2001: Wowononga Odyssey
Mipiringidzo iwiri kummawa kwa Washington Square Park, Nyumba ya Warren Weaver imakhala yankhanza komanso yochititsa chidwi ngati linga. Dipatimenti ya sayansi ya makompyuta ku New York University ili pano. Njira yolowera mpweya m'mafakitale imapanga chinsalu chosalekeza cha mpweya wotentha mozungulira nyumbayo, zomwe zimakhumudwitsanso mabizinesi omwe akuyenda movutikira komanso ongoyendayenda. Ngati mlendoyo angakwanitsebe kuthana ndi chitetezo ichi, amalandilidwa ndi chotchinga chotsatira chachikulu - desiki yolandirira alendo pakhomo lokhalo.
Pambuyo pa kauntala yolowera, kuuma kwa mlengalenga kumachepa pang'ono. Koma ngakhale pano, mlendo nthawi ndi nthawi amakumana ndi zikwangwani zochenjeza za kuopsa kwa zitseko zosakhoma komanso zotsekera moto. Zikuoneka kuti zimatikumbutsa kuti palibe chitetezo ndi kusamala kwambiri ngakhale panthaŵi yabata yomwe inatha pa September 11, 2001.
Ndipo zizindikiro izi zimasiyana moseketsa ndi omvera akudzaza holo yamkati. Ena mwa anthuwa amawoneka ngati ophunzira ochokera ku yunivesite yotchuka ya New York. Koma ambiri aiwo amawoneka ngati osokonekera nthawi zonse pamakonsati ndi ziwonetsero zamakalabu, ngati kuti adawonekera pakupuma pakati pa zochitika. Khamu lokongolali linadzaza nyumbayi mofulumira kwambiri m'mawa uno kotero kuti mlonda wa m'deralo adangogwedeza dzanja lake ndikukhala pansi kuti awonere chiwonetsero cha Ricki Lake pa TV, akugwedeza mapewa ake nthawi iliyonse alendo osayembekezereka adatembenukira kwa iye ndi mafunso okhudza "kulankhula" kwina.
Atalowa muholoyo, mlendoyo akuwona munthu yemwe mosadziwa anatumiza chitetezo champhamvu cha m’nyumbayo kuti chiyende mopitirira muyeso. Uyu ndi Richard Matthew Stallman, woyambitsa GNU Project, woyambitsa Free Software Foundation, wopambana MacArthur Fellowship kwa 1990, wopambana Mphotho ya Grace Murray Hopper chaka chomwecho, wolandira nawo Mphotho ya Takeda ya Economic and Social. Kupititsa patsogolo, ndikungowononga AI Lab. Monga tanenera mu chilengezo chotumizidwa ku malo ambiri owononga, kuphatikizapo mkuluyo GNU Project portal, Stallman anafika ku Manhattan, kwawo, kuti apereke mawu omwe ankayembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali motsutsana ndi kampeni ya Microsoft yotsutsa chilolezo cha GNU GPL.
Zolankhula za Stallman zimayang'ana zakale komanso zam'tsogolo za kayendetsedwe ka pulogalamu yaulere. Malo sanasankhidwe mwangozi. Mwezi umodzi m'mbuyomo, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa Microsoft Craig Mundy adayang'ana pafupi kwambiri, ku School of Business ya yunivesite yomweyo. Adadziwika chifukwa cha zolankhula zake, zomwe zidali zowukira komanso zoneneza chiphaso cha GNU GPL. Richard Stallman adapanga laisensiyi pambuyo pa chosindikizira cha Xerox laser zaka 16 zapitazo monga njira yothanirana ndi malayisensi ndi mapangano omwe adaphimba makampani apakompyuta mu chophimba chosatheka chachinsinsi komanso umwini. Chofunikira cha GNU GPL ndikuti imapanga mawonekedwe amtundu wa anthu - zomwe tsopano zimatchedwa "digital public domain" - pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yalamulo ya kukopera, zomwe ndizomwe zimapangidwira. GPL idapangitsa kuti mtundu uwu wa umwini ukhale wosasinthika komanso wosasinthika - kachidindo kamodzi kogawidwa ndi anthu sikungachotsedwe kapena kugawidwa. Ntchito zotumphukira, ngati zigwiritsa ntchito nambala ya GPL, ziyenera kulandira chilolezochi. Chifukwa cha izi, otsutsa GNU GPL amachitcha kuti "viral", ngati kuti chikugwira ntchito pa pulogalamu iliyonse yomwe ikukhudza. .
