Mu umodzi mwamacheza ndidafunsidwa funso:
- Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe ndingawerenge za momwe munganyamulire ma seva muzitsulo?
Ndinazindikira kuti sindimadziwa malemba oterowo, choncho ndinalemba yanga.
Choyamba, lembali likunena za ma seva akuthupi m'malo opangira data (DCs). Kachiwiri, timakhulupirira kuti pali ma seva ambiri: mazana-zikwi; pa nambala yocheperako mawuwa samveka. Chachitatu, timawona kuti tili ndi zopinga zitatu: malo akuthupi muzitsulo, magetsi pa rack, ndikulola kuti ma racks ayime m'mizere kuti tigwiritse ntchito kusintha kwa ToR kulumikiza ma seva muzitsulo zoyandikana.
Yankho la funsoli kwambiri zimatengera zomwe timakulitsa komanso zomwe tingasinthe kuti tipeze zotsatira zabwino. Mwachitsanzo, timangofunika kutenga malo ochepa kuti tisiye zambiri kuti tikule. Kapena mwina tili ndi ufulu posankha kutalika kwa ma racks, mphamvu pa rack, sockets mu PDU, kuchuluka kwa ma racks mu gulu la masiwichi (kusintha kumodzi kwa 1, 2 kapena 3 rack), kutalika kwa mawaya ndi kukoka ntchito ( izi ndizofunikira kumapeto kwa mizere: ndi ma rack 10 pamzere ndi ma rack 3 pa switch, muyenera kukokera mawaya pamzere wina kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madoko mu switch), etc., etc. Nkhani zosiyana: kusankha ma seva ndi kusankha ma DC, tidzaganiza kuti asankhidwa.
Zingakhale bwino kumvetsetsa zina mwazinthu ndi tsatanetsatane, makamaka, kuchuluka / kuchuluka kwa ma seva, ndi momwe magetsi amaperekera kwa ife. Choncho, ngati tili ndi mphamvu yaku Russia ya 230V ndi gawo limodzi pa rack, ndiye kuti makina a 32A amatha kugwira ~ 7kW. Tiyerekeze kuti timalipira 6kW pa rack. Ngati woperekayo akuyezera momwe timagwiritsira ntchito pamzere wa rack 10, osati pa rack iliyonse, ndipo ngati makinawo ali ndi mphamvu ya 7 kW cutoff, ndiye kuti mwaukadaulo tikhoza kudya 6.9 kW mu rack imodzi, 5.1 kW ina ndi zina. zonse zikhala bwino - osalangidwa.
Kawirikawiri cholinga chathu chachikulu ndi kuchepetsa ndalama. Njira yabwino yoyezera ndikuchepetsa kwa TCO (ndalama zonse za umwini). Zili ndi zidutswa izi:
- CAPEX: kugula zida za DC, maseva, ma network ndi ma cabling
- OPEX: kubwereka kwa DC, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, kukonza. OPEX zimatengera moyo wautumiki. Ndizomveka kuganiza kuti ndi zaka 3.
Kutengera kukula kwa zidutswa zomwe zili mu chitumbuwa chonsecho, tiyenera kukulitsa zodula kwambiri, ndikusiya ena onse agwiritse ntchito bwino momwe tingathere.
Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi DC yomwe ilipo, pali kutalika kwa mayunitsi a H (mwachitsanzo, H = 47), magetsi pa rack Prack (Prack = 6kW), ndipo tinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito h = 2U ma seva awiri a unit. Tidzachotsa mayunitsi a 2..4 pachoyikapo chosinthira, mapanelo a zigamba ndi okonza. Iwo. mwakuthupi, tili ndi ma seva a Sh=rounddown((H-2..4)/h) mu rack yathu (ie Sh = rounddown((47-4)/2)=21 maseva pa rack). Tiyeni tikumbukire izi Sh.
Muzosavuta, ma seva onse mu rack ndi ofanana. Ponseponse, ngati tidzaza rack ndi ma seva, ndiye pa seva iliyonse titha kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi mphamvu Pserv=Prack/Sh (Pserv = 6000W/21 = 287W). Kuti zikhale zosavuta, timanyalanyaza kugwiritsa ntchito ma switch apa.
