambiri zojambula pamutuwu, ndipo akunena zambiri. Tangozolowera pafupifupi zithunzi zamakanema m'masewera, ndipo tsopano timayang'ana kwambiri pamasewera kapena nthano.
7. World of Warcraft (2004) ndi World of Warcraft: Nkhondo ya Azeroth (2018)
World of Warcraft (2004) amaonedwa kuti ndi osokoneza bongo, ndipo zokambirana za masewerawa zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zambiri. Iye ngakhale ndi mankhwala.
World of Warcraft (2004)
Ngati munakulira mukusewera World of Warcraft, ndibwino kuti mukhale pansi - iye , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti masewerawa ali kale ndi zaka 15.
WoW adayambitsa mtundu wa MMORPG. Mu 2008 ntchitoyi inakwana . Pa nthawi yomasulidwa, masewerawa anali osangalatsa kwa maso, ngakhale kuti anali otsika kwambiri komanso alibe shading yeniyeni.
Kwa zaka zambiri, opanga apanga zosintha zingapo kuti World of Warcraft: Nkhondo ya Azeroth (2018) iwoneke bwino.
World of Warcraft: Nkhondo ya Azeroth (2018)
Mosiyana ndi masewera ambiri, World of Warcraft imapereka chidziwitso chimodzi, mosalekeza pa intaneti ndi zosintha zachilendo zomwe zingafanane ndi kukonza ndege mkati mwa ndege. Phukusi lachisanu ndi chiwiri lokulitsa mu 2018, kuyambira pamenepo zithunzi za World of Warcraft chilengedwe sizinasinthe.
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, ngakhale kuti zojambula zamakampani zapita patsogolo (mwachitsanzo, madzi ayamba kusintha, zomera zimakhala zobiriwira, mithunzi ndi yofewa), Blizzard imangosintha pang'onopang'ono, popanda kusintha chithunzi chonse.
8. The Sims (2000) ndi The Sims 4 (2014)
The Sims poyambirira idapangidwa ngati zidole zenizeni.
Sims (2000)
Pambuyo pa nyumba yake , Wopanga Will Wright adapanga The Sims ngati choyimira choyandikana ndi nyumba. Masewerawa sanali oyamba mu mtundu wake, popeza SimCity, SimFarm komanso SimLife analipo kale.
Komabe, kulamulira miyoyo ya anthu mwachindunji kwakhala njira yosangalatsa komanso yachilendo. Masewerawa ndi kayesedwe ka sandbox - simungapambane kapena kuluza momwemo. Idatulutsidwa mu 2000, The Sims idakhala yotchuka nthawi yomweyo.
Sims 4 (2014) ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi masewera oyambirira, koma zolinga ndi zokongoletsa zonse ndizofanana.
Sims 4 (2014)
Sims 4 idatulutsidwa zaka zisanu zapitazo, koma masewerawa amatha mapaketi ambiri okulitsa - zopitilira 20 zowonjezera. Mwachiwonekere, masewerawa alibe mawonekedwe osintha, koma osinthika.
Pofika m'chaka cha 2000, zithunzi zamakompyuta zinali zitakhwima kale, koma pazaka makumi angapo zotsatira, The Sims adatha kulimbikitsa "zojambula zojambulajambula." Kusuntha kwa mawonekedwe kwakhala kwachilengedwe, mawonekedwe a nkhope akhala olondola, ndipo chilichonse chowonekera chakhala chachikulu.
9. Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (1987) ndi EA Sports UFC 3 (2018)
Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (1987)
Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!! (kenako adafupikitsidwa kukhala Punch-Out!!) idatulutsidwa pa NES mu 1987. Pulojekitiyi inali yophweka kwa masewera a masewera chifukwa NES inalibe luso lazojambula kuti lipangitse anthu otchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Makamaka, protagonist Little Mac adafupikitsidwa mwadala kuti akwaniritse malire azithunzi.
Punch Out yodziwika bwino sikupanganso, koma zili bwino - idabala mtundu wonse wamasewera ankhondo. EA Sports UFC 3 ndi imodzi mwama projekiti omwe atenga ndodoyi.
EA Sports UFC 3 (2018)
EA Sports UFC 3 (2018) ilibe Mike Tyson, koma imakhala ndi zithunzi zenizeni, zamakono zomwe mafani a eSports amakonda.
Awa ndi masewera omenyera nkhondo ozikidwa pamasewera osakanikirana ankhondo. Izo sizingawoneke ngati photorealistic monga Madden NFL 20. Koma opanga ali ndi nthawi yovuta chifukwa otchulidwa amatenga gawo lalikulu la chinsalu - chirichonse chiyenera kuwoneka cholondola ndi chenichenicho, monga mu masewera enieni.
10. Galaxian (1979) ndi Galaga Revenge (2019)
galaxian (1979)
Galaxian idatulutsidwa mu 1979. Ena amaona kuti idalowa m'malo mwa Space Invaders ya 1978. Galaxian adalimbikitsa masewera ambiri owombera omwe amaponya chombo chokha motsutsana ndi mafunde osatha a alendo. Inalinso imodzi mwamasewera a Arcade omwe amagwiritsa ntchito utoto.
Kubwezera kwa Galaga (2019)
galaxian ma sequel ambiri ndi ma clones, ndipo adayambitsa mtundu wonse. Kodi zithunzi zakhala zozizira bwanji? Onani mutu wa Galaga Revenge (2019), kwa iOS ndi Android. Kusinthaku sikungawoneke kochititsa chidwi poyerekeza ndi masewera ena amakono a smartphone. Masiku ano, zithunzi zowala komanso zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi makanema ojambula osangalatsa a adani sizingasangalale nazo, koma zili ndi zaka masauzande opepuka patsogolo pa omwe adatsogolera ma 70s.
11. Breakout (1976) ndi Cyberpong VR (2016)
Kuphulika (1976)
Kuphulika kunawonekera mu 1976 m'mabwalo a masewera, ndipo zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake adatumizidwa ku Atari 2600. Adakhala kubadwanso kwabwino kwa Pong (1972).
Breakout ndi ntchito yosavuta kwambiri potengera zojambula, zokhala ndi zowoneka zosavuta komanso mitundu yowerengeka yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa njira, masewera Woyambitsa nawo Apple Steve Wozniak.
Masiku ano pali mazana amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Breakout - pa PC, ma consoles, ndi mafoni. Ambiri aiwo amafuna kusangalatsa wogwiritsa ntchito ndi zithunzi zawo. Mwinamwake chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri chowonetsera kusinthika kwa chithunzicho ndi (2016), yopangidwira HTC Vive.
Cyberpong VR (2016)
Zinanso
Pamene ndimamasulira nkhaniyi, ndinakumbukira zitsanzo zingapo zoyenera komanso zodziwika bwino zomwe pazifukwa zina wolemba anaphonya. Nazi zina mwa izo:
Tomb Raider (1996) ndi Shadow of the Tomb Raider (2018)
Resident Evil (1996) ndi Resident Evil 2 (kukonzanso) (2019)
Kufunika kwa Speed ββββ(1994) ndi Kufunika kwa Speed ββββHeat (2019)
Metal Gear (1987) ndi Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain (2015)
Super Mario Bros. (1985) ndi Super Mario Odyssey (2017)
Grand Theft Auto (1997) ndi Grand Theft Auto V (2015)
FIFA International Soccer (1993) ndi FIFA 20 (2019)
Call of Duty (2003) ndi Kuitana Udindo: Nkhondo Zamakono (2019)
Source: www.habr.com