Stallman anati: “Kuyerekeza ndi kachilomboka n’kovuta kwambiri, poyerekezera ndi maluwa: amafalikira ngati mwawabzala mwakhama.”
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za chilolezo cha GPL, pitani Tsamba la projekiti ya GNU.
Kwa chuma chamakono chamakono chomwe chimadalira kwambiri mapulogalamu ndi kumangirizidwa kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu, GPL yakhala ndodo yaikulu yeniyeni. Ngakhale makampani omwe poyamba ankawanyoza, akumatcha "socialism for software," anayamba kuzindikira ubwino wa chilolezochi. Linux kernel, yopangidwa ndi wophunzira waku Finnish Linus Torvalds mu 1991, ili ndi chilolezo pansi pa GPL, monga momwe zilili ndi zigawo zambiri: GNU Emacs, GNU Debugger, GNU GCC, ndi zina zotero. Pamodzi, zigawozi zimapanga dongosolo laulere la GNU/Linux, lomwe limapangidwa ndikukhala ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Zimphona zapamwamba zapamwamba monga IBM, Hewlett-Packard ndi Oracle, m'malo mowona pulogalamu yaulere yomwe ikukula nthawi zonse ngati chiwopsezo, imagwiritsa ntchito ngati maziko a ntchito zawo zamalonda ndi ntchito. .
Mapulogalamu aulere akhalanso chida chawo chothandizira pankhondo yayitali ndi Microsoft Corporation, yomwe yakhala ikulamulira msika wamapulogalamu apakompyuta kuyambira kumapeto kwa 80s. Ndi makina odziwika kwambiri apakompyuta — Windows — Microsoft ikuvutika kwambiri ndi GPL pamsika. Pulogalamu iliyonse yomwe ikuphatikizidwa mu Windows imatetezedwa ndi kukopera komanso EULA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafayilo omwe asungidwe ndi ma source code akhale eni ake, kulepheretsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuwerenga kapena kusintha ma code. Ngati Microsoft ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito kachidindo ka GPL pamakina ake, iyenera kulembetsanso dongosolo lonse pansi pa GPL. Ndipo izi zidzapatsa omwe akupikisana nawo a Microsoft mwayi wokopera malonda ake, kukonza ndi kugulitsa, potero kusokoneza maziko a bizinesi ya kampani - kulumikiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuzinthu zake.
Apa ndipamene nkhawa ya Microsoft pakukula kwamakampani kutengera GPL ikukula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Mundy posachedwapa anaukira GPL ndi gwero lotseguka polankhula. (Microsoft sadziwa n'komwe mawu oti "pulogalamu yaulere", imakonda kutsutsa mawu oti "open source" monga momwe tafotokozera mu . Izi zimachitika pofuna kuchotsa chidwi cha anthu kuchoka kumayendedwe apulogalamu yaulere ndikuyang'ana pazandale.) Ichi ndichifukwa chake Richard Stallman adaganiza zotsutsa poyera mawuwa lero pasukulu ino.
