Maloto a munthu aliyense ndikukhalabe wachinyamata nthawi yayitali momwe angathere. Sitikufuna kukalamba ndi kudwala, timaopa chilichonse - khansa, matenda a Alzheimer, matenda a mtima, sitiroko ... Ndi nthawi yoti tidziwe kumene khansa imachokera, ngati pali kugwirizana pakati pa kulephera kwa mtima ndi Alzheimer's. matenda, kusabereka ndi kumva kumva. Chifukwa chiyani ma antioxidants nthawi zina amavulaza kwambiri kuposa zabwino? Ndipo chofunika kwambiri: kodi tingakhale ndi moyo wautali popanda matenda, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, bwanji?
Thupi lathu lili ndi "malo opangira mphamvu" otchedwa mitochondria. Ndiwo amene ali ndi udindo pa thanzi lathu ndi thanzi lathu. Akamagwira ntchito bwino, sitisowa mphamvu. Ndipo zikafika poipa, timadwala matenda. Dr. Lee Know akuwulula chinsinsi: matenda omwe amawoneka osagwirizana poyang'ana koyamba: matenda a shuga, khansa, schizophrenia, kutopa kosatha, matenda a Parkinson ndi ena - ali ndi chikhalidwe chofanana.
Masiku ano tikudziwa momwe tingasinthire magwiridwe antchito a mitochondria, yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu 90%. Bukuli likupatsirani zidziwitso zaposachedwa pazakudya, moyo, zakudya za ketogenic, ndi zowonjezera zomwe zingabwezeretse thanzi la mitochondria, motero ife.
Kadule. Mitochondrial syndrome
Ndine wamanyazi kuvomereza izi, koma ndinali wowonera zenizeni zenizeni "The Bachelor." Ndinachita chidwi kwambiri ndi gawo lachitatu la Season 17 (January 2013), pomwe Sin (The Bachelor) ndi Ashley (the Contender) anapita kukakumana ndi atsikana awiri omwe akudwala matenda a mitochondrial. Kwa ambiri a inu, ngati munawonera gawoli, aka kanali mawu anu oyamba a matenda a mitochondrial (mitochondrial syndrome ndi matenda ovuta omwe amakhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kobadwa nako kwa mitochondria). Komabe, gulu la matenda ili likuphunziridwa mowonjezereka pamene kuyesa kwa majini ndi njira zamakono zotsatirira ma genetic zimakhala zosavuta, zotsika mtengo komanso zopezeka.
Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80, pamene jini la munthu la mitochondrial linatsatizana, malipoti a matenda a mitochondrial anali osowa. Zinthu zasintha ndikutha kufotokozera mtDNA ya odwala ambiri. Izi zapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha odwala omwe akudwala matenda a mitochondrial achuluke kwambiri. Chiwerengero chawo chimaphatikizapo pafupifupi mmodzi mwa asanu (kapena awiri ndi theka) anthu zikwi. Pano sitiganizira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mitochondrial. Kuphatikiza apo, mndandanda wazizindikiro za matenda a mitochondrial wakula kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa chipwirikiti cha matendawa.
Matenda a mitochondrial amadziwika ndi zithunzi zovuta kwambiri za majini komanso zachipatala, zomwe zimayimira kusakanikirana kwamitundu yambiri yodziwira matenda omwe alipo. Njira za cholowa pano nthawi zina zimamvera ndipo nthawi zina sizimvera malamulo a Mendel. Mendel adafotokoza momwe amatengera cholowa chamtundu kudzera mumtundu wamba wa nyukiliya wa DNA. Kuthekera kwa kuwonekera kwa chibadwa kapena matenda obadwa nawo kumawerengedwa mosavuta pamaziko a kulosera kwachulukidwe kwa zotsatira za kugawanika kwa ana kukhala mikhalidwe yosiyana siyana kudzera mu cholowa chachisawawa cha makope awiri amtundu womwewo kuchokera kumtundu uliwonse. makolo (chotsatira chake, aliyense wa ana amalandira makope awiri a jini iliyonse). Ngati matenda a mitochondrial amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la majini a nyukiliya, njira zofananira za cholowa zimatsata malamulo a Mendelian. Komabe, pali mitundu iwiri ya majeremusi yomwe imathandiza mitochondria kugwira ntchito: DNA ya mitochondrial (yodutsa kudzera mu mzere wa amayi okha) ndi DNA ya nyukiliya (yotengera makolo onse awiri). Zotsatira zake, njira za cholowa zimasiyana kuchokera ku autosomal dominant to autosomal recessive, komanso kufalikira kwa ma genetic kwa amayi.
