BLAKE3 cryptographic hash ntchito yomwe ilipo, yomwe ili mwachangu ka 10 kuposa SHA-2

Kukhazikitsa komaliza kwa algorithm kwasindikizidwa YAM'MBUYO, yomwe imapereka ntchito ya cryptographic hash yopangidwira mapulogalamu monga kufufuza kukhulupirika kwa fayilo, kutsimikizira uthenga, ndi kupanga deta ya siginecha ya digito. BLAKE3 sinapangidwe kuti ikhale yachinsinsi (pama passwords omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito yescrypt, bcrypt, scrypt kapena Argon2), chifukwa cholinga chake ndi kuwerengera ma hashes mwachangu momwe mungathere ndi chitsimikizo choti palibe kugundana, chitetezo ku kupeza chitsanzo komanso osazindikira kukula kwa data ya hashi. Kukhazikitsa kwa BLAKE3 losindikizidwa Awiri ovomerezeka pansi pa Public Domain (CC0) ndi Apache 2.0.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa ntchito yatsopano ya hashi ndikuchita kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa mawerengedwe a hashi ndikusunga kudalirika pamlingo wa SHA-3. Mwachikhazikitso, kukula kwa hashi mu BLAKE3 ndi ma byte 32 (256 bits), koma kutha kukulitsidwa kuzinthu zosagwirizana. Mu kuyesa kwa hashi kwa fayilo ya 16 KB, BLAKE3 imaposa SHA3-256 ndi nthawi 15, SHA-256 ndi 12 times, SHA-512 ndi 8 times, SHA-1 ndi 6, ndi BLAKE2b ndi 4. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumatsalira pokonza zochulukira zambiri, mwachitsanzo, BLAKE3 idakhalapo mwachangu SHA-256 ndi nthawi 8 powerengera hashi ya 1GB ya data mwachisawawa.

Algorithm idapangidwa ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino a cryptography (Jack O'Connor, Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Samuel Neves, Zooko Wilcox-O'Hearn) ndipo akupitiliza kupanga algorithm YAM'MBUYO ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira mtengo wa blockchain Bao. Mosiyana ndi BLAKE2 (BLAKE2b, BLAKE2s), BLAKE3 imapereka algorithm imodzi pamapulatifomu onse, osamangidwa kukuya pang'ono ndi kukula kwa hashi.

Kuchulukirachulukira kudakwaniritsidwa pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa zozungulira kuchokera ku 10 mpaka 7 ndikupatula ma hashing blocks mu zidutswa za 1 KB. Malinga ndi olenga, adapeza zokhutiritsa chitsimikizo, kuti mutha kudutsa ndi zozungulira 7 m'malo mwa 10 ndikusungabe kudalirika komweko (kuti mumveke bwino, mutha kupereka chitsanzo ndi kusakaniza zipatso mu chosakanizira - pambuyo pa masekondi 7 zipatsozo zasakanizidwa kale ndipo masekondi 3 owonjezera atha. osakhudza kusasinthasintha kwa osakaniza). Komabe, ofufuza ena amakayikira, akukhulupirira kuti ngakhale pakali pano maulendo a 7 ndi okwanira kupirira ziwonetsero zonse zodziwika pa hashes, ndiye kuti maulendo atatu owonjezera angakhale othandiza ngati kuukiridwa kwatsopano kudzadziwika m'tsogolomu.

Ponena za kugawa mu midadada, mu BLAKE3 mtsinjewo umagawidwa mu zidutswa za 1 KB ndipo chidutswa chilichonse chimathamanga paokha. Kutengera ma hashes a zidutswa pamunsi mtengo wa binary merkle hashi imodzi yayikulu imapangidwa. Kugawanikaku kumatithandiza kuthetsa vuto la kufanana kwa deta powerengera hashi - mwachitsanzo, mungagwiritse ntchito malangizo a SIMD a 4 kuti muwerenge nthawi imodzi ma hashes a midadada 4. Ntchito zachikhalidwe za SHA-* hashi zimakonza deta motsatizana.

Zina mwa BLAKE3:

• Kuchita kwakukulu;
• Chitetezo, kuphatikizapo kukana uthenga elongation kuukira, yomwe SHA-2 imakhudzidwa;
• Kuwonetsetsa kufanana kwa mawerengedwe pamtundu uliwonse wa ulusi ndi njira za SIMD;
• Kuthekera kwa kukonzanso kowonjezera ndi kutsimikizika kwa mitsinje;
• Gwiritsani ntchito PRF, MAC, KDF, XOF modes komanso ngati hashi wokhazikika;
• Algorithm imodzi yamamangidwe onse, mwachangu pamakina onse a x86-64 ndi ma processor a 32-bit ARM.

Source: opennet.ru