Ukadaulo wa zamankhwala wasintha kwambiri posachedwapa. Zida zamakono zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: makina opangira maginito, makina opangira makina a ultrasound ndi X-ray, centrifuges, analyzer gasi, hematological ndi machitidwe ena ozindikira. Zipangizozi zasintha kwambiri ntchito zachipatala.
Kuteteza zida zolondola kwambiri m'zipatala, zipatala ndi zipatala, zida zamagetsi zosasunthika (UPS) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, zidazi zimapereka chithandizo chabwino ku malo opangira ma data komwe zolemba za odwala, zolemba zamankhwala, ndi mapulogalamu opangira ma data amasungidwa. Amathandiziranso kupereka mphamvu kwa machitidwe anzeru owongolera zomanga.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Public Library of Science, kuzima kwa magetsi m'mabungwe azachipatala kumakhudza chilichonse kuyambira pakupereka chithandizo chamankhwala mpaka kusunga magwiridwe antchito a zida zovuta.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi ndizo masoka achilengedwe: mvula, chipale chofewa, mphepo yamkuntho ... M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mikhalidwe yotereyi yakhala ikuwonjezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo, malinga ndi magazini ya zamankhwala The New England Journal of Medicine, kuchepa kwachangu kumawonjezeka. sichinayembekezeredwebe.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mabungwe azachipatala azikhala olimba mtima pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, pomwe odwala masauzande ambiri angafunike chisamaliro. Chifukwa chake, kufunikira kwa machitidwe odalirika a UPS masiku ano ndikokulirapo kuposa kale.
Zipatala zaku Russia: nkhani yosankha UPS wapamwamba kwambiri
Mabungwe ambiri azachipatala ku Russia ndi aboma, kotero kugula zida kumachitika mopikisana. Kusankha UPS yodalirika ndikupewa ndalama zosafunikira m'tsogolomu, pali njira zisanu zomwe muyenera kutsatira pokonzekera ma tender.
1. Kusanthula zoopsa. Kuti mupewe kuwonongeka ndi kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali, ndikofunikira kuteteza zida zachipatala zamtengo wapatali, kukhazikitsa ma labotale m'malo opangira kafukufuku ndi makina a firiji komwe zida zamoyo zimasungidwa ndi UPS.
Malamulo apadera amakhazikitsidwa pamagulu ogwira ntchito. Apa, chipangizo chilichonse chimapangidwanso ngati chawonongeka, ndipo chipindacho chimaperekedwa ndi magetsi okhazikika.
Maukonde amagetsi azipinda zogwirira ntchito ayenera kukhala odziyimira pawokha. Izi zimatheka poika transformer. Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikuchotsa thiransifoma ndi UPS yosintha kawiri. Munjira yolambalala, ma UPS oterowo samaphwanya zandale (zogwira zero), ndipo izi zimasemphana ndi GOSTs zamankhwala ndi zofunikira za SNIP.
2. Kusankhidwa kwa mphamvu za UPS ndi topology. Zida zamankhwala zilibe zofunikira zilizonse pazigawozi, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito UPS kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe ali ndi ziphaso zapadziko lonse lapansi zofananira ndi ma elekitiroma.
Muyenera kusankha mphamvu zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida posankha ma UPS agawo limodzi kapena atatu. Pazida zosakwera mtengo kwambiri, ndizokwanira kugula ma UPS osunga zosunga zobwezeretsera; pazida zovuta, zolumikizira mizere kapena zomwe zidapangidwa molingana ndi kusinthika kwapawiri kwamagetsi.
3. Kusankha kamangidwe ka UPS. Sitepe iyi idalumphidwa ngati mwasankha kukhazikitsa ma UPS agawo limodzi - ndi monoblock.
Pakati pazida zamagawo atatu, zosankha za modular ndizoyenera, pomwe ma unit amagetsi ndi batri amayikidwa mu kabati imodzi kapena zingapo zolumikizidwa ndi basi wamba. Ndiabwino kuzipinda zogwirira ntchito, koma amafunikira mtengo woyambira wokwera. Komabe, ma UPS anthawi zonse amadzilipira okha ndipo ndi odalirika kwambiri ndi N+1 redundancy. Ngati mphamvu imodzi ikulephera, imatha kuthyoledwa yokha ndikutumizidwa kuti ikonzedwe popanda kusokoneza machitidwe a dongosolo. Akakonzeka, amabwezeretsedwa popanda kutseka UPS.
