Pamsonkhano wa Linux Plumbers 2021, Google idalankhula za kupambana kwa njira yake yosinthira nsanja ya Android kuti igwiritse ntchito kernel yokhazikika ya Linux m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wake wa kernel, womwe umaphatikizapo kusintha kwa nsanja ya Android.
Kusintha kofunikira kwambiri pachitukuko chinali chisankho chosinthira pambuyo pa 2023 kupita ku "Upstream First", zomwe zikutanthauza kutukuka kwa zinthu zonse zatsopano za kernel zomwe zimafunikira papulatifomu ya Android molunjika ku Linux kernel, osati m'nthambi zawo. magwiridwe antchito ayamba kukwezedwa kukhala wamkulu). kernel, kenako kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu Android, osati mosemphanitsa). Ikukonzekeranso kusamutsa zigamba zina zonse zomwe zatsala munthambi ya Android Common Kernel kupita ku kernel yayikulu mu 2023 ndi 2024.
Ponena za posachedwapa, pa nsanja ya Android 12 yomwe ikuyembekezeka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala, misonkhano ya kernel ya "Generic Kernel Image" (GKI) idzaperekedwa, pafupi kwambiri ndi 5.10 kernel yokhazikika. Pazomanga izi, zosintha zanthawi zonse zidzaperekedwa, zomwe zidzayikidwa munkhokwe ya ci.android.com. Mu kernel ya GKI, zowonjezera zowonjezera pa nsanja ya Android, komanso zothandizira zokhudzana ndi hardware kuchokera ku OEMs, zimayikidwa m'magawo osiyana a kernel. Ma module awa samamangirizidwa ku mtundu wa kernel yayikulu ndipo amatha kupangidwa padera, zomwe zimathandizira kukonza ndikusintha zida kukhala nthambi zatsopano za kernel.
Zolumikizana zomwe zimafunidwa ndi opanga zida zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zingwe, zomwe zimakulolani kuti musinthe machitidwe a kernel popanda kusintha ma code. Ponseponse, android12-5.10 kernel imapereka mbedza 194 zokhazikika, zofananira ndi ma tracepoints, ndi 107 zokowera zapadera zomwe zimakulolani kuti muthamangitse zogwirira ntchito mosagwirizana ndi atomiki. Mu kernel ya GKI, opanga ma hardware amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zigamba zapadera ku kernel yayikulu, ndipo zida zothandizira zida ziyenera kuperekedwa ndi ogulitsa pokhapokha ngati ma module a kernel owonjezera, omwe ayenera kutsimikizira kuti amagwirizana ndi kernel yayikulu.
Tiyeni tikumbukire kuti nsanja ya Android ikupanga nthambi yake ya kernel - Android Common Kernel, pamaziko ake omwe amapangidwa pazida zilizonse. Nthambi iliyonse ya Android imapatsa opanga zosankha zingapo zamapangidwe a kernel pazida zawo. Mwachitsanzo, Android 11 idapereka kusankha kwa ma maso atatu - 4.14, 4.19 ndi 5.4, ndipo Android 12 ipereka ma maso 4.19, 5.4 ndi 5.10. Option 5.10 idapangidwa ngati Generic Kernel Image, momwe kuthekera kofunikira kwa OEMs kumasamutsidwa kupita kumtunda, kuyikidwa m'ma module kapena kusamutsidwa ku Android Common Kernel.
Asanabwere GKI, kernel ya Android idadutsa magawo angapo okonzekera:
- Kutengera ma LTS kernels akulu (3.18, 4.4, 4.9, 4.14, 4.19, 5.4), nthambi ya "Android Common Kernel" idapangidwa, momwe zigamba za Android zidasamutsidwa (kale kukula kwa zosintha kudafikira mizere mamiliyoni angapo. ).
- Kutengera "Android Common Kernel", opanga ma chip monga Qualcomm, Samsung ndi MediaTek adapanga "SoC Kernel" yomwe imaphatikizapo zowonjezera kuti zithandizire zida.
- Kutengera SoC Kernel, opanga zida adapanga Chipangizo cha Kernel, chomwe chimaphatikizapo zosintha zokhudzana ndi kuthandizira zida zowonjezera, zowonera, makamera, makina amawu, ndi zina zambiri.
Njirayi idasokoneza kwambiri kukhazikitsa zosintha kuti zithetse ziwopsezo ndikusintha kupita ku nthambi zatsopano za kernel. Ngakhale Google nthawi zonse imatulutsa zosintha za Android Kernel (Android Common Kernel), ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amachedwa kubweretsa zosinthazi kapena amagwiritsa ntchito kernel yomweyo nthawi yonse ya moyo wa chipangizocho.
Source: opennet.ru