Malo opangira ma robotiki atsegulidwa ku Yunivesite ya ITMO pamaziko a Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Systems ndi Informatics (CS&I). Tikuwuzani za ma projekiti omwe akugwira ntchito mkati mwa makoma ake ndikuwonetsani zida: makina opangira ma robotic, zida zomangira maloboti, komanso kuyikapo kuyesa makina oyika osunthika pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa robotic wa chombo chapamtunda.
Kufufuza
Robotic Laboratory ndi ya dipatimenti yakale kwambiri ya ITMO University, yomwe imatchedwa "Control Systems and Informatics". Idawonekera mu 1945. Laborator yokha idakhazikitsidwa mu 1955 - panthawiyo idakumana ndi nkhani zodziwikiratu za miyeso ndi mawerengedwe a magawo a zombo zapamadzi. Pambuyo pake, madera osiyanasiyana adakulitsidwa: cybernetics, CAD, ndi robotics adawonjezedwa.
Masiku ano labotale ikugwira ntchito yokonza maloboti amakampani. Ogwira ntchito akulimbana ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi kuyanjana kwa makina a anthu-kupanga njira zoyendetsera bwino zomwe zimayendetsa mphamvu ya robot, komanso kugwira ntchito pama robot ogwirizana omwe amatha kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi anthu.
Laborator ikupanganso njira zina zowongolera magulu amaloboti akutali ndikupanga ma aligorivimu apulogalamu omwe angakonzedwenso kuti agwire ntchito zatsopano pa intaneti.
Mapulani
Makina angapo a robotic mu labotale adagulidwa kuchokera kumakampani akuluakulu ndipo amapangidwira kafukufuku kapena mafakitale. Zina mwa zidazo zidapangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ngati gawo la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.
Mwa omaliza tikhoza kuunikila ndi magawo awiri a ufulu. Kukhazikitsa kwamaphunziro kudapangidwa kuti kuyeze ma aligorivimu owongolera kuti mpira ukhale pakati pa bwalo lamilandu (mutha kuwona dongosolo likugwira ntchito ).
The robotic complex ili ndi nsanja yamakona anayi yokhala ndi gawo la resitive sensor lomwe limatsimikizira momwe mpira umayendera. Ma shafts oyendetsa amamangiriridwa pamenepo pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chozungulira. Ma drive awa amasintha ngodya ya nsanja molingana ndi zowongolera zomwe zimalandiridwa kuchokera pakompyuta kudzera pa USB ndikuletsa mpirawo kuti usagubuduze.
Maofesiwa ali ndi ma servos owonjezera omwe ali ndi udindo wolipira zosokoneza. Kuti agwiritse ntchito ma drive awa, ogwira ntchito ku labotale apanga njira zapadera zomwe "zimasalaza" mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosokoneza, monga kugwedezeka kapena mphepo.
Kuphatikiza apo, malo opangira maloboti a labotale amaphatikizapo malo ochitira kafukufuku KUKA youBot, yomwe ndi makina asanu a robotic manipulator omwe amaikidwa pa nsanja yam'manja yokhala ndi mawilo amnidirectional.
Ma algorithms adayesedwa pa loboti ya KUKA youBot . Amagwiritsa ntchito makina owonera makamera a digito komanso njira zosinthira makanema. Maziko a pulojekitiyi ndi kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kachitidwe ndi ogwira ntchito za labotale.
Ma aligorivimu owongolera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubweza zokoka zakunja zomwe zimachitika pamalumikizidwe a roboti. Chotsatira chake, makinawa amatha kugwira chida chogwirira ntchito pamalo okhazikika mumlengalenga ndikuchisuntha mokhazikika panjira yoperekedwa.
Chitsanzo cha polojekiti yomwe yakhazikitsidwa pamaziko a loboti ya KUKA youBot ndi . Pamodzi ndi kampani yaku Britain TRA Robotic, tapanga algorithm yomwe imatilola kuwunika mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi chida chogwirira ntchito ndi chilengedwe popanda masensa okwera mtengo. Izi zinapangitsa kuti robotyo igwire ntchito zovuta kwambiri popanda kuthandizidwa ndi machitidwe akunja.
