Pa Epulo 23, bungwe lopanda phindu la Mozilla, lomwe likuchita nawo ntchito zingapo zofikira kwaulere, zachinsinsi komanso chitetezo pa intaneti, komanso limapanga msakatuli wa Firefox, wofalitsidwa. za "thanzi" la intaneti padziko lonse lapansi mu 2019, zokhudzana ndi momwe intaneti imakhudzira anthu komanso moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku.
Lipotilo likupereka chithunzi chosakanikirana. Choyamba, zimadziwika kuti kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino anthu adadutsa chotchinga chachikulu - "50% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali kale pa intaneti." Malinga ndi bungweli, ngakhale kuti intaneti padziko lonse lapansi imabweretsa zinthu zambiri zabwino pa moyo wathu, anthu akuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi momwe intaneti ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti amakhudzira ana athu, ntchito yathu ndi demokalase.
Bungweli litatulutsa lipoti lake chaka chatha, dziko lapansi lidawonera nkhani ya Facebook-Cambridge Analytica ikuchitika pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kolakwika kwa malo ochezera a pa intaneti kusokoneza kampeni zandale zidawululidwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti woyambitsa Facebook a Mark Zuckerberg akakamizidwa kuti alankhulepo. US Congress idapepesa, ndipo kampaniyo idasintha kwambiri mfundo zake zachinsinsi. Pambuyo pa nkhaniyi, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri adazindikira kuti kugawidwa kofala komanso kosavomerezeka kwa deta yachinsinsi, kukula kwachangu, kugwirizanitsa pakati pa makampani opanga zamakono, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa malonda a pa intaneti ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kwachititsa kuti pakhale mavuto ambiri.
Anthu ochulukirachulukira adayamba kufunsa mafunso: titani pa izi? Kodi tingatsogolere bwanji dziko la digito m'njira yoyenera?
Mozilla ikuwonetsa kuti maboma ku Europe posachedwapa awonapo akugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira chitetezo cha pa intaneti ndikupewa kufalitsa zisankho zomwe zingachitike zisankho za EU zisanachitike. Tawona makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo akuyesera chilichonse kuyambira kupanga zotsatsa zawo ndi ma aligorivimu awo kukhala owonekera mpaka kupanga ma board a zamakhalidwe (ngakhale ali ndi zotsatira zochepa, ndipo otsutsa akupitiliza kunena kuti "muyenera kuchita zambiri!" ). Ndipo pamapeto pake, tawona ma CEO, andale ndi omenyera ufulu akumenyana wina ndi mzake kuti asankhe komwe angapite. Sitinathe "kukonza" mavuto omwe tili nawo, ndipo ngakhale GDPR (EU's General Data Protection Regulation) sinakhale njira yothetsera mavuto, koma anthu akuwoneka kuti akulowa m'nyengo yatsopano ya kutsutsana kosalekeza za digito yathanzi. anthu ayenera kuwoneka ngati.
Choyamba, a Mozilla amalankhula za zovuta zitatu zovutirapo za netiweki yamakono:
- Kufunika kokulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga ndikuchepetsa kukula kwake kumaganiziridwa, ndikufunsa mafunso monga: Ndani amapanga ma algorithms? Amagwiritsa ntchito deta yanji? Ndani amasalidwa? Zikudziwika kuti nzeru zopangapanga tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zovuta komanso zovuta, monga kusankha za solvency ndi kupereka inshuwalansi ya umoyo kwa anthu a ku United States kapena kupeza zigawenga zomwe zingathe kutsutsa anthu osalakwa.
- Kufunika koganiziranso chuma cha malonda akufotokozedwa, chifukwa njira yamakono, pamene munthu wakhala chinthu, ndipo kuyang'anitsitsa kwathunthu kwakhala chida chovomerezeka cha malonda, sichingakhale chovomerezeka.
