Intel ikupanga kamangidwe katsopano ka firmware, Universal Scalable Firmware (USF), yomwe cholinga chake ndi kufewetsa chitukuko cha zigawo zonse za pulogalamu ya firmware yamagulu osiyanasiyana a zida, kuyambira ma seva kupita ku makina a chip (SoC). USF imapereka zigawo zotsatiridwa kuti zilekanitse malingaliro oyambira otsika kwambiri kuchokera kumagulu apulatifomu omwe amakonza, zosintha za firmware, chitetezo, ndi kuyambitsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Mafotokozedwe okonzekera ndikukhazikitsa zinthu zamtundu wa USF zaikidwa pa GitHub.
USF ili ndi dongosolo lokhazikika lomwe silinagwirizane ndi mayankho enaake ndipo limalola kugwiritsa ntchito ma projekiti osiyanasiyana omwe alipo omwe amakhazikitsa magawo oyambira ndi ma boot, monga TianoCore EDK2 UEFI stack, minimalistic Slim Bootloader firmware, U-Boot bootloader ndi CoreBoot nsanja. Mawonekedwe a UEFI, LinuxBoot wosanjikiza (pakutsitsa mwachindunji kwa Linux kernel), VaultBoot (boot yotsimikizika) ndi hypervisor ya ACRN zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo olipira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufunafuna chojambulira ndikuwongolera kumayendedwe opangira. Zolumikizira zofananira zimaperekedwa pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito monga ACPI, UEFI, Kexec ndi Multi-boot.
USF imapereka gawo lapadera lothandizira zida (FSP, Phukusi Lothandizira la Firmware), lomwe limalumikizana ndi gulu la orchestration lapadziko lonse lapansi (POL, Platform Orchestration Layer) kudzera mu API wamba. Ntchito za FSP monga kukonzanso kwa CPU, kuyambitsa kwa hardware, kugwira ntchito ndi SMM (System Management Mode), kutsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira pamlingo wa SoC. Gulu la orchestration limathandizira kupanga mawonekedwe a ACPI, limathandizira malaibulale amtundu wa bootloader, limakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cha Rust kupanga zida zotetezedwa za firmware, komanso kumakupatsani mwayi wofotokozera masinthidwe pogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cha YAML. Mulingo wa POL umagwiranso ntchito zotsimikizira, kutsimikizika, komanso kukhazikitsa kotetezeka kwa zosintha.
Zikuyembekezeka kuti zomanga zatsopano zidzalola:
- Chepetsani zovuta komanso mtengo wopangira firmware yazida zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito kachidindo kazinthu zomwe zapangidwa kale, zomanga modular zomwe sizimangiriridwa ndi ma bootloader enieni, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito API yapadziko lonse lapansi pakukonza ma module.
- Wonjezerani mtundu ndi chitetezo cha firmware pogwiritsa ntchito ma module otsimikizika polumikizana ndi zida komanso malo otetezeka kwambiri otsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira firmware.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zonyamula katundu ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olipira, kutengera ntchito zomwe zathetsedwa.
- Kufulumizitsa kupita patsogolo kwa matekinoloje atsopano ndikufupikitsa kachitidwe kachitukuko - opanga amatha kungoyang'ana pakuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito, apo ayi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwa kale, zotsimikiziridwa.
- Kukula kwa fimuweya kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakompyuta (XPU), mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza, kuwonjezera pa CPU, cholumikizira chazithunzithunzi chophatikizira (dPGU) ndi zida zama netiweki zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zipititse patsogolo ntchito zapaintaneti m'malo a data omwe amathandizira magwiridwe antchito amtambo ( IPU, Infrastructure Processing Unit).
Source: opennet.ru