Ngati pambuyo About ZombieLoad Ngati muli ndi mantha poganizira momwe mungalepheretse mawonekedwe a Intel's Hyper-Threading kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito chiwopsezo chatsopano chofanana ndi Specter ndi Meltdown, ndiye kuti mupume kwambiri - malangizo a Intel samalimbikitsa kuchita izi kwa ambiri. milandu.
ZombieLoad ndi yofanana ndi zida zam'mbali zam'mbali zomwe zimakakamiza ma processor a Intel kuti awulule zidziwitso zomwe zingakhale zodziwikiratu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodzipatula komanso kupezeka ndi mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Ofufuza zachitetezo adanenapo kale kuti chiwopsezochi chilipo mu tchipisi tambiri za Intel ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu Windows, MacOS ndi Linux.
Intel, kumbali yake, sagwirizana ndi momwe chiwopsezo cha ZombieLoad chimayesedwa. Kampaniyo idaganiza zopatsa ZombieLoad dzina lina - Microarchitectural Data Sampling (MDS) kapena Microarchitectural Data Sampling. Gwirizanani, izi zikuwoneka ngati zowopsa kwambiri kuposa kunena za Zombies zina.
"Kuwonongeka kwa MDS kumatengera zitsanzo zomwe zidatsitsidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zing'onozing'ono kupita ku CPU pogwiritsa ntchito njira yongopeka kumene," kampaniyo ikufotokoza. "Ntchito yothandiza ya MDS ndi yovuta kwambiri. Kusatetezeka pakokha sikupatsa wowukira njira yosankha zomwe akufuna kupeza. β
"MDS idayankhidwa kale pamlingo wa hardware m'mapurosesa athu aposachedwa kwambiri a 8th ndi 9th a Intel Core, komanso banja la processor la XNUMXnd Intel Xeon Scalable processor," kampaniyo idatero. "Pazinthu zina zomwe zakhudzidwa, njira zochepetsera zimapezeka kudzera mukusintha kwa ma microcode kuphatikiza ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito oyenera komanso zosintha za pulogalamu ya hypervisor, zomwe zikupezeka kuyambira lero. Tinapereka patsamba lathu ndipo pitilizani kulimbikitsa aliyense kuti azisunga makina awo atsopano chifukwa iyi ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yopewera chitetezo. "
Intel idawonetsanso kuti gulu lofufuza la ZombieLoad likugwira ntchito ndi kampaniyo ndi ena mumakampani a PC kuti athetse chiwopsezocho chisanadziwike poyera. "Tikufuna kuthokoza ofufuza omwe adagwira nafe ntchito ndi ogwira nawo ntchito pamakampani athu chifukwa cha zopereka zawo pakuthana ndi vutoli."
Nanga bwanji Hyper-Threading?
Intel yanena kuti kuletsa Hyper-Threading sikofunikira kapena njira yokhayo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito PC. M'malo mwake, Intel akuti zili kwa kasitomala aliyense kusankha choti achite. Ngati simungathe kutsimikizira chitetezo cha pulogalamu yomwe mwayika, ndiye inde, mwina ndi lingaliro labwino kuletsa Hyper-Threading. Ngati pulogalamuyo imangochokera ku sitolo ya Microsoft, kuchokera ku dipatimenti yanu ya IT, kapena yangoyikidwa kuchokera ku zomwe mumakhulupirira kuti ndizodalirika, mukhoza kusiya Hyper-Threading yathandizidwa. Zimangotengera momwe mukukhudzidwira ndi chitetezo chanu.
"Chifukwa zinthu zimasiyana kwambiri pakati pa makasitomala, Intel samalimbikitsa kuletsa Hyper-Threading chifukwa ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti si njira yokhayo yodzitetezera ku MDS komanso sizipereka chitetezo palokha," kampaniyo idatero. .
Pa nthawi yomweyo, zochita za opanga opaleshoni dongosolo amasiyana wina ndi mzake.
Google yatulutsa kukonza kwa Chrome OS komwe kumalepheretsa Hyper-Threading kwa Chromebook mwachisawawa. Anthu omwe akufuna kutembenuzira ukadaulo wamitundu yambiri amatha kuchita okha, kampaniyo ikukhulupirira.
Apple yatulutsa zosintha za MacOS Mojave ndikulengeza kuti makasitomala akampaniyo, makamaka osamala zachitetezo, amatha kuletsa Hyper-Threading okha.
Microsoft idati yatulutsa zigamba zamapulogalamu ake kuti achepetse mwayi wa MDS, komanso adati makasitomala akuyeneranso kupeza zosintha za firmware kuchokera kwa opanga ma PC awo.
Chifukwa chakuti, makamaka, ogulitsa makina opangira opaleshoni asankha kuchoka ku Hyper-Threading, kuopseza kwa ZombieLoad mwachiwonekere sikuli kwakukulu monga momwe zinkawonekera tsiku lapitalo. Kuonjezera apo, palibe mlandu wodziwika wa chiwopsezo chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwukira kwenikweni.
Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito zigamba popanda kuletsa ukadaulo wa Hyper-Threading pafupifupi sikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito a Intel processors.
Koma simudzakhulupirira ngati muyang'ana pa izo Mphamvu ya Intel ya zigamba zachitetezo pakugwira ntchito pomwe Hyper-Threading yayimitsidwa. Kampaniyo imati zigamba zachitetezo, komanso kuletsa Hyper-Threading, zimakhala ndi zokayikitsa pang'ono pakuchita.
zipata Sindimagwirizana kwambiri ndi lingaliro la Intel kuti kuletsa Hyper-Threading si vuto lalikulu, ngakhale Intel ikuwonetsa muzolemba zake kuti magwiridwe antchito sasintha. Vuto ndilakuti mayeso a Intel ndi ochita kupanga poletsa Hyper-Threading, popeza kampaniyo sinayese ntchito zina zamitundu yambiri. Intel ikadatenga Blender, Cinebench, kapena ma benchmarks ena opangira mapurosesa amitundu yambiri komanso ulusi wambiri, tikadawona nthawi yomweyo kuviika kwakukulu.
Kuti muwonetsere momwe ukadaulo wa Hyper-Threading ulili wofunikira, mutha kungoyang'ana mapurosesa a $ 9 Intel i9900-500K ndi $ 7 i9700-375K, kusiyana kwakukulu komwe ndikuthandizira kwawo kwa Hyper-Threading. Kulepheretsa Hyper-Threading pa Intel processors ndizovuta kwambiri kwa aliyense amene amasamala za magwiridwe antchito amitundu yambiri.
Koma pali nkhani yabwino kwa iwo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapurosesa aposachedwa a Intel. Kampaniyo inanena kuti mapurosesa ake aposachedwa kwambiri a 8th ndi 9th ali kale ndi ma hardware microcode fixes, kotero palibe chifukwa choti eni ake a i9-9900K aletse Hyper-Threading. Kuopsa kwa ZombieLoad mwachiwonekere ndikokwera kwa mapurosesa akale. Eni ake a machitidwewa adzafunika kudalira makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zosintha za mapulogalamu, komanso machitidwe a ma antivayirasi awo, kuti achepetse chiopsezo cholandira code yoyipa. Tikumbukirenso kuti pakadali pano palibe kuukira pogwiritsa ntchito ZombieLoad komwe kumadziwika.
Source: 3dnews.ru