Kukonza zida za magawo atatu a monoblock kumafuna injiniya wodziwa ntchito kuti aziyendera malo oyikapo ndipo zimatha kutenga masiku kapena masabata.
4. Kusankha mtundu wa UPS ndi mabatire. Mafunso oyenera kumveketsa posankha wogulitsa:
- Kodi opanga ali ndi mafakitale ake ndi malo ofufuzira?
- Kodi zinthuzo zili ndi ziphaso za ISO 9001, 9014?
- Ndi zitsimikizo zotani zomwe zimaperekedwa?
- Kodi pali wogwirizira wovomerezeka m'dera lanu kuti akuthandizeni pakuyika ndi kutumiza zida, ndikukonza kotsatira?
Mabatire ambiri amasankhidwa poganizira zofunikira pa moyo wa batri: nthawi yayitali, mphamvu ya batri iyenera kukhala yayikulu. Pazamankhwala, mitundu iwiri ya mabatire nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito: lead-acid yokhala ndi moyo wautumiki wazaka 3-6 ndi mabatire okwera mtengo kwambiri a lithiamu-ion, omwe amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwapang'onopang'ono kutulutsa, kulemera kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kutentha komwe kumafunikira, ndi moyo utumiki wa zaka 10.
Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lead-acid ngati maukonde ali abwino ndipo UPS nthawi zambiri imakhala mu buffer mode. Koma ngati magetsi ndi osakhazikika, pali zoletsa kukula ndi kulemera, muyenera kupereka mmalo mabatire lithiamu-ion.
5. Kusankha wogulitsa. Bungweli likuyang'anizana ndi ntchito yosagula UPS yokha, komanso yopereka, kuyiyika ndikuyilumikiza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupeza wothandizira yemwe adzakhale bwenzi lokhazikika: kuchita mwaluso kutumiza, kukonza chithandizo chaukadaulo ndikuwunika kwakutali kwa UPS.
Nkhaniyi iyenera kupatsidwa chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa mawu ogula samanena kuti kukhazikitsa ndi kutumiza. Pali chiopsezo chokhala opanda kanthu - kugula zipangizo, koma osapeza mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito.
Akatswiri omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zomangamanga zaumisiri ayenera kulumikizana ndi dipatimenti yazachuma komanso azachipatala, popeza kugula kwa UPS nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa molumikizana ndi zida zatsopano zamankhwala. Kukonzekera koyenera ndi kugwirizanitsa ndalama ndi chitsimikizo kuti sipadzakhala mavuto ndi kugula ndi kukhazikitsa UPS.
Milandu ya Delta Electronics: zokumana nazo pakukhazikitsa UPS m'mabungwe azachipatala
Delta Electronics, pamodzi ndi kampani yogawa yaku Russia ya Tempesto CJSC, idapeza mwayi wopereka zida zoteteza magetsi. Scientific Center for Children's Health ya Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (NCD RAMS). Amapereka chisamaliro chapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi ndipo amachita kafukufuku wofunikira wazachipatala.
SCDC RAMS yayika zida zaposachedwa kwambiri komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, womwe umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutha kwa magetsi komanso kutsika kwamagetsi. Kusunga chisamaliro chapamwamba kwa odwala achichepere ndikupewa kuvulala kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zida, ntchitoyi idakhazikitsidwa kuti isinthe machitidwe oteteza magetsi.
M'malo a likulu la sayansi, ma laboratories ndi mafiriji, mndandanda wa UPS ΠΈ. Panthawi yozimitsa magetsi, njira zosinthira ziwirizi zimateteza zida zamankhwala. Chisankhocho chinapangidwa mokomera mtundu uwu wa UPS chifukwa:
- Magawo a Modulon NH-Plus ndi Ultron DPS amapereka ntchito zotsogola zotsogola za AC-AC;
- kukhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu (> 0,99);
- yodziwika ndi kupotoza kochepa kwa harmonic pakulowetsa (iTHD <3%);
- perekani kubweza kwakukulu pazachuma (ROI);
- zimafuna ndalama zochepa zogwirira ntchito.
Ma modularity a UPS amapereka mwayi wofanananso ndikusintha mwachangu zida zomwe zalephera. Kulephera kwadongosolo chifukwa cha kulephera kwa magetsi sikuphatikizidwa.
Pambuyo pake, zida za Delta zidakhazikitsidwa m'zipatala za malo ozindikira komanso kufunsira ku Scientific Center for Children's Diseases of the Russian Academy of Medical Science.
Source: www.habr.com