- Imaona mmene makampani akuluakulu amakhudzira miyoyo yathu komanso mmene maboma a m’mizinda ikuluikulu angagwirizanitse zipangizo zamakono m’njira zothandiza anthu osati malonda. Chitsanzo ndi nkhani yomwe akuluakulu a ku New York adatha kukakamiza Amazon kuti ayambitse mapulogalamu omwe amawerenga zolemba kuchokera pazenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la masomphenya mu Kindle e-reader. Kumbali inayi, nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa momwe, potengera kukhathamiritsa kwa zomangamanga zamatawuni, matekinoloje ochulukirachulukira akuyambitsidwa omwe amalola kuwunika kwathunthu kwa anthu m'misewu yamzindawu.
Zowona, lipotilo silimangokhala mitu itatu yokha. Imakambanso za: kuwopseza kwa deepfakes - teknoloji yosintha nkhope ya munthu pavidiyo ndi nkhope ya munthu wina, zomwe zingayambitse kuwononga mbiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa disinformation ndi zachinyengo zosiyanasiyana, ponena za kuthekera kwa anthu omwe amapangidwa ndi anthu. media nsanja, za zolaula kuwerenga ndi kulemba Initiative, za ndalama mu kuyala zingwe pansi pa madzi, kuopsa nsanamira zotsatira za DNA kusanthula wanu mu ankalamulira anthu ndi zina zambiri.
Ndiye mapeto a Mozilla ndi otani? Kodi intaneti ili yathanzi bwanji tsopano? Bungwe limapeza kukhala kovuta kupereka yankho lotsimikizirika. Chilengedwe cha digito ndi chilengedwe chovuta, monga dziko lomwe tikukhalamo. Chaka chatha chawona zinthu zingapo zabwino zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti intaneti ndi ubale wathu nazo zikuyenda bwino:
- Maitanidwe oti atetezedwe achinsinsi akukula kwambiri. Chaka chathachi chabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pakudziwitsa anthu zachinsinsi ndi chitetezo m'dziko la digito, chifukwa chachikulu cha chisokonezo cha Cambridge Analytica. Chidziwitso ichi chikupitilira kukula ndikumasuliridwanso kukhala malamulo okhazikika ndi ma projekiti. Oyang'anira ku Europe, mothandizidwa ndi anthu owonera anthu komanso ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti payekha, akukakamiza kutsatira GDPR. M'miyezi yaposachedwa, Google yapatsidwa chindapusa cha € 50 miliyoni chifukwa chakuphwanya GDPR ku France, ndipo madandaulo masauzande ambiri akuphwanya malamulo aperekedwa padziko lonse lapansi.
- Pali kusuntha kwina kukugwiritsa ntchito moyenera nzeru zamagetsi (AI). Pamene zofooka za njira yamakono ya AI zikuwonekera kwambiri, akatswiri ndi omenyera ufulu akulankhula ndi kufunafuna njira zatsopano zothetsera. Zoyambitsa monga Safe Face Pledge zikupanga ukadaulo wowunika nkhope womwe ungathandize anthu onse. Ndipo akatswiri ngati Joy Buolamwini, woyambitsa Algorithmic Justice League, amalankhula za udindo wa mabungwe amphamvu monga Federal Trade Commission ndi EU Global Tech Group pankhaniyi.
- Chisamaliro chowonjezereka chikuperekedwa ku ntchito ndi chikoka cha makampani akuluakulu. M’chaka chathachi, anthu ambiri azindikira kuti makampani XNUMX ndi amene amalamulira kwambiri Intaneti. Zotsatira zake, mizinda ya ku US ndi Europe ikukhala yotsutsana ndi iwo, kuwonetsetsa kuti matekinoloje am'matauni amaika patsogolo ufulu wa anthu kuposa phindu lazamalonda. Mgwirizano"»pakali pano ali ndi anthu opitilira khumi ndi awiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ogwira ntchito ku Google, Amazon ndi Microsoft akufuna kuti owalemba ntchito asagwiritse ntchito kapena kugulitsa ukadaulo wawo pazifukwa zokayikitsa. Ndipo malingaliro monga nsanja zogwirira ntchito komanso umwini wogawana akuwoneka ngati njira zina m'malo mwa mabungwe omwe alipo kale.
