Document-oriented DBMS MongoDB 5.0 ilipo

Kutulutsidwa kwa DBMS MongoDB 5.0 yopangidwa ndi zolemba kumaperekedwa, yomwe imakhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono pakati pa machitidwe ofulumira komanso owopsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito deta mumtundu wamtengo wapatali / wamtengo wapatali, ndi ma DBMS ogwirizana omwe amagwira ntchito komanso osavuta kupanga mafunso. Khodi ya MongoDB yalembedwa mu C ++ ndikugawidwa pansi pa layisensi ya SSPL, yomwe imachokera ku layisensi ya AGPLv3, koma siili yotseguka, chifukwa ili ndi zofunikira zatsankho kuti ziperekedwe pansi pa layisensi ya SSPL osati code yogwiritsira ntchito yokha, komanso gwero. code ya zigawo zonse zomwe zikukhudzidwa popereka utumiki wamtambo .

MongoDB imathandizira kusunga zikalata mumtundu wa JSON, ili ndi chilankhulo chosavuta kupanga mafunso, imatha kupanga zolemba zamakhalidwe osiyanasiyana osungidwa, imathandizira kusungirako zinthu zazikulu zamabina, imathandizira kudula mitengo kuti isinthe ndikuwonjezera deta ku database. gwirani ntchito molingana ndi paradigm Mapu / Chepetsani, imathandizira kubwereza komanso kupanga masinthidwe olekerera zolakwika.

MongoDB ili ndi zida zopangira zoperekera sharding (kugawa ma data pama seva kutengera fungulo linalake), kuphatikiza ndi kubwerezabwereza, kukulolani kuti mupange gulu losungika lokhazikika momwe mulibe vuto limodzi (kulephera). za node iliyonse sizimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a database), kuchira kokha pambuyo pa kulephera ndikusamutsa katundu kuchokera kumalo olephera. Kukulitsa gulu kapena kusintha seva imodzi kukhala gulu kumachitika popanda kuyimitsa nkhokwe pongowonjezera makina atsopano.

Zomwe zatulutsidwa kumene:

• Zosonkhanitsa zowonjezeredwa za data mumtundu wa nthawi (zosonkhanitsa nthawi), zokongoletsedwa kuti zisungidwe magawo amitundu yamitundu yojambulidwa pakapita nthawi (nthawi ndi seti ya zikhalidwe zomwe zikugwirizana ndi nthawi ino). Kufunika kosungirako zidziwitso zotere kumabwera mumayendedwe owunikira, nsanja zandalama, ndi machitidwe a maiko a sensor sensor. Kugwira ntchito ndi data yotsatizana nthawi kumachitika ngati zosonkhanitsira wamba, koma zolozera ndi njira zosungirako zimakonzedwa bwino poganizira nthawi yomwe imayang'anira nthawi, yomwe ingachepetse kwambiri kuwononga malo a disk, kuchepetsa kuchedwa pakufunsa mafunso ndikupangitsa kuti data yanthawi yeniyeni. kusanthula.

  MongoDB imawona zosonkhanitsidwa ngati zolembedwa, zosagwirizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimamangidwa pazosonkhanitsira zamkati zomwe, zikayikidwa, zimangophatikiza zotsatizana zanthawi kuti zikhale zosungidwa bwino. Pankhaniyi, mbiri iliyonse yokhazikika nthawi imatengedwa ngati chikalata chosiyana ikafunsidwa. Deta imayitanidwa yokha ndikuyikidwa ndi nthawi (palibe chifukwa chopanga ma index a nthawi).