Zaka makumi awiri ndi nthawi yayitali kwa makampani opanga mapulogalamu. Tangoganizani: mu 1980, pamene Richard Stallman anatemberera chosindikizira cha Xerox laser mu labu la AI, Microsoft sichinali chimphona chamakampani apadziko lonse lapansi, chinali chiyambi chaching'ono chachinsinsi. IBM inali isanatulutsenso PC yake yoyamba kapena kusokoneza msika wamakompyuta otsika mtengo. Panalibenso matekinoloje ambiri omwe timawatenga mopepuka masiku ano - intaneti, kanema wawayilesi, ma 32-bit amasewera. Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito kumakampani ambiri omwe tsopano "amasewera mu ligi yayikulu yamabizinesi," monga Apple, Amazon, Dell - mwina kulibe m'chilengedwe, kapena amakumana ndi zovuta. Zitsanzo zitha kuperekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Pakati pa omwe amayamikira chitukuko kuposa ufulu, kupita patsogolo kwachangu mu nthawi yochepa kumatchulidwa ngati gawo la mkangano wa GNU GPL ndi wotsutsa. Othandizira a GPL akuwonetsa kufunikira kwakanthawi kochepa kwa zida zamakompyuta. Pofuna kupewa chiopsezo chogula chinthu chachikale, ogula amayesa kusankha makampani odalirika kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, msika umakhala wopambana-kutenga-onse. Akuti malo a pulogalamu ya eni ake, amatsogolera ku ulamuliro wankhanza komanso kusasunthika kwa msika. Makampani olemera komanso amphamvu adadula mpweya kwa opikisana nawo ang'onoang'ono komanso oyambitsa zatsopano.
Otsutsa awo amanena zosiyana. Malinga ndi iwo, kugulitsa mapulogalamu ndi kowopsa monga kupanga, ngati sichoncho. Popanda zitetezero zamalamulo zomwe zilolezo za eni eni zimapereka, makampani sadzakhala ndi zolimbikitsa kupanga. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa "mapulogalamu akupha" omwe amapanga misika yatsopano. Ndipo kachiwiri, kuyimirira kukulamulira pamsika, zatsopano zikuchepa. Monga momwe Mundy mwiniwake adanenera m'mawu ake, ma virus a GPL "amawopseza" kwa kampani iliyonse yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zapadera za mapulogalamu ake ngati mwayi wopikisana.
Zimasokonezanso maziko enieni a gawo la mapulogalamu odziyimira pawokha.
chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kugawa mapulogalamu malinga ndi chitsanzo
kugula zinthu, osati kungolipirira kukopera.
Kupambana kwa onse a GNU/Linux ndi Windows pazaka 10 zapitazi kumatiuza kuti mbali zonse zili ndi zolondola. Koma Stallman ndi othandizira mapulogalamu ena aulere amakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi nkhani yachiwiri. Iwo amati chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri si kupambana kwa mapulogalamu aulere kapena eni ake, koma ngati zili zoyenera.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti osewera amakampani opanga mapulogalamu azigwira. Ngakhale opanga amphamvu ngati Microsoft amasamalira kwambiri kuthandizira opanga gulu lachitatu omwe ntchito zawo, phukusi laukadaulo ndi masewera zimapangitsa nsanja ya Windows kukhala yosangalatsa kwa ogula. Pofotokoza za kuphulika kwa msika waukadaulo pazaka 20 zapitazi, osatchulanso zomwe kampani yake idachita panthawi yomweyi, Mundy adalangiza omvera kuti asachite chidwi kwambiri ndi pulogalamu yatsopano yaulere:
Zaka makumi awiri zinachitikira zasonyeza kuti chitsanzo zachuma kuti
imateteza luntha, ndi chitsanzo cha bizinesi kuti
amathetsa ndalama zofufuza ndi chitukuko, akhoza kulenga
zopindulitsa pazachuma ndikuzigawa kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi mawu onsewa amene analankhulidwa mwezi wapitawo, Stallman akukonzekera kulankhula kwake, ataimirira pabwalo mwa omvera.
