Chithunzi cha 53 500 makompyuta apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. M'magazini yatsopano, khumi apamwamba sanasinthe, kupatulapo kukwezedwa pa malo achisanu pa kusanja kwa gulu latsopano. , yopangidwa ndi Dell ku Texas Computer Center. Gululi limayendetsa CentOS Linux 7 ndipo limaphatikizapo ma cores opitilira 448 kutengera Xeon Platinum 8280 28C 2.7GHz. Kukula kwathunthu kwa RAM ndi 1.5 PB, ndipo magwiridwe antchito amafika pa 23 petaflops, yomwe ndi nthawi 6 yocheperapo kuposa mtsogoleri pamlingo.
Gulu lotsogola mu kusanja ndi IBM ku Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA). Gululi limayendetsa Red Hat Enterprise Linux ndipo limaphatikizapo 2.4 miliyoni processor cores (pogwiritsa ntchito 22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs ndi NVIDIA Tesla V100 accelerators), yomwe imapereka ntchito ya 148 petaflops.
Gulu la America likutenga malo achiwiri , yoyikidwa ku Livermore National Laboratory ndi IBM pamaziko a nsanja yofanana ndi Summit ndikuwonetsa ntchito pa 94 ββpetaflops (pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni cores). Pamalo achitatu pali gulu lachi China , yomwe ikugwira ntchito ku National Supercomputing Center ku China, kuphatikiza ma cores opitilira 10 miliyoni ndikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a 93 petaflops. Ngakhale kuti pali zizindikiro zofanana, gulu la Sierra limagwiritsa ntchito theka la mphamvu monga Sunway TaihuLight. Pamalo achinayi pali gulu la Chinese Tianhe-2A, lomwe limaphatikizapo pafupifupi 5 miliyoni cores ndikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a 61 petaflops.
Zosangalatsa kwambiri:
- Gulu lamphamvu kwambiri lapakhomo, Lomonosov 2, lidachoka pa 72 mpaka 93 pamalo osanjirira chaka chonse. Cluster mu watsika kuchokera pa 172 kufika pa 365 malo. Magulu a Lomonosov ndi Tornado, omwe adakhala pa 227th ndi 458th chaka chapitacho, adatulutsidwa pamndandandawo. Chiwerengero cha magulu apakhomo omwe adasankhidwa pa chaka chatsika kuchoka pa 4 mpaka 2 (mu 2017 panali 5. , ndi 2012 - 12);
- Kugawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa makompyuta apamwamba m'mayiko osiyanasiyana:
- China: 219 (206 - chaka chapitacho);
- USA: 116 (124);
- Japan: 29 (36);
- France: 19 (18);
- UK: 18(22);
- Germany: 14 (21);
- Ireland: 13 (7);
- Netherlands: 13 (9);
- Canada 8 (6);
- South Korea: 5 (7);
- Italy: 5 (5);
- Australia: 5 (5);
- Singapore 5;
- Switzerland 4;
- Saudi Arabia, Brazil, India, South Africa: 3;
- Russia, Finland, Sweden, Spain, Taiwan: 2;
- Pakusanja kwa machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makompyuta apamwamba, Linux yokha yatsalira kwa zaka ziwiri;
- Kugawidwa ndi magawo a Linux (chaka chimodzi chapitacho m'mabulaketi):
- 48.8% (50.8%) safotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kugawa,
- 27.8% (23.2%) amagwiritsa ntchito CentOS,
- 7.6% (9.8%) - Cray Linux,
- 3% (3.6%) - SUSE,
- 4.8% (5%) - RHEL,
- 1.6% (1.4%) - Ubuntu;
- 0.4% (0.4%) - Linux Sayansi
- Chiwongola dzanja chochepa cholowera mu Top500 chawonjezeka pa chaka kuchokera ku 715.6 mpaka 1022 teraflops, i.e. tsopano palibe masango otsala mu kusanja ndi ntchito zosakwana petaflop (chaka chapitacho, masango 272 okha anasonyeza ntchito kuposa petaflop, zaka ziwiri zapitazo - 138, zaka zitatu zapitazo - 94). Kwa Top100, malo olowera adakwera kuchokera ku 1703 mpaka 2395 teraflops;
- Kuchita kwathunthu kwa machitidwe onse pamlingowo kudakwera chaka kuchokera pa 1.22 mpaka 1.559 ma exaflops (zaka zinayi zapitazo anali 361 petaflops). Dongosolo lomwe limatseka masanjidwe apano linali m'malo a 404 m'magazini yomaliza, ndi 249th chaka chatha;
- Kugawidwa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha makompyuta akuluakulu m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi ndi motere:
267 supercomputer ili ku Asia (zaka 261 zapitazo),
127 ku America (131) ndi 98 ku Ulaya (101), 5 ku Oceania ndi 3 ku Africa; - Monga purosesa maziko, Intel CPUs ali patsogolo - 95.6% (chaka chapitacho chinali 95%), m'malo achiwiri ndi IBM Power - 2.6% (kuchokera 3%), m'malo achitatu ndi SPRC64 - 0.8% (1.2% ), mu malo achinayi ndi AMD - 0.4% (0.4%);
- 33.2% (chaka chapitacho 13.8%) mwa mapurosesa onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ali ndi ma cores 20, 16.8% (21.8%) - 16 cores, 11.2% (8.6%) - 18 cores, 11.2% (21%) - 12 cores, 7% ( 8.2% ) - 14 cores;
- Makina 133 mwa 500 (chaka chapitacho - 110) amagwiritsanso ntchito ma accelerator kapena coprocessors, pomwe makina 125 amagwiritsa ntchito tchipisi ta NVIDIA (chaka chapitacho panali 96), 5 - Intel Xeon Phi (anali 7), 1 - PEZY (4) , 1 imagwiritsa ntchito njira zosakanizidwa (zinali 2), 1 imagwiritsa ntchito Matrix-2000 (1). Ma GPU a AMD akukankhidwira kunja kwa mndandanda;
- Pakati pa opanga magulu, Lenovo adatenga malo oyamba ndi 34.6% (chaka chapitacho 23.4%), Inspur adatenga malo achiwiri ndi 14.2% (13.6%), Sugon adatenga malo achitatu ndi 12.6% (11%), ndikuchoka pamalo achiwiri mpaka anayi. Hewlett-Packard - 8% (15.8%), malo achisanu ndi Cray 7.8% (10.6%), akutsatiridwa ndi Bull 4.2% (4.2%), Dell EMC 3% (2.6%), Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%) ) , IBM 2.4% (3.6%), Penguin Computing - 1.8%, Huawei 1.4% (2.8%). Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti zaka zisanu zapitazo kugawidwa kwa opanga kunali motere: Hewlett-Packard 36%, IBM 35%, Cray 10.2% ndi SGI 3.8% (3.4%).
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kumasulidwa kwatsopano kwa chiwerengero china cha machitidwe a magulu akupezeka , yoyang'ana pakuwunika momwe mapulatifomu apamwamba amagwirira ntchito omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kuyerekezera njira zakuthupi ndi ntchito zokonza kuchuluka kwa data yofananira pamakina otere. Muyezo mosiyana kwambiri ndikuphatikizidwa ndi Top500, monga momwe mphamvu zamagetsi zilili tsopano mu mlingo waukulu wa Top500 (chiΕ΅erengero cha LINPACK FLOPS ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mu watts chimaganiziridwa).
Source: opennet.ru