Zinthu zimasokonekeranso chifukwa cholumikizana movutikira kumachitika pakati pa mtDNA ndi nDNA mu cell. Zotsatira zake, kusintha kwa mtDNA komweko kungayambitse zizindikiro zosiyana kwambiri mwa abale omwe amakhala m'banja limodzi (akhoza kukhala ndi DNA ya nyukiliya yosiyana koma ali ndi mtDNA yofanana), pamene kusintha kungayambitse zizindikiro zofanana. Ngakhale mapasa omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo amatha kukhala ndi zithunzi zachipatala zosiyana kwambiri za matendawa (zizindikiro zenizeni zimadalira minofu yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi njira ya pathogenic), pamene anthu omwe ali ndi masinthidwe amatha kuvutika ndi zizindikiro zofanana zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chithunzi cha matenda omwewo.
Zikhale momwemo, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mtDNA mu dzira la mayi, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa maulosi onse okhudza zotsatira za cholowa. Mtundu wa matenda amtunduwu ndi wosokoneza kwambiri kotero kuti zizindikiro zofananira ndi matendawa zimatha kusiyana kuyambira zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndipo zimasiyana ngakhale pakati pa abale omwe ali ndi masinthidwe ofanana a mitochondrial DNA. Komanso, nthawi zina matenda a mitochondrial amatha kungotha, ngakhale kuti anali (kapena amayenera kukhala) cholowa. Koma zochitika zosangalatsa zoterezi ndizosowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri matenda a mitochondrial amapita patsogolo. Mu tebulo Matebulo 2.2 ndi 2.3 amapereka matenda ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi vuto la mitochondrial, komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Pakadali pano, sayansi imadziwa mitundu yopitilira 200 ya masinthidwe a mitochondrial. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti matenda ambiri osokonekera amayamba chifukwa cha masinthidwe amtunduwu (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kuyikanso matenda ambiri ngati matenda a mitochondrial).
Monga tikudziwira, masinthidwewa amatha kupangitsa mitochondria kusiya kupanga mphamvu, zomwe zingayambitse maselo kutseka kapena kufa. Maselo onse (kupatulapo maselo ofiira a magazi) ali ndi mitochondria, ndipo motero, matenda a mitochondrial amakhudza ma multicomponent ndi machitidwe osiyana kwambiri a thupi (nthawi imodzi kapena motsatizana).
Gulu 2.2. Zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kukanika kwa mitochondrial
Gulu 2.3. Kobadwa nako matenda chifukwa mitochondrial kukanika
Zoonadi, ziwalo zina kapena minofu imafunikira mphamvu kuposa zina. Pamene mphamvu zosoŵa za chiwalo china sizingakhutitsidwe mokwanira, zizindikiro za matenda a mitochondrial zimayamba kuonekera. Choyamba, zimakhudza ntchito za ubongo, dongosolo lamanjenje, minofu, mtima, impso ndi dongosolo la endocrine, ndiko kuti, ziwalo zonse zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.
Anapeza matenda chifukwa mitochondrial kukanika
Pamene kumvetsetsa kwathu kwa ntchito ya mitochondrial ndi kukanika kukukula, tikuyamba kupanga mndandanda wautali wa matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mitochondrial ndikufotokozera njira zomwe matendawa amayambira ndikukula. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti matenda a mitochondrial amakhudza anthu 2500 aliwonse. Komabe, ngati muphunzira mosamala mndandanda womwe uli pansipa, mudzavomereza kuti ndi mwayi waukulu, matenda a mitochondrial (obadwa nawo kapena opezeka) posachedwapa adzalembedwa m'ma makumi awiri ndi asanu kapena ngakhale khumi aliwonse a mayiko a Kumadzulo.