Zaka 20 zapitazi zasinthiratu dziko laukadaulo wapamwamba kuti likhale labwino. Richard Stallman wasinthanso pang'ono panthawiyi, koma zili bwino? Wapita ndi wowonda, wometedwa bwino yemwe nthawi ina adakhala pamaso pa PDP-10 wake wokondedwa. Tsopano, m’malo mwa iye, pali mwamuna wina wonenepa kwambiri, wazaka zapakati wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali ndi ndevu za rabi, mwamuna amene amathera nthaŵi yake yonse kutumiza maimelo, kulangiza anzake, ndi kukamba nkhani ngati za masiku ano. Atavala t-sheti yobiriwira m'nyanja ndi thalauza la poliyesitala, Richard akuwoneka ngati munthu wa m'chipululu yemwe wangotuluka kumene pa siteshoni ya Salvation Army.
Pali otsatira ambiri amalingaliro ndi zokonda za Stallman pagulu. Ambiri adabwera ndi ma laputopu ndi ma modemu am'manja kuti ajambule ndikupereka mawu a Stallman kwa omvera omwe akuyembekezera pa intaneti momwe angathere. Maonekedwe a jenda la alendowa ndi osiyana kwambiri, amuna 15 kwa mkazi aliyense, amayi omwe ali ndi nyama zodzaza - ma penguin, mascot ovomerezeka a Linux, ndi teddy bears.
Mwankhawa, Richard akutsika siteji, kukhala pampando wakutsogolo ndikuyamba kulemba malamulo pa laputopu yake. Chifukwa chake mphindi 10 zimadutsa, ndipo Stallman sazindikira ngakhale kuchuluka kwa ophunzira, mapulofesa ndi mafani omwe amathamangira kutsogolo kwake pakati pa omvera ndi siteji.
Simungangoyamba kulankhula popanda kutsata miyambo yokongoletsera yamaphunziro, monga kudziwitsa omvera bwino za wokamba nkhani. Koma Stallman akuwoneka ngati sakuyenera chimodzi chokha, koma zisudzo ziwiri. Mike Yuretsky, wotsogolera pa School of Business Center for Advanced Technologies, adatenga woyamba.
"Imodzi mwa ntchito za yunivesite ndi kulimbikitsa mkangano ndi kulimbikitsa zokambirana zosangalatsa," akuyamba Yuretski, "ndipo semina yathu lero ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi ntchitoyi. Malingaliro anga, kukambitsirana kwa magwero otseguka ndikosangalatsa kwambiri. ”
Yuretski asananene mawu ena, Stallman akukwera mpaka kutalika kwake ndi mafunde, ngati dalaivala yemwe ali m'mphepete mwa msewu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka.
"Ndimakonda pulogalamu yaulere," akutero Richard pokulitsa kuseka kwa omvera, "gwero lotseguka ndi njira ina."
Kuwomba m'manja kumathetsa kuseka. Omvera ali odzaza ndi zigawenga za Stallman omwe akudziwa mbiri yake ngati ngwazi yachilankhulo cholondola, komanso wotchuka wa Richard yemwe amatsutsana ndi oyimira gwero lotseguka mu 1998. Ambiri a iwo anali kuyembekezera chinachake chonga ichi, monga momwe mafani a nyenyezi zonyansa amayembekezera antics awo siginecha ku mafano awo.
Yuretsky amamaliza msanga mawu ake oyamba ndikupereka njira kwa Edmond Schonberg, pulofesa mu dipatimenti ya sayansi yamakompyuta ku yunivesite ya New York. Schonberg ndi wolemba mapulogalamu komanso membala wa polojekiti ya GNU, ndipo amadziwa bwino mapu a migodi ya mawu. Akufotokoza mwachidule ulendo wa Stallman kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga mapulogalamu amakono.
"Richard ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha munthu yemwe, pogwira ntchito pamavuto ang'onoang'ono, adayamba kuganiza za vuto lalikulu - vuto la kusapezeka kwa ma source code," akutero Schonberg, "adapanga filosofi yokhazikika, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe tidafotokozeranso tanthauzo la magwero. momwe timaganizira za kupanga mapulogalamu, zaluntha, za gulu lachitukuko cha mapulogalamu."
Schonberg akupereka moni kwa Stallman kuti awombe m'manja. Mwamsanga amazimitsa laputopu yake, akukwera pa siteji ndikuwonekera pamaso pa omvera.
