American Foundation US National Science Foundation (NSF) ziwerengero za zofalitsa zasayansi ndi uinjiniya m'magazini owunikiridwa ndi anzawo a 2018. Chiwerengero chonse cha zolemba zasayansi ndi uinjiniya, kuphatikiza zida zamsonkhano, zidafika 2. Ndipo chiwerengerochi n’chokwera kwambiri kuposa mmene chinalili zaka khumi zapitazo, pamene nkhani 555 zinasindikizidwa.
Chiwerengero cha zolemba m'magazini osinthidwa ndi akatswiri a nkhani zakula pa avareji ya 4% pachaka pazaka khumi zapitazi. Koma chiŵerengero cha mapepala a sayansi ndi uinjiniya ku China chinakula pafupifupi kaŵiri mlingo wa chaka chilichonse, pamene chiŵerengero cha mapepala ku US ndi EU chinakula ndi theka la mlingo wa avareji.
M'chaka chopereka lipoti, chiwerengero cha zolemba za sayansi ku China chinawonjezeka kufika pa 528 ndipo chinatenga 263% ya zofalitsa zonse za sayansi ndi zomangamanga padziko lapansi. Panthawiyi, zolemba za 20,67 zidasindikizidwa ku United States - iyi ndi 422% ya kafukufuku wapadziko lonse panthawi yopereka lipoti. India ili pamalo achitatu ndi gawo lazofalitsa zasayansi za 808% kapena zolemba 16,54. India imatsatiridwa kwambiri ndi Germany, Japan ndi England.
Russia ili pa nambala 7 potengera kuchuluka kwa zofalitsa zasayansi zomwe zili ndi zolemba 81, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi gawo la 579% la kafukufuku wopangidwa padziko lonse lapansi mu 3,19. Kutengera maiko a European Union palimodzi, adayimira zofalitsa zasayansi 2018, kapena pafupifupi kotala la zolemba zonse zasayansi zomwe zidasindikizidwa mu 622.
Ngakhale zotsatira za kafukufuku ku United States zakhala zazing'ono poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa China, ubwino wake nthawi zambiri umakhala wapamwamba chifukwa umakhudza kwambiri asayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikutsatira maulalo opita ku zofalitsa zasayansi zochokera ku USA, kuchuluka kwake komwe kuli pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa maulalo azinthu zina zonse. Izi ndizodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa kupanga ku USA sikutukuka kwambiri kuposa ku China. Komabe, zolemba zaku China zikufika mwachangu zaku America potengera kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuwonetsa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa kafukufuku komanso kuzama kwa kafukufuku mdziko muno.
Ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti kukhazikika kokhazikika kwachitika m'dziko la sayansi: USA, EU ndi Japan ndizotsogola kwambiri pankhani ya sayansi yaumoyo, ndipo ofufuza ku China ndi India amagwira ntchito makamaka pankhani yaukadaulo wamakina. Makamaka, nkhani zofalitsidwa ku US ndi EU zimakonda kwambiri zakuthambo ndi astrophysics, biological and biomedical science, sayansi yapadziko lapansi, sayansi yaumoyo, psychology ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Mayiko a EU alinso ndi chikoka chodziwika bwino pakukula kwa malingaliro asayansi okhudzana ndi kuphunzira zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, komanso masamu ndi ziwerengero. Zolemba za ku China zimayang'ana kwambiri sayansi yaulimi, chemistry, sayansi ya makompyuta ndi chidziwitso, uinjiniya wamakina, sayansi yazinthu, zachilengedwe ndi kasungidwe ka chilengedwe, komanso fizikisi.
Kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi akupitilira kukula. Mu 2018, nkhani yachisanu iliyonse idalembedwa ndi olemba anzawo ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana. Izi zapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kukhala ogulitsa mabuku asayansi mdziko muno, omwe zaka 10-20 zapitazo sakanatha kudzitamandira chifukwa cha ntchito zambiri zasayansi ndi kafukufuku.
Source: 3dnews.ru