Chitsanzo china cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa robot mu labotale ndi selo FESTO Roboti Vision Cell. Zovuta izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ntchito zamakono popanga, mwachitsanzo kuwotcherera. Kuti akwaniritse zochitika zotere, ntchito yokonza zoyenda imayikidwa: chida chowotcherera chofananira chimayendayenda mozungulira gawo lachitsulo.
Kuphatikiza apo, selo ili ndi dongosolo la masomphenya aukadaulo ndipo imatha kuthana ndi mavuto osankha magawo ndi mtundu kapena mawonekedwe.
Ntchitoyi, yomwe idapangidwa pamaziko a FESTO Robot Vision Cell yokhala ndi loboti yamakampani ya Mitsubishi RV-3SDB, imathetsa mavuto okonzekera zoyenda.
Zimathandizira kupeputsa kuyanjana kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ndi wowongolera maloboti pokonza njira zovuta. Lingaliro ndikudzipangira zokha mayendedwe a chida cha loboti pogwiritsa ntchito ma contour omwe akujambulidwa pazithunzi za raster. Ndikokwanira kukweza fayilo mudongosolo, ndipo algorithm idzakonza paokha malo ofunikira ndikulemba khodi ya pulogalamu.
M'zochita, yankho lotsatila lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pojambula kapena kujambula.
Tili nazo panjira yathu , momwe "wojambula wathu wa robot" adawonetsera chithunzi cha A. S. Pushkin. Ukadaulo ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuwotcherera mbali za mawonekedwe ovuta. M'malo mwake, izi ndizovuta za robotic zomwe zimathetsa zovuta zamafakitale m'malo a labotale.
Laborator ilinso ndi chala chala chala chachitatu chokhala ndi masensa othamanga omwe ali mkati mwa zala.
Chipangizo choterocho chimalola kuwongolera zinthu zosalimba pamene kuli kofunika kuwongolera bwino mphamvu yogwira kuti zisawonongeke.
Laboratory ili ndi robotic chitsanzo cha chombo pamwamba, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuyesa machitidwe osinthika.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ma actuators angapo, komanso zida zoyankhulirana zamawayilesi zotumizira ma siginecha owongolera.
Pali dziwe losambira mu labotale momwe machitidwe owongolera amayesedwa ndi chipukuta misozi kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yodutsa.
Pakali pano, mapulani akukonzekera dziwe lalikulu kuti achite mayeso akuluakulu okhala ndi zochitika zovuta.
Kugwira ntchito ndi abwenzi ndi mapulani
Mmodzi mwa othandizana nawo ndi kampani yaku Britain ya TRA Robotic. Tonse pamodzi pakusintha ma aligorivimu owongolera a maloboti amakampani abizinesi yopanga digito. Pabizinesi yotereyi, nthawi yonse yopanga: kuchokera pachitukuko mpaka kupanga zinthu zamafakitale, idzachitidwa ndi maloboti ndi machitidwe a AI.
Othandizira ena akuphatikizapo nkhawa ya Elektropribor, yomwe ife mechatronic ndi robotic systems. Ophunzira athu amathandizira ogwira nawo ntchito pazida, kukonza mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zopanga.
Ifenso ndi General Motors, robotics pamodzi ndi InfoWatch. Komanso, ogwira ntchito za labotale amalumikizana kwambiri ndi kampaniyo , yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mapulojekiti kuti apange machitidwe osunthika oyika zombo zapamtunda.
Amagwira ntchito ku yunivesite ya ITMO , kumene ana asukulu amakonzekera mipikisano yapadziko lonse. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2017 gulu lathu World Robot Olympiad ku Costa Rica, komanso m'chilimwe cha 2018 ophunzira athu mphoto ziwiri pa All-Russian Olympiad kwa ana asukulu.
ife kukopa abwenzi ambiri ogulitsa ndikuphunzitsa m'badwo wachinyamata wa asayansi aku Russia. Mwina apanga maloboti omwe angagwirizane ndi dziko la anthu ndipo azigwira ntchito zachizolowezi komanso zowopsa m'mabizinesi.
Maulendo a zithunzi zama laboratories ena a ITMO University:
Source: www.habr.com