Kwa oyang'anira apamwamba a sitolo yayikulu kwambiri yaku America, kukhazikitsidwa kwa Auto-C automatic floor cleaner kumawoneka ngati chitukuko chomveka pakugulitsa malonda. Zaka ziwiri zapitazo iwo anagawira mazana angapo miliyoni kwa izo. Zoonadi: wothandizira woteroyo akhoza kuthetsa zolakwika zaumunthu, kuchepetsa ndalama, kuonjezera liwiro / khalidwe la kuyeretsa ndipo, m'tsogolomu, atsogolere kusintha kwa mini m'masitolo apamwamba a ku America.
Koma pakati pa ogwira ntchito ku Walmart No. 937 ku Marietta, Georgia, chipangizo chosinthira chinalandira dzina losiyana: Freddy. Adatchulidwa pambuyo pa woyang'anira sitoloyo adathamangitsa tsiku lomwe Auto-C isanadutse pa intaneti.
Ntchito yatsopano ya Freddie mu supermarket sinagwire ntchito kuyambira pachiyambi. Wogwira ntchito malata nthawi zonse amakhala ndi "kusweka kwamanjenje", adapatuka panjira yokhazikika, amafunikira kusintha kwatsopano, nthawi zina amayenera kuchita "maphunziro" kangapo pa sabata ndikuyitanitsa akatswiri kuti amukhazikitse.
Ogula nawonso sankadziwa momwe angachitire ndi maonekedwe a Freddy watsopano. Wantchito wina wa ku Walmart, Evan Tanner, akukumbukira mmene usiku wina mwamuna wina anagona pamwamba pa galimoto, imene momvera inamunyamula kupita naye ku dipatimenti ya zoseŵeretsa.
Oyang'anira makampani amakayikira nkhani zoterezi. Amati Auto-C ndi yanzeru kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Ngati wina asokoneza ntchito yake, amaima ndikupereka chizindikiro kuti asawononge mphamvu zosafunikira. Koma a Tanner akuti Freddie anali kalikiliki kuyang'ana mozungulira malo ogulitsira mpaka wina adamuchotsa munthu wogonayo.
Pazaka 50 zapitazi, Walmart yasintha mobwerezabwereza momwe anthu aku America amakhalira. Anthu zikwizikwi akuyeretsa masitolo ang'onoang'ono, akumanganso matauni ang'onoang'ono kuti agwirizane ndi iwo eni, kupanga mwayi watsopano wa ntchito ndi kugula. Tsopano kampaniyo yakhutitsidwa kusintha kwa zonse, kukhazikitsa maloboti masauzande ambiri - masikani, oyeretsa, zotengera kutumiza, makamera anzeru ndi makina operekera kugula pa intaneti kuchokera kubizinesi yomwe ikukula pa intaneti. Kuyesera kwakukulu komwe kudzawonetsa momwe zimakhalira bwino kwa anthu - ogwira ntchito ndi makasitomala - kulumikizana ndi maloboti mdziko lenileni. Ndipo kodi izi zimakulitsa malonda enieni?
Poyamba ife , momwe kampaniyo idakhazikitsira ma robotic scrubbers a Auto-C m'masitolo ake 360 ngati kuyesa. Ndiye kuyesa kunkaonedwa kuti ndi kopambana - ndipo chiŵerengero chawo chafika pa 1860. Walmart ikukonzekera kuwadziŵitsa ku masitolo akuluakulu onse m’dzikoli chaka chamawa.
Pofuna kuvomereza teknoloji yatsopanoyi, kampaniyo poyamba inanena kuti ma robot atsopano sangakhudze miyoyo ya antchito enieni. Ndipo ngati angachisonkhezere, amachikulitsa! Tsopano iwo adzangotsala ndi ntchito zopanga zomwe sizingakhale zokha (monga kusankha maapulo oipa, chitetezo, kulankhulana ndi makasitomala, kuwathandiza kusankha zinthu, nyama ndi nsomba). Ogwira ntchito adzakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yaulere ndipo adzakhala okondwa kugwira ntchito yawo!