• Thandizo lowonjezera kwa ogwiritsira ntchito mawindo (ntchito zowunikira) zomwe zimakulolani kuchitapo kanthu ndi zolemba zina zomwe mukusonkhanitsa. Mosiyana ndi ntchito zophatikizika, mawindo a mawindo sagwetsa gulu, koma amaphatikiza kutengera zomwe zili mu "zenera" lomwe lili ndi chikalata chimodzi kapena zingapo kuchokera pazotsatira. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito kagawo kakang'ono ka zikalata, gawo latsopano la $ setWindowFields likukonzedwa, lomwe mungathe, mwachitsanzo, kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa zikalata ziwiri zosonkhanitsidwa, kuwerengera masanjidwe ogulitsa, ndikusanthula zambiri munthawi zovuta.
• Thandizo lowonjezera la kumasulira kwa API, lomwe limakulolani kumangirira pulogalamu ku chigawo china cha API ndikuchotsa zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphwanya kotheka kwa kugwirizanitsa kumbuyo pamene mukusamukira ku zotulutsidwa zatsopano za DBMS. Kumasulira kwa API kumalekanitsa nthawi ya moyo wa ntchito kuchokera ku moyo wa DBMS ndikulola opanga kusintha kuti agwiritse ntchito pamene pakufunika kugwiritsa ntchito zatsopano, osati pamene akusamukira ku mtundu watsopano wa DBMS.
• Thandizo lowonjezera la makina a Live Resharding, omwe amakulolani kusintha makiyi a shard omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawanika pa ntchentche popanda kuyimitsa DBMS.
• Kuthekera kwa ma encryption minda kumbali ya kasitomala waworitsidwa (Client-Side Field Level Encryption). Tsopano ndi kotheka kukonzanso zosefera zowerengera ndikusintha masatifiketi a x509 popanda kuyimitsa DBMS. Thandizo lowonjezera pakukonza cipher suite ya TLS 1.3.
• Chigoba chatsopano cha mzere wa malamulo, MongoDB Shell (mongosh), chikuperekedwa, chomwe chikupangidwa ngati pulojekiti yosiyana, yolembedwa mu JavaScript pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja ya Node.js ndikugawidwa pansi pa chilolezo cha Apache 2.0. MongoDB Shell imathandizira kulumikizana ndi DBMS, sinthani makonda ndi kutumiza mafunso. Imathandizira kukwaniritsidwa kwanzeru kwa njira zolowera, malamulo ndi mafotokozedwe a MQL, kuwunikira mawu, chithandizo chanthawi zonse, mauthenga olakwika komanso kuthekera kokulitsa magwiridwe antchito kudzera pazowonjezera. Chovala chakale cha "mongo" CLI chachotsedwa ndipo chidzachotsedwa kumasulidwa mtsogolo.
• Ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano awonjezedwa: $count, $dateAdd, $dateDiff, $dateSubtract, $sampleRate ndi $rand.
• Imawonetsetsa kuti ma index akugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito $eq, $lt, $lte, $gt ndi $gte oyendetsa mkati mwa $expr mawu.
• Zophatikiza, kupeza, kupezaAndModify, zosintha, kufufuta malamulo ndi db.collection.aggregate(), db.collection.findAndModify(), db.collection.update() ndi db.collection.remove() njira tsopano zimathandizira “kulola ” kusankha kutanthauzira mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malamulo aziwerengeka polekanitsa zosintha kuchokera ku bungwe lopempha.
• Pezani, werengerani, siyanitsani, phatikizani, chepetsani, listCollections, ndi listIndexes ntchito sizimatsekekanso ngati ntchito yomwe imatseka loko pamapepala ikugwira ntchito limodzi.
• Monga gawo la njira yochotsera mawu olakwika pandale, lamulo la isMaster ndi db.isMaster() lasinthidwanso kuti hello ndi db.hello().
• Dongosolo la manambala omasulidwa lasinthidwa ndipo kusintha kwasinthidwa kukhala dongosolo lodziwikiratu lotulutsidwa. Kamodzi pachaka padzakhala kutulutsidwa kwakukulu (5.0, 6.0, 7.0), miyezi itatu iliyonse kutulutsidwa kwapakatikati komwe kumakhala ndi zatsopano (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, zosintha zosintha ndi kukonza zolakwika ndi zovuta (5.1.1, 5.1.2) .5.1.3, 5.1). Kutulutsa kwakanthawi kudzamanga magwiridwe antchito pakumasulidwa kwakukulu kotsatira, i.e. MongoDB 5.2, 5.3, ndi 6.0 ipereka zatsopano pakutulutsidwa kwa MongoDB XNUMX.

Source: opennet.ru