Vuto Lofunika Kwambiri Kuyesa

Mau oyamba

Masana abwino, okhala ku Khabrovsk. Pakali pano ndinali kuthetsa ntchito yoyesa ntchito ya QA Lead ya kampani ya fintech. Ntchito yoyamba, kupanga dongosolo loyesera ndi mndandanda wathunthu ndi zitsanzo za mayeso oyesa ketulo yamagetsi, zitha kuthetsedwa mochepa:

• GOST 7400-81. Ma ketulo amagetsi apanyumba ndi ma samovars amagetsi. Zofotokozera (ndi Zosintha No. 1-8)
• GOST IEC 60335-1-2015 Zipangizo zamagetsi zofananira Chitetezo. Gawo 1. Zofunikira zonse
  Zimakhala zovuta kuganiza za dongosolo labwino loyesera ndi mndandanda wathunthu.

Koma gawo lachiwiri lidakhala funso: "Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse zomwe zimachitika kwa onse oyesa zomwe zimawalepheretsa kugwira ntchito bwino?"

Chinthu choyamba chomwe chinabwera m'maganizo ndikulemba zovuta zomwe ndidakumana nazo poyesedwa, kuchotsa zing'onozing'ono, ndikufotokozera mwachidule zina zonse. Koma ndinazindikira mwamsanga kuti njira yophunzitsira idzayankha funso lomwe silinagwire ntchito kwa "onse", koma, chabwino, kwa "ambiri" oyesa. Chifukwa chake, ndidaganiza zoyiyandikira kuchokera mbali inayo, movutikira, ndipo izi ndi zomwe zidachitika.

Malingaliro

Chinthu choyamba chimene ndimachita pothetsa vuto latsopano ndikuyesera kumvetsa zomwe zili, ndipo kuti ndichite izi ndiyenera kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la mawu omwe amawafotokozera. Mawu ofunika kumvetsetsa ndi awa:

• vuto
• woyesa
• tester ntchito
• woyesa bwino

Tiyeni titembenukire ku Wikipedia ndi nzeru:
Vuto (Chigiriki chakale πρόβλημα) m'lingaliro lalikulu - nkhani yovuta yanthanthi kapena yothandiza yomwe imafuna kuphunzira ndi kuthetsa; mu sayansi - zinthu zotsutsana zomwe zimawoneka ngati zotsutsana ndi malo ofotokozera zochitika zilizonse, zinthu, ndondomeko ndipo zimafuna chiphunzitso chokwanira kuthetsa; m’moyo, vutolo limapangidwa m’njira yomveka bwino kwa anthu: “Ndikudziwa chimene, sindichidziwa,” ndiko kuti, chidziŵika chimene chiyenera kupezedwa, koma sichidziŵika mmene tingachipezere. . Amachokera mochedwa. lat. vuto, kuchokera ku Greek. πρόβλημα “kuponyedwa kutsogolo, kuikidwa patsogolo”; kuchokera ku προβάλλω “ponyani kutsogolo, ikani patsogolo panu; mlandu".

Sizomveka, kwenikweni, "vuto" = "chilichonse chomwe chiyenera kuthetsedwa."
Woyesa - katswiri (sitidzagawanitsa mitundu, popeza tili ndi chidwi ndi oyesa onse) omwe amatenga nawo gawo pakuyesa gawo kapena dongosolo, zomwe zotsatira zake ndi:
ntchito Tester - gulu la zochitika zokhudzana ndi kuyesa.
Kuchita bwino (lat. effectivus) - ubale pakati pa zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (ISO 9000: 2015).
Zotsatira - zotsatira za unyolo (mndandanda) wa zochita (zotsatira) kapena zochitika, zowonetsedwa bwino kapena mochulukira. Zotsatira zomwe zingatheke ndi monga ubwino, kuipa, kupindula, kutaya, mtengo, ndi kupambana.
Mofanana ndi "vuto," palibe tanthauzo lochepa: chinachake chimene chinatuluka chifukwa cha ntchito.
gwero - kuthekera koyezera kochulukira kuchita chilichonse chamunthu kapena anthu; zinthu zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito zosinthika zina kuti mupeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Woyesa ndi munthu, ndipo molingana ndi chiphunzitso cha zinthu zofunika kwambiri, munthu aliyense ali ndi chuma chachuma anayi:
ndalama (ndalama) ndi chinthu chongowonjezedwanso;
mphamvu (mphamvu ya moyo) ndi gwero longowonjezwdwa pang'ono;
nthawi ndi chinthu chokhazikika komanso chosasinthika;
chidziwitso (chidziwitso) ndi chinthu chongowonjezedwanso, ndi gawo lazachuma la anthu lomwe lingakule ndikuwonongeka[1].