Kumbali inayi, pali madera ambiri omwe zinthu zaipiraipira, kapena zomwe zachitika zomwe zimakhudza bungwe:
- Kufufuza pa intaneti kwachuluka. Maboma padziko lonse lapansi akupitirizabe kuletsa anthu kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti m’njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pofufuza mosapita m’mbali mpaka pakufuna kuti anthu azipereka misonkho yowonjezereka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Mu 2018, intaneti idazimitsidwa 188 padziko lonse lapansi. Palinso njira yatsopano yowonera: kuchedwetsa intaneti. Maboma ndi mabungwe azamalamulo akuletsa kulowa m'malo ena kotero kuti zitha kutenga maola angapo kuti tsamba limodzi lochezera pa intaneti likhazikike. Ukadaulo woterewu umathandizira maulamuliro opondereza kukana udindo wawo.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika data ya biometric kukupitilira. Pamene magulu akuluakulu a anthu alibe mwayi wodziwa zizindikiro za biometric, izi sizabwino, chifukwa zimatha kupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta pazinthu zambiri. Koma m'machitidwe, matekinoloje a biometric nthawi zambiri amangopindulitsa maboma ndi mabungwe apadera, osati anthu. Ku India, nzika zopitilira 1 biliyoni zidayikidwa pachiwopsezo chifukwa chokhala pachiwopsezo ku Aadhaar, njira yaboma yodziwitsa anthu za biometric. Ndipo ku Kenya, mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe adasumira boma motsutsana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Identity Management System (NIIMS) yomwe ikuyembekezeka posachedwa kuti itole ndikusunga zambiri za DNA ya anthu, malo a GPS kunyumba kwawo ndi zina zambiri.
- Artificial intelligence ikukhala chida chatsankho. Zimphona zamakono ku US ndi China zikuphatikiza AI kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana mofulumira kwambiri, osaganizira zovulaza ndi zotsatira zake zoipa. Chotsatira chake, machitidwe ozindikiritsa anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatira malamulo, mabanki, kulemba anthu, ndi malonda nthawi zambiri amasankha amayi ndi anthu amitundu chifukwa cha deta yolakwika, malingaliro onama, ndi kusowa kwa macheke aukadaulo. Makampani ena amapanga "mabungwe a zamakhalidwe" kuti athetse nkhawa za anthu, koma otsutsa akuti ma board ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kapena alibe chilichonse.
Mukayang'ana zochitika zonsezi ndi zina zambiri mu lipotilo, mutha kunena kuti: intaneti ili ndi kuthekera kotikweza komanso kutiponya kuphompho. M’zaka zingapo zapitazi zimenezi zaonekera bwino kwa anthu ambiri. Zawonekeranso kuti tiyenera kukwera ndikuchitapo kanthu ngati tikufuna kuti dziko la digito lamtsogolo likhale labwino kwa anthu osati loipa.
Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti anthu ambiri akudzipereka kuti apange intaneti yathanzi, yaumunthu. Mu lipoti la Mozilla la chaka chino, mukhoza kuwerenga za anthu odzipereka ku Ethiopia, maloya a ufulu wa digito ku Poland, ofufuza za ufulu wa anthu ku Iran ndi China, ndi zina.
Malinga ndi Mozilla, cholinga chachikulu cha lipotili ndikukhala chiwonetsero cha zomwe zikuchitika pa intaneti padziko lonse lapansi komanso chida chothandizira kusintha. Cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa opanga ndi opanga kupanga zinthu zatsopano zaulere, kupatsa olemba mfundo nkhani ndi malingaliro azamalamulo, komanso, koposa zonse, kupatsa nzika ndi omenyera chithunzi cha momwe ena akuyesetsa kukhala ndi intaneti yabwinoko, ndikuyembekeza kuti anthu ambiri dziko lidzayesetsa kusintha nawo.
Source: 3dnews.ru