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Woyang'anira phukusi la GNU Guix 1.0 ndi kugawa kwa GuixSD komwe kulipo

chinachitika Kutulutsidwa kwa phukusi la phukusi GNU Guix 1.0 ndi kugawa kwa GuixSD GNU/Linux komwe kumamangidwa pamaziko ake (Guix System Distribution). Kusintha kwakukulu kwa nambala yamtunduwu kumachitika chifukwa chomaliza kukhazikitsa zonse zolinga, yoperekedwa kuti ipangitse kutulutsidwa kofunikira. Kutulutsidwaku kunaphatikiza zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri za ntchitoyo ndipo adanenedwa kuti ndi yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Za kutsitsa anapanga zithunzi zoyika pa USB Flash (243 MB) ndikugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe owonera (474 ​​​​MB). Imathandizira ntchito pa i686, x86_64, armv7 ndi aarch64 zomangamanga.

Kugawa kumalola kukhazikitsa ngati standalone OS mu machitidwe a virtualization, muzitsulo ndi pa zipangizo wamba, ndi kukhazikitsa m'magawidwe a GNU/Linux omwe adayikidwa kale, akugwira ntchito ngati nsanja yotumizira. Wogwiritsa ntchito amapatsidwa ntchito monga kutengera kudalira, zomanga zobwerezabwereza, kugwira ntchito popanda mizu, kubwereranso kumitundu yam'mbuyomu pakagwa mavuto, kasamalidwe ka kasinthidwe, madera opangira ma cloning (kupanga mawonekedwe enieni a pulogalamu yamakompyuta ena), etc. .

waukulu zatsopano:

  • Zatsopano zowonjezera interactive okhazikitsa, kugwira ntchito mumachitidwe olembedwa;

    Woyang'anira phukusi la GNU Guix 1.0 ndi kugawa kwa GuixSD komwe kulipo

  • Zokonzekera chithunzi chatsopano cha makina pafupifupi, oyenera onse kuzolowerana ndi kugawa ndi kupanga malo ntchito chitukuko;
  • Anawonjezera makina atsopano makapu-pk-helper, imap4d, inputattach, localed, nslcd, zabbix-agent ndi zabbix-server;
  • Zomasulira zamapulogalamu m'mapaketi a 2104 zidasinthidwa, mapaketi atsopano 1102 adawonjezedwa. Kuphatikizira mitundu yosinthidwa ya clojure 1.10.0, makapu 2.2.11, emacs 26.2, gcc 8.3.0, gdb 8.2.1, ghc 8.4.3,
    gimp 2.10.10, glibc 2.28, gnome 3.28.2, gnupg 2.2.15, pitani 1.12.1,
    chinyengo 2.2.4, icecat 60.6.1-guix1, icedtea 3.7.0, inkscape 0.92.4,
    libreoffice 6.1.5.2, linux-libre 5.0.10, mate 1.22.0, ocaml 4.07.1,
    octave 5.1.0, openjdk 11.28, python 3.7.0, dzimbiri 1.34.0, r 3.6.0,
    sbcl 1.5.1, mbusa 0.6.0, xfce 4.12.1 ndi xorg-server 1.20.4;

  • GNU Shepherd Service Manager wasinthidwa kukhala mtundu 0.6, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito ntchito, momwe ntchitoyo imayimitsidwa mwamsanga pambuyo poyambitsa bwino, yomwe ingafunike kuyambitsa ntchito imodzi isanayambe ntchito zina, mwachitsanzo, kuyeretsa kapena kuyambitsa;
  • Pa lamulo la "guix package", mawu oti "install", "chotsani", "kwezani" ndi "sakani" omwe amawongolera ma phukusi ena awonjezedwa. Kuti mufufuze phukusi mungagwiritse ntchito lamulo la "guix search", kukhazikitsa "guix install", ndikusintha "guix pull" ndi "guix upgrade";
  • Chizindikiro cha momwe ntchito ikuyendera komanso kuwunikira kwamitundu ya mauthenga ozindikira awonjezedwa kwa woyang'anira phukusi. Mwachikhazikitso, malamulo ambiri tsopano akuyenda popanda kutulutsa kwatsatanetsatane, komwe kumathandizidwa ndi "-v" (--verbosity);
  • Lamulo latsopano "guix system delete-generations" ndi zosankha "guix pack -save-provenance", "guix pull -news", "guix environment -preserve", "guix gc -list-roots", "guix" zawonjezedwa. kwa woyang'anira phukusi la guix gc -delete-generations", "guix weather -coverage";
  • Zosankha zatsopano zawonjezeredwa kutembenuka kwa phukusi "--with-git-url" ndi "--ndi-nthambi";
  • Minda yokonzekera "keyboard-layout" pofotokozera masanjidwe a kiyibodi, "xorg-configuration" pakukonzekera seva ya X, "label" ya lebulo lachigawo ndi "zofunikira-ntchito" pofotokozera mautumiki akuluakulu awonjezedwa kugawa;
  • Lamulo lowonjezera la "guix pack -RR" kuti mupange zolemba zakale zazomwe zitha kusuntha zomwe zitha kuyendetsedwa molingana ndi njira zomwe zili m'malo a dzina la wogwiritsa ntchito kapena wachibale wa PROot;
  • "guix pull" imapereka mapangidwe a paketi ya phukusi kuti ifulumizitse kusaka ndi dzina ndikupereka kuyika kwa phukusi la "glibc-utf8-locales";
  • Kubwereza kwathunthu (bit for bit) kwa zithunzi za ISO zopangidwa ndi lamulo la "guix system" kumatsimikiziridwa;
  • GDM imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati woyang'anira malowedwe m'malo mwa SLiM;
  • Thandizo lomanga Guix pogwiritsa ntchito Guile 2.0 lathetsedwa.

