Nthano yokha imadziuza yokha mwamsanga. Zinadziwika za kampani yaku America ya Enevate, yomwe inali kupanga mabatire a lithiamu-ion okhala ndi silicon anode. Tekinoloje yatsopanoyi idalonjeza kuchulukitsa kachulukidwe kosungirako mphamvu komanso kuyitanitsa mwachangu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, teknoloji yapitirizabe kusintha ndipo magombe akuwonekera kale. Palibe zaka zoposa 5 zomwe zatsala kuti mabatire atsopano ayambe kugwira ntchito.
Kodi Webusaiti ya IEEE Spectrum yokhala ndi ulalo wa Enevate, opanga zazikulu zamagalimoto zamagalimoto, makamaka Renault, Nissan ndi Mitsubishi, komanso opanga mabatire LG Chem ndi Samsung, adayamba chidwi ndiukadaulo wa batri wa kampaniyo. Onsewa ndi ogulitsa ku Enevate. Kukula kwaukadaulo kudayamba pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo. Ngati zikuwoneka m'magalimoto, monga momwe analonjezera, mu 2024-2025, ndiye kuti njira yochokera ku polojekitiyi mpaka kukhazikitsidwa kwake idzakhala zaka 15.
Mwa njira, gulu la alangizi la Enevate limaphatikizapo Mphotho ya Chemistry ya 2019: John Goodenough, yemwe adalandira mphotho yapamwamba chifukwa chakuchita bwino pakupanga mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Adachita nawo chitukuko chaukadaulo wa batri wa Enevate kale asanalandire mphothoyi, kotero ku Enevate samasewera ngati "General waukwati", koma kupita ku bizinesi. Ndipo, kunena zoona, mphoto ikaperekedwa, zimapatsa kampani kulemera kwambiri pamaso pa osunga ndalama.
Lingaliro kumbuyo kwa Enevate ndikupanga anode makamaka kuchokera . Silikoni imatha kusunga ma ion kuti ijambule kachulukidwe kakusungira mphamvu ndikuchita mwachangu kwambiri kuposa ma anode opangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zina (kupatulapo graphene yokwera mtengo kwambiri). Batire ya Enevate lithiamu-ion imalipira mpaka 75% ya mphamvu yake mkati mwa mphindi 5. Ilinso ndi 30% yowonjezera mphamvu kuposa mabatire amakono a lithiamu-ion. Kampaniyo imalengeza gawoli pa 350 Wh / kg. Mwachidziwitso, galimoto yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire a Enevate imatha kuyenda mtunda wa 400 km itayatsa batire kwa mphindi 5.
Chinsinsi cha batri ya Enevate chagona mu mawonekedwe apadera a anode. Chosanjikiza cha silicon mu anode chili ndi makulidwe a ma microns 10 mpaka 60 ndipo ndi porous modabwitsa. Izi zimawonjezera kusuntha kwa ion mu anode ndi kachulukidwe kosungirako mphamvu. Komanso, mawonekedwe a porous amayimitsa njira zowononga mu silicon zomwe zimachitika pakulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa mabatire.
Kuphatikiza apo, silicon wosanjikiza wa anode imatetezedwa mbali zonse ndi graphite. Graphite imalepheretsa kukhudzana kowononga kwa silicon ndi electrolyte. Choyipa chachikulu cha mabatire a Enevate chinali kuwonongeka kwachangu kwa silicon anode wosanjikiza. Chifukwa chake, itatha kuyitanitsa koyamba ndikutulutsa, batire idataya 7% ya mphamvu zake. Mapangidwe a porous a silicon anode wosanjikiza adapangidwa kuti athane ndi vuto ili, koma kuchuluka kwa kampaniyo kwakweza kuchuluka kwa zolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa sikunatchulidwe. Tikukhulupirira kuti kampaniyo itenga zaka zinayi kapena zisanu zomwe zalonjezedwa kuti zibweretse ukadaulo pakupanga malonda.
Source: 3dnews.ru