Ma taxi abwino ayenera kukhala otetezeka, odalirika komanso othamanga. Wogwiritsa ntchito sangapite mwatsatanetsatane: ndikofunikira kwa iye kuti adina batani la "Order" ndikulandila galimoto mwachangu momwe ingamutengere kuchokera kumalo A kupita kumalo B. Ngati palibe magalimoto pafupi, ntchitoyi iyenera nthawi yomweyo dziwitsani za izi kuti kasitomala alibe panali ziyembekezo zabodza. Koma ngati chizindikiro cha "Palibe magalimoto" chikuwoneka nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti munthu amangosiya kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi ndikupita kwa mpikisano.
M'nkhaniyi ndikufuna kunena za momwe, pogwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira, tinathetsa vuto lofufuza magalimoto m'madera otsika kwambiri (mwa kuyankhula kwina, kumene, poyang'ana koyamba, palibe magalimoto). Ndipo zomwe zidabwera.
prehistory
Kuyimbira taxi, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amachita zinthu zingapo zosavuta, koma chimachitika ndi chiyani mkati mwautumiki?
| Wogwiritsa ntchito | Gawo | Kumbuyo kwa Yandex.Taxi |
|---|---|---|
| Imasankha poyambira | Pini | Tikuyambitsa kusaka kosavuta kwa ofuna - pin search. Kutengera madalaivala omwe adapezeka, nthawi yofika idanenedweratu - ETA mu pini. Kuwonjezeka kwa coefficient pa mfundo yoperekedwa kumawerengedwa. |
| Amasankha kopita, mtengo, zofunika | Kupereka | Timamanga njira ndikuwerengera mitengo yamitengo yonse, poganizira kuchuluka kwa coefficient. |
| Dinani batani "Imbani Taxi". | Dongosolo | Timayamba kusaka kwathunthu galimotoyo. Timasankha dalaivala woyenera kwambiri ndikumuyitanitsa. |
pa , ΠΈ tinalemba kale. Ndipo iyi ndi nkhani yopeza madalaivala. Dongosolo likapangidwa, kusaka kumachitika kawiri: pa Pin komanso pa dongosolo. Kusaka kwa dongosolo kumachitika m'magawo awiri: kulembera anthu ofuna kusankhidwa ndi kusanja. Choyamba, madalaivala omwe alipo amapezeka omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi graph yamsewu. Kenako mabonasi ndi kusefa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Otsala otsalawo adasankhidwa ndipo wopambana alandila maoda. Ngati avomereza, amapatsidwa dongosolo ndikupita kumalo operekera. Ngati akana, ndiye kuti mwayiwo umabwera kwa wina. Ngati palibenso ofuna kusankhidwa, kusaka kumayambiranso. Izi zimakhala zosaposa mphindi zitatu, pambuyo pake dongosololo limathetsedwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Kusaka pa Pin ndikufanana ndi kufufuza pa dongosolo, dongosolo lokhalo silinapangidwe ndipo kufufuza kokha kumachitidwa kamodzi kokha. Makonda osavuta a kuchuluka kwa omwe akufuna komanso malo osakira amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Kuphweka koteroko ndikofunikira chifukwa pali mapini ochulukirachulukira kuposa madongosolo, ndipo kusaka ndi ntchito yovuta. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa nkhani yathu: ngati pakufufuza koyambirira palibe oyenerera omwe adapezeka pa Pin, ndiye kuti sitikulolani kuyitanitsa. Osachepera ndi momwe zinalili kale.
Izi ndi zomwe wogwiritsa adawona mu pulogalamuyi:
Sakani magalimoto opanda magalimoto
Tsiku lina tinabwera ndi lingaliro: mwinamwake nthawi zina dongosolo likhoza kutsirizidwa, ngakhale kuti panalibe magalimoto pa pini. Pambuyo pake, nthawi ina imadutsa pakati pa pini ndi dongosolo, ndipo kufufuza kwa dongosolo kumakhala kokwanira ndipo nthawi zina kumabwerezedwa kangapo: panthawiyi, madalaivala omwe alipo angawonekere. Tidadziwanso zosiyana: ngati madalaivala atapezeka pa pini, sizinali zowona kuti angapezeke poyitanitsa. Nthawi zina amasowa kapena aliyense amakana dongosolo.