Tiyeni titengepo mbali ndikuwona kuti Pmax amagwiritsa ntchito bwanji seva. Ngati ndizosavuta, zopanda ntchito komanso zotetezeka kwathunthu, ndiye timawerenga zomwe zalembedwa pamagetsi a seva - izi ndizomwe.
Ngati ndizovuta komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri, ndiye kuti timatenga TDP ( phukusi lopangira kutentha) la zigawo zonse ndikuziphatikiza (izi sizowona, koma n'zotheka).
Nthawi zambiri sitidziwa TDP ya zigawo (kupatula CPU), kotero ife timatenga zolondola kwambiri, komanso njira yovuta kwambiri (tifunika labotale) - timatenga seva yoyesera ya kasinthidwe kofunikira ndikuyiyika, mwachitsanzo, ndi Linpack (CPU ndi kukumbukira) ndi fio (ma disks) , timayesa kumwa. Ngati titenga mozama, tifunikanso kupanga malo otentha kwambiri mukhonde lozizira panthawi yoyesedwa, chifukwa izi zidzakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mafani komanso kugwiritsa ntchito CPU. Timapeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa seva yeniyeni ndi kasinthidwe kake muzochitika izi pansi pa katundu uyu. Timangotanthauza kuti firmware yatsopano, pulogalamu yosiyana, ndi zina zitha kukhudza zotsatira zake.
Chifukwa chake, kubwerera ku Pserv ndi momwe timafanizira ndi Pmax. Ndi nkhani yomvetsetsa momwe mautumiki amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe mitsempha ya wotsogolera luso lanu ilili yolimba.
Ngati sitiika pachiwopsezo chilichonse, timakhulupirira kuti ma seva onse amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, kulowetsa kumodzi mu DC kungachitike. Ngakhale pansi pazimenezi, infra iyenera kupereka chithandizo, kotero Pserv β‘ Pmax. Iyi ndi njira yomwe kudalirika ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Ngati wotsogolera chatekinoloje samangoganizira za chitetezo choyenera, komanso ndalama za kampaniyo ndipo ali wolimba mtima mokwanira, ndiye kuti mutha kusankha
- Tikuyamba kuyang'anira mavenda athu, makamaka, tikuletsa kukonzanso komwe kumakonzedwa panthawi yazomwe zidakonzedwa kuti tichepetse kutsika kumodzi;
- ndi / kapena zomangamanga zathu zimakulolani kuti mutaya rack / mzere / DC, koma mautumiki akupitiriza kugwira ntchito;
- ndi/kapena timayala katunduyo mopingasa mopingasa ma rack, kotero kuti ntchito zathu sizidzadumphira pakugwiritsa ntchito mopambanitsa pamodzi.
Apa ndizothandiza kwambiri osati kungoyerekeza, koma kuyang'anira momwe amagwiritsira ntchito komanso kudziwa momwe ma seva amawonongera magetsi nthawi zonse komanso pachimake. Chifukwa chake, pambuyo pakuwunika kwina, wotsogolera waukadaulo amafinya zonse zomwe ali nazo ndikuti: "tipanga chisankho chofuna kuti kuchuluka kwa seva yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa rack ndi ** zambiri ** kutsika kwambiri," malinga ndi Pserv = 0.8 * Pmax.
Ndiyeno choyikapo cha 6kW sichingathenso kukhala ndi ma seva 16 okhala ndi Pmax = 375W, koma ma seva 20 okhala ndi Pserv = 375W * 0.8 = 300W. Iwo. 25% ma seva ochulukirapo. Uku ndikupulumutsa kwakukulu - pambuyo pake, nthawi yomweyo timafunikira ma 25% ochepera (ndipo tidzasunganso ma PDU, ma switch ndi zingwe). Choyipa chachikulu cha yankho lotere ndikuti tiyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kuti malingaliro athu akadali olondola. Kuti mtundu watsopano wa firmware susintha kwambiri ntchito ya mafani ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kuti chitukukocho mwadzidzidzi ndi kumasulidwa kwatsopano sichinayambe kugwiritsa ntchito ma seva bwino kwambiri (werengani: adapeza katundu wambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pa seva). Kupatula apo, ndiye kuti malingaliro athu oyamba ndi zomaliza nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zolakwika. Ichi ndi chiwopsezo chomwe chiyenera kutengedwa mosamala (kapena kupewedwa ndiyeno kulipirira ma racks omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito momveka bwino).