Poyamba, machitidwe a Richard amawoneka ngati kuyimilira kusiyana ndi mawu andale. "Ndikufuna kuthokoza Microsoft pazifukwa zomveka zolankhulira pano," iye nthabwala, "m'masabata aposachedwa ndakhala ngati wolemba buku lomwe linaletsedwa kwinakwake chifukwa chakusamvana."
Kuti abweretse osadziwika bwino, Stallman amayendetsa pulogalamu yachidule yophunzitsira yotengera mafanizo. Amayerekezera pulogalamu ya pakompyuta ndi njira yophikira. Onsewa amapereka malangizo othandiza pang'onopang'ono momwe mungakwaniritsire cholinga chomwe mukufuna. Zonse zikhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta kuti zigwirizane ndi zochitika kapena zofuna zanu. “Simufunikira kutsatira ndendende maphikidwe,” Stallman akufotokoza motero, “mukhoza kusiya zosakaniza zina kapena kuwonjezera bowa chifukwa chakuti mumakonda bowa. Ikani mchere wocheperako chifukwa dokotala wakulangizani choncho - kapena chilichonse. ”
Chofunika kwambiri, malinga ndi Stallman, ndikuti mapulogalamu ndi maphikidwe ndi osavuta kugawa. Kuti mugawane maphikidwe a chakudya chamadzulo ndi mlendo wanu, zomwe mukufuna ndi pepala ndi mphindi zingapo. Kukopera mapulogalamu apakompyuta kumafunanso zochepa - kungodina pang'ono mbewa ndi magetsi pang'ono. M’zochitika zonsezi, munthu woperekayo amalandira phindu loŵirikiza: kumalimbitsa ubwenzi ndi kumawonjezera mwaŵi wakuti mofananamo adzagaŵidwe naye.
“Tsopano yerekezerani kuti maphikidwe onse ali m’bokosi lakuda,” akupitiriza motero Richard, “simudziŵa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, sungasinthe maphikidwewo ndi kugawana ndi mnzanu. Mukachita zimenezi, mudzatchedwa wachifwamba n’kuikidwa m’ndende kwa zaka zambiri. Dziko loterolo lingayambitse mkwiyo ndi kukanidwa kwakukulu pakati pa anthu okonda kuphika ndi ozoloŵera kugawana maphikidwe. Koma ndilo dziko chabe la mapulogalamu aumwini. Dziko limene kukhulupirika kwa anthu n’koletsedwa ndi kuponderezedwa.”
Pambuyo pa fanizo loyambirirali, Stallman akufotokoza nkhani ya chosindikizira cha Xerox laser. Monga fanizo la zophikira, nkhani yosindikiza ndi chida champhamvu cholankhula. Mofanana ndi fanizo, nkhani ya wosindikiza woopsayo imasonyeza mmene zinthu zingasinthire mofulumira m’dziko la mapulogalamu. Kutengera omvera kumbuyo kwanthawi yayitali musanagule kamodzi pa Amazon, Microsoft system ndi Oracle databases, Richard amayesa kufotokozera omvera momwe zimakhalira pothana ndi mapulogalamu omwe anali asanatsekedwe mwamphamvu pansi pa ma logos amakampani.
Nkhani ya Stallman idapangidwa mwaluso ndikupukutidwa, ngati mtsutso womaliza wa loya wachigawo kukhothi. Atafika pazochitika za Carnegie Mellon, pomwe wofufuza adakana kugawana magwero a gwero la driver driver, Richard ayima kaye.
“Anatipereka,” akutero Stallman, “koma osati ife tokha. Mwinanso anakuperekani.
Pa mawu akuti “inu,” Stallman akuloza chala chake kwa womvetsera wosakayikira mwa omvera. Amakweza nsidze zake ndikudabwa, koma Richard akuyang'ana kale munthu wina wozunzidwa pakati pa anthu omwe akuseka mwamantha, akumufunafuna pang'onopang'ono komanso mwadala. “Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti mwina anakuchitiraninso zimenezo,” iye akutero, akuloza mwamuna wina pamzere wachitatu.