Ndikufuna kuzindikira kuti tanthawuzo la momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito bwino kwa ife silili lolondola kwenikweni, popeza chidziwitso chochuluka chomwe timagwiritsa ntchito, chimachepetsa mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, ndingatanthauzenso kuchita bwino ngati "chiŵerengero pakati pa zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa ndi zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito." Ndiye chirichonse chiri cholondola: chidziwitso sichimawonongeka panthawi ya ntchito, koma chimachepetsa mtengo wa chinthu chokhacho chosasinthika cha woyesa - nthawi yake.

chisankho

Chifukwa chake, tikuyang'ana zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi za oyesa omwe amawononga mphamvu ya ntchito yawo.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito ya tester ndi nthawi yake (zotsalazo zikhoza kuchepetsedwa mwanjira ina), ndipo kuti tilankhule za kuwerengera koyenera kwa ntchito, zotsatira zake ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka nthawi. .
Kuti muchite izi, ganizirani kachitidwe kamene woyesa amatsimikizira ntchito yake. Dongosolo loterolo ndi ntchito yomwe gulu lake limaphatikizapo woyesa. Kuzungulira kwa moyo wa polojekiti kumatha kuyimiridwa motsata ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Kuchita ndi Zofunikira
2. Mapangidwe a specifications luso
3. Development
4. Kuyesa
5. Kumasulidwa mukupanga
6. Thandizo (pitani chinthu 1)

Pachifukwa ichi, polojekiti yonse ikhoza kugawidwa mobwerezabwereza m'magawo (mawonekedwe), ndi moyo womwewo.
Kuchokera kumbali ya polojekitiyi, nthawi yochepa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa iyo, ndiyothandiza kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwake.
Choncho, timafika ku tanthawuzo la kuthekera kwakukulu kothekera kwa woyesa kuchokera kumalo a polojekiti - iyi ndi momwe polojekitiyi ikuyendera pamene nthawi yoyesera ndi zero. Vuto lodziwika kwa onse oyesa ndikulephera kukwaniritsa nthawi ino.

Kodi kuthana ndi izi?

Zotsatira zake ndizodziwikiratu ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ambiri kwa nthawi yayitali:

1. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kuyesa kuyenera kuyamba ndi kutha pafupifupi nthawi imodzi (izi zimachitidwa ndi dipatimenti QA). Njira yabwino ndi pamene magwiridwe antchito onse omwe akupangidwa amakhala ataphimbidwa kale ndi ma autotest pofika nthawi yomwe yakonzeka, yokonzedwa kuti ikhale yocheperako (ndipo, ngati nkotheka, kuyesa koyambirira) pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa CI.
2. Zomwe pulojekiti ili nazo (ndizovuta kwambiri), m'pamenenso nthawi yochuluka iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti zatsopano sizikuphwanya yakaleyo. Chifukwa chake, pulojekitiyi ikakhala yovuta kwambiri, m'pamenenso ma automation amafunikira kuyesa kuyambiranso.
3. Nthawi iliyonse tikaphonya cholakwika pakupanga ndikuchipeza, tikuyenera kuthera nthawi yochulukirapo podutsa gawo la moyo wa polojekiti kuyambira pa mfundo 1 (Kugwira ntchito ndi zofunikira, pakadali pano, ogwiritsa ntchito). Popeza zifukwa zosowera cholakwika nthawi zambiri sizidziwika, tatsala ndi njira imodzi yokha yokwaniritsira - cholakwika chilichonse chopezeka ndi ogwiritsa ntchito chiyenera kuphatikizidwa pakuyesa kuyambiranso kuti zitsimikizire kuti sichidzawonekeranso.

Source: www.habr.com