Dongosolo lalifupi lamaphunziro kwa oyamba kumene chifukwa chake ma UPS okhazikika amakhala ozizira komanso momwe zidachitikira.
Kutengera kapangidwe kawo, magetsi osasunthika opangira ma data amagawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu: monoblock ndi modular. Zakale ndi zamtundu wa UPS wachikhalidwe, zotsirizirazi ndi zatsopano komanso zapamwamba kwambiri.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa monoblock ndi modular UPSs?
Mumagetsi osasunthika a monoblock, mphamvu yotulutsa imaperekedwa ndi gawo limodzi lamagetsi. Mu ma UPS amtundu, zigawo zazikuluzikulu zimapangidwa ngati ma modules osiyana, omwe amaikidwa m'makabati ogwirizana ndikugwira ntchito limodzi. Iliyonse mwa ma module awa ili ndi purosesa yowongolera, charger, inverter, rectifier ndipo imayimira gawo lamphamvu la UPS.
Tiyeni tifotokoze izi ndi chitsanzo chosavuta. Ngati titenga magetsi awiri osasunthika - monoblock ndi modular - ndi mphamvu ya 40 kVA, ndiye yoyamba idzakhala ndi gawo limodzi la mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya 40 kVA, ndipo yachiwiri idzakhala, mwachitsanzo, ma modules anayi omwe ali ndi mphamvu. 10 kVA iliyonse.
Zosankha zokulitsa
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma UPS a monoblock ndikuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi, ndikofunikira kulumikiza gawo lina lamphamvu lomwelo lofanana ndi lomwe lilipo. Iyi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri.
Mayankho a modular amapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwapangidwe. Pankhaniyi, ma module amodzi kapena angapo amatha kulumikizidwa kugawo lomwe likugwira ntchito kale. Iyi ndi njira yophweka yomwe imatha kumaliza pakanthawi kochepa.
Kuthekera kosalala kowonjezera mphamvu
Kuwonjezeka kosalala kwa mphamvu ndikofunikira pagawo loyamba la ntchito ya data center. Ndizomveka kuti m'miyezi yoyamba idzakhala yodzaza 30-40%. Ndizothandiza komanso zotsika mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osasunthika omwe amapangidwira mphamvuyi. Pamene makasitomala akuwonjezeka, chiwerengero cha deta chidzawonjezeka, ndipo ndi kufunikira kwa magetsi owonjezera kudzawonjezeka.
Ndikoyenera kuonjezera mphamvu ya UPS sitepe ndi sitepe pamodzi ndi zomangamanga zamakono. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopanda mphamvu za monoblock, kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu sikungatheke kwenikweni. Ndi ma UPS okhazikika izi ndizosavuta kukhazikitsa.
Kudalirika kwa UPS
Polankhula za kudalirika, tidzagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ziwiri: nthawi yoti pakati pa zolephera (MTBF) ndi nthawi yokonza (MTTR).
MTBF ndi mtengo wotheka. Mtengo wa nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera umachokera ku ndondomeko yotsatirayi: kudalirika kwa dongosolo kumachepa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha zigawo zake.
Mu parameter iyi, ma UPS a monoblock ali ndi mwayi. Chifukwa chake ndi chosavuta: magetsi osasunthika osasunthika amakhala ndi zigawo zambiri ndi zolumikizira, chilichonse chomwe chimawonedwa ngati cholephera. Chifukwa chake, mwamalingaliro kuthekera kwa kulephera ndikokwera apa.
Komabe, kwa magetsi osasunthika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira deta, sikulephera komwe kuli kofunikira, koma UPS idzakhalabe yosagwira ntchito mpaka liti. Gawoli limatsimikiziridwa ndi dongosolo la mean time to restore (MTTR).
Apa mwayi uli kale kumbali ya ma modular blocks. Amakhala ndi MTTR yotsika chifukwa gawo lililonse limatha kusinthidwa mwachangu popanda kusokoneza magetsi. Kuti muchite izi, m'pofunika kuti gawoli likhalepo, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwake ndi kukhazikitsa kungathe kuchitidwa ndi katswiri mmodzi. M'malo mwake, sizitenga mphindi zosapitilira 30.
Ndi magetsi osasunthika a monoblock zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Sizingatheke kuwakonza mofulumira chonchi. Izi zitha kutenga maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo.
Kuti mudziwe kulekerera zolakwika kwa dongosolo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi linanso - kupezeka kapena kugwira ntchito. Chizindikiro ichi ndi chapamwamba, ndipamwamba kwambiri nthawi pakati pa zolephera (MTBF) ndi kutsika kwa dongosolo la mean time to recovery (MTTR). Fomula yofananira ndi iyi:
kupezeka kwapakati (ntchito) =
Pokhudzana ndi ma UPS amtundu, zinthu ndi izi: mtengo wawo wa MTBF ndi wotsika kuposa wa monoblock UPSs, koma nthawi yomweyo ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa MTTR. Zotsatira zake, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi osasunthika amakhala apamwamba.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu
Dongosolo la monoblock limafunikira mphamvu zambiri chifukwa ndizochepa. Tiyeni tifotokoze izi pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha N + 1 redundancy scheme. N ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu wofunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito zida za data center. Kwa ife, tidzatenga yofanana ndi 90 kVA. Dongosolo la N + 1 limatanthawuza kuti chinthu chimodzi chosungira sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito mudongosolo chisanalephereke.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito magetsi osasunthika a monoblock ndi mphamvu ya 90 kVA, kuti mugwiritse ntchito dera la N + 1, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lina lofanana. Zotsatira zake, dongosolo lonse la redundancy lidzakhala 90 kVA.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma UPS okhala ndi mphamvu ya 30 kVA, zinthu zimasiyana. Ndi katundu womwewo, kuti mugwiritse ntchito dera la N + 1, mudzafunika gawo lina lamtundu womwewo. Zotsatira zake, dongosolo lonse la redundancy silidzakhalanso 90 kVA, koma 30 kVA yokha.
Chifukwa chake mawu omaliza: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi modular kumatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa data center yonse.
The Economy
Ngati mutenga mphamvu ziwiri zosasunthika za mphamvu zomwezo, ndiye kuti monoblock ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa modular imodzi. Pachifukwa ichi, ma UPS a monoblock amakhalabe otchuka. Komabe, kuchulukitsa mphamvu zotulutsa kudzachulukitsa mtengo wa dongosololi, chifukwa gawo lina lofanana liyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku lomwe lilipo. Kuonjezera apo, padzakhala kofunika kukhazikitsa mapepala a patch ndi mapepala ogawa, komanso kuyala mizere yatsopano ya chingwe.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito magetsi osasunthika, mphamvu zamakina zimatha kukulitsidwa bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pogula ma module angapo omwe ali okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa zamagetsi zomwe zilipo. Palibe katundu wosafunikira.
Pomaliza
Magetsi osasunthika a Monoblock ndi otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kukonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, amawonjezera mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya data center ndipo ndizovuta kukula. Machitidwe otere ndi osavuta komanso ogwira mtima pomwe mphamvu zazing'ono zimafunikira ndipo kufalikira kwawo sikuyembekezeredwa.
Ma UPS amtundu wa Modular amadziwika ndi scalability yosavuta, nthawi yochepa yochira, kudalirika kwakukulu komanso kupezeka. Machitidwe otere ndi abwino kwambiri pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa data center pamlingo uliwonse pamtengo wocheperako.
Source: www.habr.com