Mbewu za kusagwirizana zinafesedwa m’makalasi a sukulu ndipo zinamera m’makhichini, m’zipinda zochezeramo, ndi m’makambitsirano apakati pa ophunzira ndi makolo awo. Pamene Collin Winter wazaka 14, wa sitandade 16 ku McPherson, Kansas, anagwirizana ndi zionetserozo, zinafika pachimake. Mu mzinda wapafupi wa Wellington, ophunzira akusekondale anakonza malo okhala, pamene makolo awo anasonkhana m’zipinda zochezeramo, matchalitchi ndi mabwalo okonzera magalimoto. Iwo ankapezeka pamisonkhano ya komiti ya sukulu mwaunyinji. "Ndikungofuna kutenga Chromebook yanga ndikuwauza kuti sindichitanso izi," adatero Kylie Forslund, 10, wophunzira wa Chaka XNUMX ku Wellington. M'madera omwe anali asanawonepo zikwangwani zandale, zikwangwani zodzipangira tokha zidawonekera mwadzidzidzi.
Silicon Valley idabwera kusukulu zakuchigawo - ndipo zonse zidalakwika.
Miyezi isanu ndi itatu yapitayo, masukulu aboma pafupi ndi Wichita adasinthiratu ku nsanja yapaintaneti ya Summit Learning ndi maphunziro, maphunziro a "kuphunzira mwaumwini" omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zapaintaneti kusinthira makonda a maphunziro. Pulatifomu ya Summit idapangidwa ndi opanga Facebook ndipo amathandizidwa ndi Mark Zuckerberg ndi mkazi wake Priscilla Chan. Mu pulogalamu ya Summit, ophunzira amathera nthawi yayitali atakhala pamakompyuta awo, kuphunzira pa intaneti ndikuyesa mayeso. Aphunzitsi amathandiza ana, amagwira ntchito monga alangizi ndikutsogolera ntchito zapadera. Dongosololi ndi laulere kusukulu, kupatula ma laputopu, omwe nthawi zambiri amagulidwa mosiyana.
Mabanja ambiri m'mizinda ya Kansas komwe, chifukwa sukulu zaboma , poyamba tinasangalala ndi luso limeneli. Patapita nthawi, ana asukulu anayamba kubwera kunyumba ndi mutu komanso kukokana m’manja. Ena ananena kuti anayamba kuchita mantha kwambiri. Mtsikana wina m’dzikolo anapempha mahedifoni a bambo ake osakasaka kuti asamve anzake a m’kalasi amene ankamusokoneza pa maphunziro ake, zomwe tsopano ankazichita yekha.
Kufufuza kwa makolo a McPherson High School kunapeza kuti 77 peresenti ankatsutsa Summit Learning kwa ana awo, ndipo oposa 80 peresenti ananena kuti ana awo sanali osangalala ndi nsanja. "Timalola makompyuta kuphunzitsa ana, ndipo adakhala ngati Zombies," adatero Tyson Koenig wa McPherson ataphunzira kalasi ndi mwana wake wamwamuna wazaka XNUMX. Anamutulutsa kusukulu mu October.
Mkulu woyang’anira Sukulu za McPherson County, Gordon Mohn, anati: “Kusintha sikumayenda bwino.” “Ophunzira ayamba kuphunzira paokha ndipo tsopano akusonyeza chidwi chachikulu pa maphunziro awo.” John Bakendorf, mphunzitsi wamkulu wa Sukulu ya Wellington, ananena kuti “makolo ambiri akusangalala ndi programuyo.”
Ziwonetsero ku Kansas ndi gawo chabe la kusakhutira komwe kukukulirakulira ndi Summit Learning.
Pulatifomu idabwera kusukulu zaboma zaka zinayi zapitazo ndipo tsopano ikuphatikiza masukulu 380 ndi ophunzira 74. Mu November ophunzira akusekondale adasamutsidwa sukulu yawo itasinthira ku Summit Learning. Ku Indiana, gulu la sukulu poyamba linadula kenako pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja , pomwe ophunzira 70 pa XNUMX aliwonse anapempha kuti asiye, kapena agwiritse ntchito mwakufuna kwawo. Ndipo ku Cheshire, pulogalamuyo pambuyo pa zionetsero mu 2017. “Pamene panali kukhumudwitsidwa ndi zotulukapo, ana ndi achikulire anakhoza kulaka ndi kupitirira,” anatero Mary Burnham, agogo a adzukulu aŵiri a ku Cheshire amene anayambitsa pempho lakuti Summit ichotsedwe.