Chofunikira chofunikira - muyenera kuyesa kugawa ma seva kuchokera ku mautumiki osiyanasiyana mozungulira pazitsulo, ngati n'kotheka. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zinthu zisachitike pamene gulu limodzi la maseva lifika pa ntchito imodzi, zoyikapo zimadzaza ndi izo kuti ziwonjezere "kachulukidwe" (chifukwa ndizosavuta mwanjira imeneyo). M'malo mwake, zimakhala kuti rack imodzi imadzazidwa ndi ma seva otsika ofanana a ntchito yomweyo, ndipo ina imadzazidwa ndi ma seva olemetsa kwambiri. Kuthekera kwa kugwa kwachiwiri ndikokwera kwambiri, chifukwa mbiri ya katundu ndi yofanana, ndipo ma seva onse pamodzi mu rack iyi amayamba kudya zomwezo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu.
Tiyeni tibwerere ku kugawa kwa ma seva mu ma racks. Tayang'ana malo opangira rack ndi mphamvu zochepa, tsopano tiyeni tiwone maukonde. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma switch okhala ndi ma doko 24/32/48 N (mwachitsanzo, tili ndi masiwichi 48 a ToR). Mwamwayi, palibe zosankha zambiri ngati simuganizira za zingwe zoduka. Tikulingalira zochitika tikakhala ndi chosinthira chimodzi pa rack, chosinthira chimodzi cha ma rack awiri kapena atatu mu gulu la Rnet. Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti ma rack opitilira atatu mu gulu ali kale kwambiri, chifukwa ... vuto la cabling pakati pa zoyikapo limakhala lalikulu kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, pazochitika zilizonse pamaneti (1, 2 kapena 3 racks pagulu), timagawa ma seva pakati pa ma racks:
Srack = min(Sh, rounddown(Prack/Pserv), rounddown(N/Rnet))
Chifukwa chake, pakusankha kokhala ndi ma 2 pagulu:
Srack2 = min(21, rounddown(6000/300), rounddown(48/2)) = min(21, 20, 24) = ma seva 20 pa rack.
Timalingalira zosankha zotsalira mofananamo:
Nkhope1 = 20
Nkhope3 = 16
Ndipo tatsala pang'ono kufika. Timawerengera kuchuluka kwa ma racks kuti tigawire ma seva athu onse S (akhale 1000):
R = kuzungulira(S / (Srack * Rnet)) * Rnet
R1 = kuzungulira (1000 / (20 * 1)) * 1 = 50 * 1 = 50 rack
R2 = kuzungulira (1000 / (20 * 2)) * 2 = 25 * 2 = 50 rack
R3 = kuzungulira (1000 / (16 * 3)) * 3 = 25 * 2 = 63 rack
Kenako, timawerengera TCO panjira iliyonse kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma racks, kuchuluka kofunikira kwa ma switch, ma cabling, ndi zina zambiri. Timasankha njira yomwe TCO ili yotsika. Phindu!
Dziwani kuti ngakhale nambala yofunikira ya ma racks pazosankha 1 ndi 2 ndizofanana, mtengo wawo udzakhala wosiyana, chifukwa chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa njira yachiwiri ndi theka lambiri, ndipo kutalika kwa zingwe zofunika ndizotalika.
PS Ngati muli ndi mwayi wosewera ndi mphamvu pa rack ndi kutalika kwa rack, kusiyana kumawonjezeka. Koma ndondomekoyi ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa pongodutsa zomwe mungasankhe. Inde, padzakhala zophatikizira zambiri, komabe chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri - magetsi opangira chiwongolero kuti awerengedwe akhoza kuwonjezedwa muzitsulo za 1 kW, ma rack amabwera mu chiwerengero chochepa cha kukula kwake: 42U, 45U, 47U, 48U. ,52u ku. Ndipo apa kusanthula kwa Excel What-If mu Data Table mode kungathandize kuwerengera. Timayang'ana mbale zomwe talandira ndikusankha zochepa.
Source: www.habr.com