Kuti tiyese lingaliro ili, tinayambitsa kuyesa: tinasiya kuyang'ana kukhalapo kwa magalimoto panthawi yofufuza pa Pin kwa gulu loyesera la ogwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, anali ndi mwayi wopanga "dongosolo popanda magalimoto." Zotsatira zake zinali zosayembekezereka: ngati galimotoyo sinali pa pini, ndiye mu 29% ya milandu inapezeka pambuyo pake - pofufuza pa dongosolo! Komanso, maoda opanda magalimoto sanali osiyana kwambiri ndi madongosolo anthawi zonse potsata mitengo yoletsa, ma ratings, ndi zizindikilo zina. Kusungitsa malo opanda magalimoto kunatenga 5% ya zosungitsa zonse, koma kupitilira 1% ya maulendo onse opambana.
Kuti timvetse komwe omwe amatsatira malamulowa amachokera, tiyeni tiwone ma status awo pofufuza pa Pin:
- Zilipo: analipo, koma pazifukwa zina sanaphatikizidwe mwa osankhidwa, mwachitsanzo, anali kutali kwambiri;
- Mwayitanitsa: anali wotanganidwa, koma adatha kudzimasula yekha kapena kupezeka ;
- Tanganidwa: kuthekera kuvomereza malamulo anali wolemala, koma dalaivala anabwerera ku mzere;
- Sakupezeka: dalaivala sanali pa intaneti, koma adawonekera.
Tiyeni tiwonjezere kudalirika
Malamulo owonjezera ndi abwino, koma 29% ya kusaka kopambana kumatanthauza kuti 71% ya nthawi yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amadikirira nthawi yayitali ndipo samapita kulikonse. Ngakhale kuti ichi sichinthu choyipa kuchokera pamawonedwe owoneka bwino a dongosolo, zimapatsa wogwiritsa chiyembekezo chabodza ndikuwononga nthawi, pambuyo pake amakwiya ndipo (mwina) amasiya kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi. Kuti tithane ndi vutoli, tinaphunzira kulosera kuti mwina galimoto pa dongosolo idzapezeka.
Pulogalamuyi ndi iyi:
- Wogwiritsa amayika pini.
- Kufufuza kumachitika pa pin.
- Ngati palibe magalimoto, timaneneratu: mwina adzawonekera.
- Ndipo malingana ndi kuthekera, timakulolani kapena sitikulolani kuti muyike dongosolo, koma tikukuchenjezani kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto m'dera lino panthawiyi ndi kochepa.
Mu pulogalamuyi zidawoneka motere:
Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo kumakulolani kuti mupange malamulo atsopano molondola komanso osatsimikizira anthu pachabe. Ndiko kuti, kuwongolera chiΕ΅erengero cha kudalirika ndi chiwerengero cha malamulo opanda makina pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chokumbukira bwino. Kudalirika kwautumiki kumakhudza chikhumbo chofuna kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mwachitsanzo, pamapeto pake zonse zimabwera ku chiwerengero cha maulendo.
Pang'ono za kulondola-kukumbukiraChimodzi mwazofunikira pakuphunzirira makina ndi ntchito yogawa: kugawa chinthu m'magulu awiri. Pachifukwa ichi, zotsatira za makina ophunzirira makina nthawi zambiri zimakhala chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha umembala m'makalasi amodzi, mwachitsanzo, kuyesa mwayi. Komabe, zochita zomwe zimachitidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala za binary: ngati galimotoyo ilipo, ndiye kuti tikukulolani kuyitanitsa, ndipo ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti sitidzatero. Kunena zowona, tiyeni tiyitane algorithm yomwe imapanga chiyerekezo cha manambala, ndi chowerengera chigamulo chomwe chimagawira gulu limodzi mwamagulu awiri (1 kapena -1). Kuti mupange classifier potengera kuwunika kwachitsanzo, muyenera kusankha gawo loyesa. Momwe ndendende zimatengera kwambiri ntchitoyo.
Tiyerekeze kuti tikuyesa (classifier) ββpa matenda osowa komanso owopsa. Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso, mwina timatumiza wodwala kuti akamuyezetse mwatsatanetsatane, kapena kunena kuti: "Chabwino, pita kwanu." Kwa ife, kutumiza munthu wodwala kunyumba nβkoipa kwambiri kuposa kuyeza munthu wathanzi mopanda chifukwa. Ndiko kuti, tikufuna kuti mayesowo agwire ntchito kwa odwala ambiri momwe tingathere. Mtengo uwu umatchedwa kukumbukira =. Wolemba bwino amakumbukira 100%. Mkhalidwe woyipa ndikutumiza aliyense kuti akayesedwe, ndiye kuti kukumbukira kudzakhalanso 100%.