Ngakhale kuti mu Silicon Valley palokha ambiri zida zapakhomo ndi kutumiza ana kusukulu kwaulere kuchokera kuukadaulo wapamwamba, wakhala akuyesera kwa nthawi yayitali Maphunziro aku America m'chifanizo chake. Msonkhano wakhala patsogolo pa ntchitoyi, koma zionetserozi zimadzutsa mafunso okhudzana ndi kudalira kwambiri zamakono m'masukulu aboma.
Kwa zaka zambiri, akatswiri akhala akukangana za ubwino wa kuphunzira mongochita zinthu mwachisawawa, mochita kuyankhulana pamaphunziro achikhalidwe motsogozedwa ndi aphunzitsi. Otsutsawo akuti mapulogalamuwa amapatsa ana, makamaka m'matauni ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi zipangizo zofooka, mwayi wopeza maphunziro apamwamba ndi aphunzitsi. Okayikira amada nkhawa ndi nthawi yochuluka yowonetsera ndipo amanena kuti ophunzira akuphonya maphunziro ofunika kwambiri.
John Payne, mnzawo wamkulu ku RAND, adaphunzirapo mapulogalamu osinthira makonda awo kuphunzira ndipo akukhulupirira kuti derali likadali loyambira.
"Pali kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri," adatero.
Diana Tavenner, mphunzitsi wakale komanso CEO wa Summit, adayambitsa Summit Public Schools ku 2003 ndipo adayamba kupanga mapulogalamu omwe angalole ophunzira "kudzipatsa mphamvu." Pulogalamu yotsatila, Summit Learning, yatengedwa ndi bungwe latsopano lopanda phindu - . Diana akunena kuti zionetsero ku Kansas makamaka zokhudzana ndi chikhumbo: "Sakufuna kusintha. Amakonda sukulu momwe alili. Anthu oterowo amakana kwambiri kusintha kulikonse.”
Mu 2016, Summit idalipira Harvard Research Center kuti iphunzire momwe nsanja imakhudzira, koma . Tom Kane, yemwe amayenera kukonzekeretsa zotsatira, adati akuwopa kuyankhula motsutsana ndi Summit chifukwa ntchito zambiri zamaphunziro zimalandira ndalama kuchokera kwa woyambitsa Facebook ndi bungwe lachifundo la mkazi wake, The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.
Mark Zuckerberg adathandizira Summit mu 2014 ndipo adathandizira akatswiri asanu a Facebook kuti apange nsanja. Mu 2015, adalemba kuti Summit ithandiza "kukwaniritsa zosowa ndi zokonda za wophunzira" komanso "kumasula nthawi ya aphunzitsi kuti aphunzitse zomwe amachita bwino." Kuyambira 2016, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative yapereka ndalama zokwana $99,1 miliyoni ku Summit. "Timaona nkhani zomwe zafotokozedwa mozama kwambiri, ndipo Summit ikugwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a sukulu ndi makolo m'deralo," anatero Abby Lunardini, CEO wa The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, "sukulu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito Summit zayamba kuzikonda ndi kuzichirikiza."
Chikondi ndi chithandizochi chikuwoneka bwino m'mizinda ya Kansas ya Wellington (anthu 8) ndi McPherson (anthu 000). Azunguliridwa ndi minda ya tirigu ndi mafakitale, ndipo okhalamo amagwira ntchito yaulimi, pamalo oyeretsera mafuta apafupi kapena fakitale ya ndege. Mu 13, Kansas idalengeza kuti ithandizira "kujambula kwa mwezi" pamaphunziro ndikuyambitsa "kuphunzira payekha." Patapita zaka ziwiri anasankha ntchito imeneyi "": McPherson ndi Wellington. Makolo atalandira timabuku tolonjeza “maphunziro aumwini,” ambiri anasangalala. Atsogoleri a chigawo cha sukulu anasankha Summit.
"Tinkafuna mwayi wofanana kwa ana onse," adatero membala wa bungwe la sukulu Brian Kynaston. Summit anapangitsa mwana wake wamkazi wazaka 14 kudzimva wodziimira payekha.
“Aliyense anali wofulumira kuweruza,” anawonjezera motero.
Pamene chaka cha sukulu chinayamba, ana analandira laptops kuti agwiritse ntchito Summit. Ndi chithandizo chawo, iwo anaphunzira maphunziro kuchokera ku masamu mpaka Chingelezi ndi mbiri yakale. Aphunzitsi anauza ophunzira kuti udindo wawo tsopano ndi kukhala alangizi.