Omvera sakusekanso, koma amaseka mokweza. Zoonadi, machitidwe a Richard akuwoneka ngati a zisudzo pang'ono. Komabe, Stallman amamaliza nkhaniyi ndi chosindikizira cha Xerox laser ndi chidwi chawonetsero weniweni. “M’chenicheni, iye anapereka anthu ochuluka kwambiri kuposa amene akukhala m’gulu lino, osawerengera awo amene anabadwa pambuyo pa 1980,” akumaliza motero Richard, akuchititsa kuseka kowonjezereka, “chifukwa chakuti iye ananyenga anthu onse.”
Amachepetsanso sewerolo ponena kuti, “Adachita izi posayina pangano losaulula.
Chisinthiko cha Richard Matthew Stallman kuchokera kumaphunziro okhumudwa kupita kwa mtsogoleri wandale amalankhula zambiri. Za khalidwe lake lamakani ndi chifuniro chochititsa chidwi. Za mawonekedwe ake omveka bwino adziko lapansi komanso mfundo zake zomwe zidamuthandiza kupeza pulogalamu yaulere. Za ziyeneretso zake zapamwamba mu mapulogalamu - zinamulola kuti apange ntchito zingapo zofunika ndikukhala gulu lachipembedzo kwa olemba mapulogalamu ambiri. Chifukwa cha chisinthikochi, kutchuka ndi chikoka cha GPL chakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo luso lazamalamuloli limawonedwa ndi ambiri kukhala kupambana kwakukulu kwa Stallman.
Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti chikhalidwe cha chikoka cha ndale chikusintha - chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi matekinoloje azidziwitso ndi mapulogalamu omwe amawaphatikiza.
Izi mwina ndichifukwa chake nyenyezi ya Stallman imangowala, pomwe nyenyezi za zimphona zambiri zapamwamba zidazimiririka ndikukhazikika. Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa GNU Project mu 1984, Stallman ndi gulu lake laulere la mapulogalamu adanyalanyazidwa poyamba, kenako kunyozedwa, kenako kunyozedwa ndi kutsutsidwa. Koma pulojekiti ya GNU inatha kuthana ndi zonsezi, ngakhale kuti palibe mavuto ndi nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo imaperekabe mapulogalamu oyenera pamsika wa mapulogalamu, omwe, mwa njira, akhala ovuta kwambiri pazaka makumi angapo izi. Filosofi yokhazikitsidwa ndi Stallman monga maziko a GNU ikukulanso bwino. . Mu gawo lina lakulankhula kwake ku New York pa May 29, 2001, Stallman anafotokoza mwachidule chiyambi cha mawu ofupikitsa:
Ife hackers nthawi zambiri kusankha oseketsa ndipo ngakhale hooligan mayina
mapulogalamu awo, chifukwa kutchula mapulogalamu ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo
chisangalalo chowalemba. Timakhalanso ndi mwambo wotukuka
pogwiritsa ntchito mawu achidule obwerezabwereza omwe amawonetsa zomwe zanu
Pulogalamuyi ikufanana pang'ono ndi mapulogalamu omwe alipo...I
anali kuyang'ana chidule chobwerezabwereza mu mawonekedwe "Chinachake Sichoncho
Unix." Ndinayang'ana zilembo zonse za alifabeti, ndipo palibe ngakhale imodzi yomwe inalemba
mawu oyenera. Ndinaganiza zofupikitsa mawuwo kukhala mawu atatu, zotsatira zake
chithunzi cha chidule cha zilembo zitatu monga "Chinthu china - Osati Unix".