Zimachitikanso mwanjira ina mozungulira. Mwachitsanzo, tikupanga makina oyesera a ophunzira, ndipo ili ndi chowunikira chachinyengo. Ngati mwadzidzidzi cheke sichigwira ntchito pazochitika zina zachinyengo, ndiye kuti izi sizosangalatsa, koma osati zovuta. Kumbali ina, ndi koipa kwambiri kuimba mlandu ophunzira mopanda chilungamo pa zomwe sanachite. Ndiko kuti, ndikofunikira kwa ife kuti pakati pa mayankho abwino a gululi pali olondola ambiri momwe tingathere, mwina kuwononga chiwerengero chawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kukulitsa kulondola = . Ngati kuyambitsa kumachitika pa zinthu zonse, ndiye kuti kulondola kudzakhala kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa gulu lomwe likufotokozedwa mu zitsanzo.
Ngati algorithm ikupanga kuchuluka kwachiwerengero, ndiye posankha malire osiyanasiyana, mutha kukwaniritsa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zokumbukira.
Pavuto lathu zinthu zili motere. Kumbukirani ndi chiwerengero cha maoda omwe titha kupereka, kulondola ndikudalirika kwa maoda awa. Umu ndi momwe mayendedwe okumbukira bwino amtundu wathu amawonekera:
Pali milandu iwiri yowopsa: musalole aliyense kuyitanitsa ndikulola aliyense kuyitanitsa. Ngati simulola aliyense, ndiye kuti kukumbukira kudzakhala 0: sitipanga madongosolo, koma palibe amene angalephere. Ngati tilola aliyense, ndiye kuti kukumbukira kudzakhala 100% (tidzalandira malamulo onse omwe tingathe), ndipo kulondola kudzakhala 29%, i.e. 71% ya malamulo adzakhala oipa.
Tinagwiritsa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana a poyambira ngati zizindikiro:
- Nthawi/malo.
- Dongosolo ladongosolo (chiwerengero cha makina omwe adakhala amitengo yonse ndi mapini oyandikana nawo).
- Sakani magawo (radius, chiwerengero cha ofuna, zoletsa).
Zambiri za zizindikiro
Mwachidziwitso, tikufuna kusiyanitsa pakati pa zochitika ziwiri:
- "Deep Forest" - palibe magalimoto pano panthawiyi.
- "Mwatsoka" - pali magalimoto, koma posaka panalibe oyenerera.
Chitsanzo chimodzi cha "Zachisoni" ndi ngati pali zofunikira zambiri pakati pa Lachisanu madzulo. Pali madongosolo ambiri, anthu ambiri akufuna, ndipo palibe madalaivala okwanira kwa aliyense. Zitha kukhala motere: palibe madalaivala oyenera mu pini. Koma kwenikweni mkati mwa masekondi amawonekera, chifukwa panthawiyi pali madalaivala ambiri pamalo ano ndipo mawonekedwe awo akusintha nthawi zonse.
Choncho, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za dongosolo pafupi ndi point A zinakhala zabwino:
- Chiwerengero chonse cha magalimoto.
- Chiwerengero cha magalimoto pa dongosolo.
- Nambala ya magalimoto omwe sakupezeka kuti ayitanitsa mu "Busy" status.
- Chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito.
Kupatula apo, magalimoto akachuluka, m'pamenenso pali mwayi woti imodzi mwa izo ipezeka.
Ndipotu, n'kofunika kwa ife kuti osati magalimoto okha, komanso maulendo opambana amapangidwa. Choncho, zinali zotheka kuneneratu mwayi wa ulendo wopambana. Koma tinaganiza kuti tisachite izi, chifukwa mtengowu umadalira kwambiri wogwiritsa ntchito ndi woyendetsa.
Algorithm yophunzitsira yachitsanzo inali . Deta yomwe idapezeka pakuyesa idagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa, deta yophunzitsira inayenera kusonkhanitsidwa, nthawi zina kulola ochepa ogwiritsa ntchito kuyitanitsa motsutsana ndi lingaliro lachitsanzo.
Zotsatira
Zotsatira za kuyesera zinali monga kuyembekezera: kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo kumakulolani kuti muwonjezere kwambiri chiwerengero cha maulendo opambana chifukwa cha malamulo opanda magalimoto, koma popanda kusokoneza kudalirika.
Pakalipano, makinawa adayambitsidwa m'mizinda yonse ndi mayiko ndipo ndi chithandizo chake, pafupifupi 1% ya maulendo opambana amapezeka. Komanso, m'mizinda ina yokhala ndi magalimoto ochepa kwambiri, gawo la maulendo otere limafika 15%.
Zolemba zina zaukadaulo wa Taxi
Source: www.habr.com