Makolo a ana omwe ali ndi matenda nthawi yomweyo adalowa m'mavuto. Megan, wazaka 12, yemwe amadwala khunyu, dokotala wa minyewa analangizidwa kuti achepetse nthawi yoonera mafilimu mpaka mphindi 30 patsiku kuti achepetse kukomoka. Kuyambira pomwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapaintaneti, Megan wakhala akukomoka kangapo patsiku.
Mu Seputembala, ophunzira ena adakumana ndi zokayikitsa pomwe Summit idalimbikitsa magwero otseguka kwa iwo. Mu imodzi mwa maphunziro ake pa mbiri ya Paleolithic, Summit inaphatikizapo ulalo wa nkhani yochokera ku nyuzipepala ya ku Britain ya The Daily Mail yokhala ndi zotsatsa zankhanza kwa akulu. Pofufuza Malamulo Khumi, nsanjayo inalunjika ku malo achipembedzo achikhristu. Pazonena izi, Tavenner adayankha kuti maphunzirowa adapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito magwero otseguka ndipo nkhani ya The Daily Mail ikugwirizana ndi zomwe akufuna. "Daily Mail imalemba pamlingo wofunikira kwambiri ndipo kunali kulakwitsa kuwonjezera ulalo," adatero, ndikuwonjezera kuti maphunziro a Summit samatsogolera ophunzira kumasamba achipembedzo.
Msonkhanowu udagawa aphunzitsi m'dziko lonselo. Kwa ena, adawamasula kukukonzekera ndi kuyika mayeso ndikuwapatsa nthawi yochulukirapo yophunzirira payekhapayekha. Ena adanena kuti adapezeka kuti ali ndi udindo wa anthu omwe amangowona. Ngakhale kuti Summit inkafuna kuti masukulu azikhala ndi magawo a aphunzitsi opitilira mphindi 10, ana ena adati magawo satenga mphindi zingapo kapena palibe.
Funso linabukanso ponena za chitetezo cha deta yaumwini ya ophunzira. "Msonkhanowu umasonkhanitsa zambiri zaumwini pa wophunzira aliyense ndikukonzekera kuzitsatira ku koleji ndi kupitirira," adatero Leonie Haimson, wapampando wa Parent Coalition for Student Privacy. Tavenner adayankha kuti nsanjayi ikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi lamulo la Children's Online Privacy Protection Act.
Pofika nyengo yozizira, ophunzira ambiri ochokera ku McPherson ndi Wellington anali atakwanira.
Mtsikana wina wazaka 16, dzina lake Miriland French, anayamba kutopa ndipo ankaphonya kukambirana ndi aphunzitsi komanso ophunzira m’kalasi. Iye anati: “Pakali pano aliyense ali wopanikizika kwambiri. Colleen Winter wa sitandade 50 adatenga nawo gawo mu Januware walkout pamodzi ndi ophunzira ena XNUMX. Iye anati: “Ndinkachita mantha pang’ono, koma ndinkasangalalabe kuchita zinazake.”
Msonkhano wa gulu unachitikira kuseri kwa mmodzi wa makolowo, malo okonzera magalimoto a Tom Henning. Katswiri wa Machinist Chris Smalley, tate wa ana aŵiri azaka 14 ndi 16, anaika chikwangwani kutsogolo kwa nyumba yake chotsutsana ndi Summit: “Chilichonse chinafotokozedwa bwino kwambiri kwa ife. Koma ichi chinali choyipa kwambiri , zomwe tinagulapo." Deanna Garver adapanganso chikwangwani pabwalo lake: "Osamira ndi Summit."
Ku McPherson, a Koenig anasunga ndalama ndi kutumiza ana awo kusukulu ya Chikatolika: “Sitife Akatolika, koma timapeza kukhala kosavuta kukambitsirana zachipembedzo pa chakudya chamadzulo kuposa Summit.” Pafupifupi makolo khumi ndi awiri a Wellington achotsa kale ana awo kusukulu pambuyo pa nthawi yophukira ndipo ena 40 akukonzekera kuwachotsa pofika chilimwe, malinga ndi Mtsogoleri wa Mzinda wa Wellington Kevin Dodds.
“Timakhala m’mphepete mwa nyanja,” iye anadandaula motero, “ndipo atisandutsa mbira.
Source: www.habr.com