- Type II shuga mellitus
- Khansa
- Matenda a Alzheimer
- Matenda a Parkinson
- Bipolar affective disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Kukalamba ndi kuchepa
- Kuda nkhawa
- Non-alcohol steatohepatitis
- Matenda a mtima
- Sarcopenia (kutayika kwa minofu ndi mphamvu)
- Khalani osalolera
- Kutopa, kuphatikizapo matenda otopa kwambiri, fibromyalgia ndi ululu wa myofascial
Pamtundu wa chibadwa, njira zovuta kwambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zonsezi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya munthu wina imatha kuzindikirika pofufuza zovuta zobadwa nazo mu DNA yake ya mitochondrial. Koma ichi ndi poyambira chabe. Pakapita nthawi, zofooka za mtDNA zimadziunjikira m'thupi, ndipo chiwalo chimodzi chikadutsa malire ena, chimayamba kuchitapo kanthu kapena kutengeka ndi kuwonongeka (chiwalo chilichonse chimakhala ndi chipiriro chake, chomwe tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane. ).
Vuto lina ndiloti mitochondrion iliyonse imakhala ndi ma mtDNA khumi, ndipo selo lililonse, minofu iliyonse, ndi chiwalo chilichonse chimakhala ndi mitochondria yambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali zolakwika zambiri m'makope a mtDNA m'thupi lathu. Kusokonekera kwa chiwalo china kumayamba pamene kuchuluka kwa mitochondria yopanda chilema kukhala m'menemo kumaposa mtengo wake. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa threshold effect36. Chiwalo chilichonse ndi minofu zimatengera masinthidwe enieni ndipo zimadziwika ndi kusintha kwake, zofunikira zamphamvu komanso kukana ma radicals aulere. Kuphatikizika kwa zinthuzi kumatsimikizira zomwe zidzachitike m'moyo wamoyo ku zovuta zama genetic.
Ngati 10% yokha ya mitochondria ili ndi vuto, 90% ya majenereta otsala amphamvu a m'manja akhoza kubwezera kulephera kwa "anzawo". Kapena, mwachitsanzo, ngati kusinthako sikuli koopsa kwambiri koma kumakhudza mitochondria yambiri, selo likhoza kugwirabe ntchito bwinobwino.
Palinso lingaliro la kulekanitsa kwa mitochondria yolakwika: selo likagawanika, mitochondria yake imagawidwa mwachisawawa pakati pa ma cell awiri aakazi. Mmodzi mwa maselowa amatha kulandira mitochondria yonse yosinthika, pamene winayo akhoza kupeza "zomera zamphamvu" zonse (zowona, zosankha zapakatikati ndizowonjezereka). Maselo omwe ali ndi mitochondria yosagwira ntchito adzafa kudzera mu apoptosis, pamene maselo athanzi adzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito yawo (kulongosola kumodzi kwa kutha kwadzidzidzi komanso kosayembekezereka kwa matenda a mitochondrial). Chodabwitsa cha kusiyana kwa DNA ya mitochondria (kapena plastids) m'thupi lomwelo, nthawi zambiri ngakhale mu selo lomwelo, pamene mitochondria ina, mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kukhala ndi kusintha kwa ma pathological, pamene ena alibe, amatchedwa heteroplasmy. Mlingo wa heteroplasmy umasiyana ngakhale pakati pa mamembala a banja lomwelo. Komanso, mlingo wa heteroplasmy ukhoza kusiyana ngakhale mkati mwa chamoyo chomwecho malinga ndi chiwalo kapena selo, zomwe zimatsogolera ku maonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mitochondrial.
Mu thupi la mwana wosabadwayo, pamene maselo amagawaniza, mitochondria ndi masinthidwe amadzaza ziwalo ndi minofu yomwe imasiyana wina ndi mzake malinga ndi zosowa zawo zamphamvu. Ndipo ngati mutated mitochondria idzaza ma cell ambiri, omwe pamapeto pake amasandulika kukhala ma metabolic omwe amagwira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, ubongo kapena mtima), ndiye kuti chamoyo chofananiracho chimakhala ndi zovuta ndi moyo wabwino (ngati ndi kotheka). Kumbali ina, ngati mitochondria yosagwira ntchito ichulukana makamaka m'maselo omwe ali ndi kagayidwe kake kakang'ono (titi, m'maselo a khungu omwe amalowetsana nthawi zonse), ndiye kuti wonyamula mitochondria yotereyo sangadziwe za chibadwa chawo ku matenda a mitochondrial. M’nkhani ya The Bachelor yotchulidwa pamwambapa, mmodzi wa atsikana omwe anali ndi matenda a mitochondrial ankawoneka ngati wabwinobwino, pamene winayo anali kudwala kwambiri.