Koma tikuwona kale kuti izi siziri choncho. Kuyesa kopambana kwa Walmart kukuwonetsa kuti galimoto imodzi imatha kusintha anthu osachepera atatu kapena anayi - ngati Freddy. Mkati mwa Walmart, pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni ntchito zinatayika. Pazonse, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa McKinsey, pofika chaka cha 2030, maloboti adzakakamiza anthu 400 mpaka 800 miliyoni kuti asinthe ntchito zawo.
"Kupanduka kwa makina" ku Walmart, ogwira ntchito akuti, kwakhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Amaona kuti ntchito yawo yakhala yotopetsa kwambiri. Kuyang'ana kwa maloboti ndi paradigm yatsopanoyi ikukakamiza oyang'anira kuti aganizire za "hyper-optimization." Kuyenda kulikonse, kuyetsemula kulikonse, kusuntha kulikonse kuyenera kukhala kolondola komanso kowongolera. Ndipo ngati sichoncho, makamera amalemba chilichonse. Zina mwa ntchito zomwe antchito adapeza popumula (mashelefu osungira, zinthu zosanthula, kuyeretsa pansi poyendetsa makina ozizira) tsopano zatengedwa ndi maloboti. Ndipo anthu amapeza, malinga ndi ogwira ntchito, ntchito "yotopetsa".
Sizithandizanso kuti antchito ambiri amve ngati ntchito yawo yofunika kwambiri pakali pano ndikuyang'anira anzawo a roboti. Kuyeretsa, kukonza, kuyamwitsa ndi kuphunzitsa omwe tsiku lina adzawachotsa ntchito.
Kwa ogula, zimatengera momwe galimotoyo ilili yokongola. Pakadali pano zonse zili bwino ndi ma Auto-C scrubbers awo (mukuwona, amagona pa iwo). Koma ma scanner a Auto-S, amati, amawopseza anthu ambiri. Kagulu kakang’ono ka mamita awiri chotere, kakutuluka pang’onopang’ono ndi mwakachetechete kuchokera kuseri kwa shelefu, kumachititsa anthu ambiri kuchita bwinja. Amamenyedwanso mwakachetechete ndi kumenyedwa, makamaka achinyamata. Monga, chifukwa chiyani akutsekereza ndimeyi, loboti yopusayi?
Ngakhale makinawa adakhalapo kale kwa zaka 200, adatenga zithunzi zoposa 5 biliyoni ndipo adayenda makilomita oposa 45 pakati pa makina a Walmart, ndipo amakumbukira mazana masauzande akukumana ndi alendo, makasitomala ambiri akuwona chinthu chonga ichi kwa nthawi yoyamba. , ndipo chinthucho chikuwoneka choseketsa kwa iwo kuti angodutsa.
Makina opangira ma shelufu Auto-S
Ogwira ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu khumi ndi awiri "odzipangira okha" adauza atolankhani kuti makinawa amawagwirira ntchito bwino komanso ndi okongola. Pafupifupi kulikonse anapatsidwa mayina. Wina analankhula za khalidwe la maloboti - ena "okwiya", ena "okondwa". Ena - makamaka anadandaula kuti kuyambitsidwa kwa maloboti kwafulumizitsa mayendedwe onse a ntchito, ndipo tsopano iwo nthawi zonse amayankha machenjezo omwe amatumizidwa kwa iwo ndi makina, zomwe sizosangalatsa kwambiri.
Akuluakulu a Walmart ati kuyankha kwa maloboti pakati pa antchito "kwakhala kwabwino kwambiri" ndikuyerekeza makina awo ndi Star Wars droid R2-D2 ndi Transformer Optimus Prime. "Msilikali aliyense amafunikira sidekick," amauza antchito. - "Ndipo tsopano muli ndi zina zabwino kwambiri."
Makina athu apamwamba kwambiri
Maloboti samadandaula, safuna kukwezedwa, safuna tchuthi kapena kupuma. Pamsonkhano wa ogawana nawo mu Ogasiti, Purezidenti wa kampaniyo Doug McMillon adati makinawa ndi chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri chamakampani komanso momwe idadziwonera mtsogolo. Ndalama zapachaka za Walmart ndi $ 514 biliyoni. Ndipo phindu lake lonse ndi $ 6,7 biliyoni yokha.
Timayesa ndi kukulitsa matekinoloje atsopano a automation. Iyi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri. Mapulani athu enieni oyendetsera ndalama ndi ofunikira.