Ndinayamba kuyang'ana zilembozo ndipo ndinapeza mawu akuti "GNU". Ndiyo nkhani yonse.Ngakhale kuti Richard ndi wokonda ma puns, amalimbikitsa kutchula mawu achidule
m'Chingerezi ndi "g" yodziwika bwino poyambira, kupewa osati kokha
chisokonezo ndi dzina la nyumbu ku Africa, komanso kufanana ndi
Mawu omasulira a Chingerezi akuti "watsopano", i.e. "chatsopano". "Tikugwira ntchito
pulojekitiyi yakhalapo kwa zaka makumi angapo, kotero si yachilendo,” iye nthabwala
Stallman.
Kumvetsetsa zifukwa zofunira izi ndi kupambana kumathandizidwa kwambiri pophunzira zolankhula ndi mawu a Richard mwiniwake ndi omwe amamuzungulira, omwe amamuthandiza kapena kuika mawu mu magudumu ake. Chifaniziro cha umunthu wa Stallman sichiyenera kukhala chovuta kwambiri. Ngati pali chitsanzo chamoyo cha mwambi wakale wakuti "zenizeni ndi momwe zimawonekera," ndi Stallman.
"Ndikuganiza kuti ngati mukufuna kumumvetsetsa Richard Stallman ngati munthu, simuyenera kumusanthula pang'onopang'ono, koma yang'anani zonse," akutero Eben Moglin, woweruza wa Free Software Foundation komanso pulofesa wa zamalamulo ku Columbia. Yunivesite, "zonyansa zonsezi, zomwe anthu ambiri amaziona kuti ndi zongopeka, zonyezimira - makamaka, mawonetseredwe owona mtima a umunthu wa Richard. Anakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri nthawi ina, ali wokhazikika kwambiri pankhani zamakhalidwe abwino ndipo amakana kulolera zilizonse pamavuto ofunika kwambiri. Ndichifukwa chake Richard adachita zonse zomwe adachita."
Ndikovuta kufotokoza mmene kukangana ndi makina osindikizira a laser kunakula n’kukhala mpikisano ndi makampani olemera kwambiri padziko lonse. Kuti tichite izi, tiyenera kufufuza mozama zifukwa zomwe umwini wa mapulogalamuwa wakhala wofunikira mwadzidzidzi. Tiyenera kudziŵana ndi munthu amene, mofanana ndi atsogoleri ambiri andale akale, amamvetsetsa mmene kukumbukira kwa anthu kumasinthira ndi kusinthika. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la nthano ndi ma templates amalingaliro omwe chiwerengero cha Stallman chakula pakapita nthawi. Pomaliza, munthu ayenera kuzindikira msinkhu wa luso la Richard monga wolemba mapulogalamu, ndi chifukwa chake katswiriyo nthawi zina amalephera m'madera ena.
Ngati mutamufunsa Stallman mwiniwake kuti afotokoze zifukwa za kusinthika kwake kuchokera ku hacker kupita kwa mtsogoleri ndi mlaliki, adzagwirizana ndi zomwe zili pamwambazi. Iye anati: “Kuuma khosi kumandilimbikitsa kwambiri, anthu ambiri amalephera ngakhale akukumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa chongotaya mtima. Sinditaya mtima."
Amaperekanso mbiri ku mwayi wakhungu. Zikadakhala kuti sizinali za Xerox laser chosindikizira nkhani, zikanakhala kuti sizinali mndandanda wa mikangano yaumwini ndi yamalingaliro yomwe inakwiriridwa ntchito yake ku MIT, pakadapanda theka la khumi ndi awiri zochitika zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nthawi ndi malo, Moyo wa Stallman, mwa kuvomereza kwake, ukanakhala wosiyana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, Stallman amathokoza tsogolo pomuwongolera njira yomwe alimo.
"Ndinangokhala ndi luso loyenera," akutero Richard kumapeto kwa mawu ake, akufotokoza mwachidule nkhani ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa polojekiti ya GNU, "palibe wina amene angachite izi, ine ndekha. Choncho ndinaona kuti ndasankhidwa kuti ndichite utumiki umenewu. Ndinkangoyenera kuchita. Kupatula apo, ngati si ine, ndiye ndani?"
Source: linux.org.ru