Kusintha kwina kwa mitochondrial kumayamba zokha ndi zaka chifukwa chopanga ma free radicals panthawi ya metabolism. Zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake zimatengera zinthu zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati selo lodzaza ndi mitochondria yosokonekera igawika pa liwiro lalikulu, monganso ma cell tsinde omwe amagwira ntchito yokonzanso minofu, ndiye kuti majenereta amphamvu omwe alibe mphamvu amatha kukulitsa. Ngati selo lofooka silikugawanitsanso (tiyeni tiyerekeze kuti tikukamba za neuron), ndiye kuti masinthidwewo amakhalabe mkati mwa selo lokhalo, lomwe, komabe, silimapatula kuthekera kwa kusintha kwachisawawa. Choncho, ndizovuta za chibadwa cha matenda a mitochondrial omwe amafotokoza kuti kuchepa kwa zinthu za bioenergetic za thupi, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa mitochondrial, zimawonekera mkati mwa matenda osiyanasiyana komanso ovuta komanso zizindikiro.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti pali majini ambiri kunja kwa mtDNA omwe amachititsa kuti mitochondria igwire bwino ntchito. Ngati kusinthako kukhudza majini omwe amasungidwa ndi RNA, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Ngati mwana alandira cholembera cha mitochondrial pakukhala kwake kuchokera kwa kholo lililonse (kumbukirani kuti zinthu zolembera ndi mapuloteni omwe amawongolera kaphatikizidwe ka mRNA pa DNA matrix pomanga zigawo zina za DNA), ndiye kuti mitochondria yake yonse idzatha. kukhala ndi zotsatira za pathogenic. Komabe, ngati kusinthaku kumangokhudzana ndi zinthu zina zolembedwa zomwe zimangochitika m'zigawo zina kapena minyewa kapena poyankha kutulutsa kwa timadzi tambiri, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zofananira zitha kukhala zakumaloko.
Mitundu yambiri ya matenda a mitochondrial ndi mawonetseredwe awo ndi vuto lalikulu kwa madokotala (onse ongolankhula ndi othandiza), kuphatikizapo zosatheka kwenikweni kulosera za chitukuko cha mitochondrial syndrome. Pali matenda ambiri a mitochondrial kotero kuti ndizovuta kutchula onse, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo sanapezekebe. Ngakhale matenda ambiri odziwika bwino (matenda a mtima, khansa, mitundu ina ya dementia, etc.) amanenedwa ndi sayansi yamakono chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mitochondrial.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kuti palibe chithandizo cha matenda a mitochondrial, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa (makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda ochepa kapena ochepa) akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wokhutiritsa. Komabe, chifukwa cha izi tiyenera kugwira ntchito mwadongosolo, pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chomwe chawonekera.
Za wolemba
Lee Know ndi dokotala wovomerezeka wa naturopathic wochokera ku Canada, wopambana mphoto zingapo. Anzake amamudziwa ngati wazamalonda wamasomphenya, katswiri waukatswiri komanso dokotala. Lee wakhala ndi maudindo ngati mlangizi wazachipatala, katswiri wa sayansi, komanso wotsogolera kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mabungwe akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yasayansi ya kampani yake, iyenso ndi mlangizi pazamankhwala achilengedwe komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, ndipo amagwira ntchito m'gulu la alangizi la magazini ya Alive, magazini yazaumoyo yomwe imawerengedwa kwambiri ku Canada. Amatcha nyumba ya Greater Toronto Area, komwe amakhala ndi mkazi wake ndi ana awo aamuna awiri, ndipo ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndikulimbikitsa thanzi lachilengedwe komanso chilengedwe.
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Kwa Khabrozhiteley 25% kuchotsera pogwiritsa ntchito kuponi - Mitochondria
Pakulipira kwa pepala la bukhuli, buku lamagetsi lidzatumizidwa ndi imelo.
Source: www.habr.com