Sikelo yake ndi yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Walmart imodzi ku Levittown (50 okhala) ili ndi ma seva 100, nsanja zoziziritsa 10, makadi ojambula 400 ndi zingwe zamamita 50 zothandizira maloboti ndi makamera onse. Zonsezi zimalola machitidwe a AI kuyang'anira sitolo, makamaka, m'malo mwa oyang'anira. Makamera ndi zowunikira kulemera zimangodziwikiratu mabasiketi ogula akatsala pang'ono kutha, zilembo zasokonekera, kapena nthochi zatsala pang'ono kupsa.
Kenako, AI ikawona vuto, imatumiza chizindikiro ku foni yamakono, yomwe iyenera kukhala m'manja mwa wogwira ntchito aliyense. Ndipo zimasonyeza zimene ayenera kuchita panopa. Pitani kukatenga ngolo mu gawo lina la sitolo. Bweretsaninso maapulo anu. Pitani mukakonzere zilembo. M’sitoloyi muli anthu pafupifupi 100 amene amagwira ntchito zonse zamanja.
Zida zoterezi ziyenera kukhala m'manja mwa antchito onse "otsogola" a Walmart
Ogwira ntchito m'sitolo "yotsogola" amadandaula kuti nthawi zonse amanyazitsidwa. Roboti yopanda mzimu imadziwa ndikumvetsetsa chilichonse kuposa momwe amachitira. Ngati m'mbuyomu sitolo iliyonse inali ndi manejala yemwe mungapiteko ndi mafunso, tsopano zisankho zazikulu zonse zimapangidwa ndi dongosolo. Ngati m'mbuyomu Walmart iliyonse inali yosiyana pang'ono ndi ena onse, kutengera anthu omwe adayiyendetsa, tsopano aliyense amene ali ndi nsanja ya AI amagwira ntchito mofanana. "Wopanda moyo." Kuthamangitsidwa kapena kuchoka, nthabwala zina, zili ngati "kukwezedwa kukhala wogula."
Munthu amangofunika akamakula kwambiri. Ndipo aliyense akumvetsa izi. Otsukira pansi makamaka. Mmodzi adalongosola kukwiyitsa kwake pomwe Auto-C idaperekedwa kusitolo yawo. Pa gawo loyamba, makinawo sakudziwa kutsuka pansi. Ayenera kukumbukira mawonekedwe a sitolo. Chifukwa chake, kwa masiku angapo oyamba, woyang'anira wakale wamtsogolo amayendetsa pamanja. Sitima komwe kuli mashelufu, komwe kuli zowerengera, komwe kuli zosungira ndalama, ndi malo ati ozungulira. Kenako amachotsedwa ntchito.
Nthawi yotsatira "dalaivala" wotere adzafunika pokhapokha ngati sitolo itamangidwanso mwadzidzidzi, kusintha chirichonse mkati, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri kuposa kamodzi pazaka zingapo.
Amati tsiku lililonse chidani cha maloboti chafalikira. Ogwira ntchito ena amavomereza kuti amawatcha mayina ndi kuwanyoza, pogwiritsa ntchito mayina awo atsopano, aumunthu, monga "Emma," "Bender," kapena "Frank." Komanso, mawu osankhidwawo anali ovuta kwambiri kuposa ngati kunali mkangano pakati pa antchito aŵiri.
Dziko lokhala ndi magalimoto
Martin Hitch, wamkulu wa Bossa Nova Robotic, yemwe amapanga makina ojambulira ku Walmart, akuti kampaniyo yakhala zaka zingapo ikuyesera kuphunzitsa maloboti kukhala ochezeka ndi anthu momwe angathere. Koma dziko lapansi silinagwirizanebe pa malamulo a makhalidwe abwino amene amalamula kuti anthu ndi makina azigwirizana.
Mwachitsanzo, mainjiniya sanafune kuti lobotiyo iwonekere mwakachetechete m’chipindamo, kuopseza anthu. Palibe amene amafunikira mlandu chifukwa cha matenda a mtima. Koma kodi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mawu otani podzilengeza yekha? Adayesa masauzande angapo, kuyambira pa "beep-beep" woseketsa mpaka phokoso lalikulu la forklift. Pamapeto pake, adakhazikika pa kulira kosangalatsa koma kosalekeza - nyimbo zingapo za mbalame, zomwe adasonkhanitsa.