Tikukumbutseni kuti woyang'anira phukusi la GNU Guix adatengera zomwe polojekitiyi ikuchita nix komanso kuwonjezera pa machitidwe kasamalidwe ka phukusi, imathandizira zinthu monga kuchita zosintha, kutha kubweza zosintha, kugwira ntchito osapeza mwayi wa superuser, kuthandizira ma profailo omangidwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kutha kukhazikitsa nthawi imodzi mitundu ingapo ya pulogalamu imodzi, zida zosonkhanitsira zinyalala (kuzindikiritsa ndi kuchotsa ma phukusi osagwiritsidwa ntchito). Kutanthawuza zochitika zomanga mapulogalamu ndi malamulo opangira phukusi, akufunsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito chinenero chapadera chapamwamba kwambiri cha domain ndi zigawo za API ya Guile Scheme, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wochita ntchito zonse zoyendetsera phukusi mu Chiyankhulo cha chinenero chogwira ntchito.

Imathandizira kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito mapaketi okonzedwera woyang'anira phukusi la Nix ndikuyikidwa mosungira
Nixpkgs. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zokhala ndi phukusi, ndizotheka kupanga zolemba kuti muzitha kuyang'anira makonzedwe a pulogalamu. Phukusi likamangidwa, zodalira zonse zomwe zimagwirizana nazo zimatsitsidwa ndikumangidwa. Ndizotheka kutsitsa mapaketi a binary omwe apangidwa kale kuchokera kunkhokwe kapena kumanga kuchokera kumagwero ndi zodalira zonse. Zida zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti matembenuzidwe a mapulogalamu omwe adayikidwa apitirirebe pokonzekera kukhazikitsa zosintha kuchokera kunkhokwe yakunja.

Malo omanga phukusi amapangidwa ngati chidebe chomwe chili ndi zigawo zonse zofunika kuti pulogalamuyo igwire ntchito, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopanga maphukusi omwe amatha kugwira ntchito mosasamala kanthu za kapangidwe ka malo oyambira omwe amagawira, momwe Guix imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera. Kudalira kumatha kuzindikirika pakati pa maphukusi a Guix mwa kusanthula ma hashes ozindikiritsa mu chikwatu chomwe chayikidwa kuti mupeze zodalira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kale. Maphukusi amaikidwa mumtundu wina wowongolera kapena kalozera kakang'ono mu bukhu la wogwiritsa ntchito, kulola kuti likhale limodzi ndi oyang'anira ma phukusi ena ndikupereka chithandizo chamagulu osiyanasiyana omwe alipo. Mwachitsanzo, phukusili limayikidwa ngati /nix/store/f42d5878f3a0b426064a2b64a0c6f92-firefox-66.0.0/, pomwe "f42d58..." ndi chizindikiritso chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito powunika kudalira.

Kugawa kumaphatikizapo zigawo zaulere zokha ndipo kumabwera ndi GNU Linux-Libre kernel, yotsukidwa ndi zinthu zopanda ufulu za firmware binary. GCC 8.3 imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Woyang'anira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yoyambira GNU Shepherd (kale dmd), yopangidwa ngati njira ina ya SysV-init yokhala ndi chithandizo chodalira. The Shepherd control daemon ndi zofunikira zimalembedwa mu Chinyengo (chimodzi mwamakhazikitsidwe a chilankhulo cha Scheme), chomwe chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutanthauzira magawo oyambitsa ntchito. Chithunzi choyambira chimathandizira mawonekedwe a console, koma pakuyika kukonzekera 9714 mapaketi opangidwa okonzeka, kuphatikiza zigawo za graphics stack zochokera X.Org, dwm ndi ratpoison mawindo oyang'anira, Xfce desktop, komanso kusankha graphical ntchito.

Source: opennet.ru

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