Google idayambitsa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a Flutter 2, omwe adawonetsa kusintha kwa pulojekitiyi kuchokera pamapangidwe opangira ma foni am'manja kukhala chimango chapadziko lonse lapansi popanga pulogalamu yamtundu uliwonse, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu apakompyuta ndi mawebusayiti.
Flutter imawoneka ngati njira ina ya React Native ndipo imakupatsani mwayi wopanga mapulogalamu amapulatifomu osiyanasiyana kutengera ma code code amodzi, kuphatikiza iOS, Android, Windows, macOS ndi Linux, komanso mapulogalamu omwe amayenda pakusakatula. Mapulogalamu am'manja omwe adalembedwa kale ku Flutter 1 amatha kusinthidwa kuti agwire ntchito pakompyuta komanso pa intaneti mutasinthira ku Flutter 2 osalembanso kachidindo.
Gawo lalikulu la nambala ya Flutter likugwiritsidwa ntchito m'chinenero cha Dart, ndipo injini yogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito imalembedwa mu C ++. Mukapanga mapulogalamu, kuphatikiza chilankhulo cha Flutter chamtundu wa Dart, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Dart Foreign Function kuti muyimbire nambala ya C/C++. Kuchita kwapamwamba kumatheka polemba mapulogalamu ku code yachibadwidwe pamapulatifomu omwe mukufuna. Pachifukwa ichi, pulogalamuyo sifunikira kubwezeretsedwanso pambuyo pa kusintha kulikonse - Dart imapereka njira yowotchera yotentha yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wosintha pulogalamu yomwe ikuyenda ndikuwunika zotsatira zake.
Flutter 2 imapereka chithandizo chokwanira pakupanga mapulogalamu a Webusaiti, oyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Zochitika zazikulu zitatu zogwiritsira ntchito Flutter pa Webusaiti zatchulidwa: kupanga mapulogalamu oima pawokha (PWA, Progressive Web Apps), kupanga mapulogalamu a tsamba limodzi (SPA, mapulogalamu a tsamba limodzi) ndikusintha mafoni kukhala mapulogalamu a pa intaneti. Zina mwazinthu za zida zachitukuko za Webusayiti ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zofulumizitsira kutulutsa kwazithunzi za 2D ndi 3D, kusinthika kwazinthu pazenera ndi injini yomasulira ya CanvasKit yopangidwa mu WebAssembly.
Thandizo la pulogalamu ya pakompyuta lili mu beta ndipo lidzakhazikika kumapeto kwa chaka chino pakutulutsidwa kwamtsogolo. Canonical, Microsoft ndi Toyota alengeza thandizo lachitukuko pogwiritsa ntchito Flutter. Canonical yasankha Flutter ngati chimango chachikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndipo ikugwiritsanso ntchito Flutter kupanga choyikira chatsopano cha Ubuntu. Microsoft yasintha Flutter pazida zopindika zokhala ndi zowonera zingapo, monga Surface Duo. Toyota ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito Flutter pamakina a infotainment mgalimoto. Chigoba cha ogwiritsa ntchito Fuchsia microkernel chopangidwa ndi Google chimamangidwanso pamaziko a Flutter.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kutulutsidwa kwa chinenero cha pulogalamu ya Dart 2.12 kunasindikizidwa, momwe chitukuko cha nthambi yokonzedwanso kwambiri ya Dart 2 ikupitiriza. zitha kuganiziridwa zokha, kotero kutchula mitundu sikofunikira, koma kulemba kwamphamvu sikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndipo mtundu womwe udawerengedwera umaperekedwa kumitunduyo ndipo kuwunika kwamtundu kumayikidwa pambuyo pake).
Kutulutsidwa ndikodziwika pakukhazikika kwa Null chitetezo mode, zomwe zingathandize kupewa ngozi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zosintha zomwe mtengo wake sunatchulidwe ndikuyikidwa ku Null. Mawonekedwewa akutanthauza kuti zosinthika sizingakhale zopanda pake pokhapokha zitaperekedwa momveka bwino za mtengowo. Njirayi imalemekeza kwambiri mitundu yosinthika, yomwe imalola wopanga kuti agwiritse ntchito zowonjezera. Kutsata kwamtundu kumawunikiridwa pa nthawi yophatikizira, mwachitsanzo, ngati muyesa kupatsa mtengo wa "Null" ku mtundu womwe sukutanthauza mtundu wosadziwika, monga "int", cholakwika chidzawonetsedwa.
Kusintha kwina kofunikira mu Dart 2.12 ndikukhazikitsa kokhazikika kwa laibulale ya FFI, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopanga ma code apamwamba omwe mutha kupeza ma API mu C. Anapanga magwiridwe antchito ndi kukula bwino. Zida zowonjezera zopangira ndi makina olembera ma code olembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Flutter, komanso mapulagini atsopano opangira mapulogalamu a Dart ndi Flutter a Android Studio/IntelliJ ndi VS Code.
Source: opennet.ru