“Chomaliza chimene mukufuna kuti achite ndicho kulankhula. Chifukwa ngati alankhula, anthu amaganiza kuti akhoza kuyankha."
Zizindikiro zomwe zinkawoneka zomveka komanso zomveka kwa oyesa anthu zinakhala zopanda ntchito m'zochitika zenizeni za dziko. Mwachitsanzo, kampaniyo ikayika chizindikiro pa robot yoyesa, idangosokoneza anthu. Palibe amene ankayembekezera kuti adzawona magetsi akuthwanima pamene akusunga dumplings. Ndiyeno muzichita nawo ngati kuti muli pamphambano. Kwa ana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi masomphenya otsika, yankho ili linakhalanso losiyana kwambiri.
Onani m'tsogolo
Walmart , kuti chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloboti, chiwongola dzanja chawo chatsika mpaka chotsika kwambiri m'zaka 5. Kuphatikizanso - antchito 40 tsopano ali m'malo omwe kulibe zaka 000 zapitazo. Nthawi yomweyo, antchito anthawi zonse akampani ku USA ali pano avareji ya $14.26 pa ola, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kuposa avareji yamakampani.
Koma anthu ambiri amanena za kunyong’onyeka kumene kumabweretsa. Maloboti achotsa zosangalatsa zina kwa antchito, monga kuyenda mozungulira sitolo, ndipo tsopano anthu angotsala ndi ntchito zazing'ono, zosafunika, zododometsa maganizo. Zomwezi, akuti, zidachitika kale poyambitsa njira yodzipangira okha. Osunga ndalama ambiri sagwira ntchito, koma ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhalapobe kuti athandize ogula omwe asokonezeka, kuthana ndi zovuta ndikutsimikizira makinawo ngati akuwonetsa vuto.
Michael Webb, katswiri wa zachuma ku yunivesite ya Stanford yemwe amaphunzira momwe AI imakhudzira misika ya anthu ogwira ntchito, akuti sizodabwitsa kuti luso lamakono linapeza ntchito yake yoyamba m'masitolo akuluakulu. Makampani akuluakulu awa amayendetsedwa ndi ndalama. Ngakhale kusintha kochepa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu kwa iwo. Kupulumutsa $1000 pamwezi pa sitolo iliyonse kumasanduka mazana a mamiliyoni pazaka zingapo kwa Walmart. Kuyika ndalama mu maloboti ndi luntha lochita kupanga kumatha kulipira mwachangu kwambiri.
Maunyolo ang'onoang'ono ogulitsa, Webb akuti, apeza ukadaulo uwu pakapita nthawi. Ndipo masitolo apamwamba omwe ali ndi katundu wokwera mtengo sangasinthe maloboti. "Mfundo yoti anthu amakutumikirani ndi mwayi wapadera komanso ntchito yomwe mudzayenera kulipira ndalama zambiri."
Kwa Tanner, wogwira ntchito ku Marietta Walmart komwe Mechanical Freddy watsopano amagwira ntchito, makina asintha pafupifupi chilichonse. M'mbuyomu, anali woyang'anira dipatimenti mu gawo la zidole. Tsopano iye makamaka amayang'anira maloboti. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe awo, sitoloyo inachepetsa chiwerengero cha antchito kangapo, makamaka pakati pa omwe poyamba ankatsitsa katundu m'galimoto ndikuyang'ana ma counters. Tanner amagwira ntchito zanthawi zonse zomwe makina sanakonzekere.
“Chilichonse chomwe chili m’sitolomo chakhala chofanana chibwere kuno. Malizitsani ntchito zonyozeka. Ndikuganiza kuti ndikupenga pang'onopang'ono, "akutero.
PS amabweretsa maphukusi mopindulitsa kuchokera m'masitolo aliwonse apaintaneti ku USA. Ku Russia - (ndi m'masiku 4-8!), ku Ukraine - (ku nthambi iliyonse ya Nova Poshta). Kuphatikizapo, mwa njira, mu chaka chatha nthawi zambiri amagula ndi , yomwe tsopano ikupanga mwachangu zopereka zake zapaintaneti, kuyesera kusagonja ku Amazon.
Source: www.habr.com