Mawonekedwe a UPS kwa mafakitale

Magetsi osasokonezeka ndi ofunikira pamakina pawokha pamabizinesi ogulitsa komanso pagulu lalikulu lopanga lonse. Machitidwe amagetsi amakono ndi ovuta komanso odalirika, koma nthawi zonse samatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Ndi mitundu yanji ya UPS yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafakitale? Kodi ayenera kukwaniritsa zotani? Kodi pali zinthu zina zapadera zogwirira ntchito pazida zoterezi?

Zofunikira za UPS yamakampani

Poganizira cholinga, titha kuwunikira mikhalidwe yayikulu yomwe magetsi osasunthika azigawo zamafakitale ayenera kukhala:

• Kutulutsa mphamvu kwakukulu. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu ya zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabizinesi.
• Kudalirika kwakukulu. Zimayikidwa pa siteji yokonza mapangidwe a magwero. Pakupanga kwawo, zigawozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zingawonjezere kwambiri kudalirika kwa zipangizo. Izi, ndithudi, zimawonjezera mtengo wa UPS, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo zimawonjezera moyo wautumiki wa magwero okha komanso zipangizo zomwe amapereka ndi magetsi.
• Mapangidwe oganiza bwino omwe amathandizira kuwunika, kukonza ndi kukonza zida zamagetsi zosasunthika. Njirayi imapereka mwayi wosavuta kumagulu onse adongosolo ndikuchepetsa nthawi yofunikira kuti muphatikize kapena kusintha zigawo za UPS.
• Kuthekera kwa makulitsidwe ndi kuwonjezereka kosalala kwa mphamvu. Izi ndizofunikira pamene kufunikira kwa mphamvu kukuwonjezeka.

Mitundu ya mafakitale UPS

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamagetsi osasunthika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamakampani:

1. Reserve (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Off-Line kapena Standby). Magwero oterowo amakhala ndi masiwichi odziwikiratu, omwe, pakagwa mphamvu, amasintha katunduyo ku mabatire. Izi ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo, koma sizikhala ndi ma network voltage stabilizer (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mabatire amatha mwachangu) ndipo amafunikira nthawi yosinthira mphamvu ku mabatire (pafupifupi 4 ms). Ma UPS oterowo amalimbana ndi kuzimitsidwa kwamagetsi kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zosafunikira kwambiri.
2. Mzere-zokambirana. Magwero oterowo ali ndi ma transformer kuti akhazikitse mphamvu yamagetsi. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa magetsi osinthira mabatire kumachepetsedwa ndipo moyo wa batri umapulumutsidwa. Komabe, ma UPS sanapangidwe kuti azisefa phokoso ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe amagetsi. Iwo ali mulingo woyenera kwambiri osasokoneza magetsi kwa zipangizo zimene athandizira voteji ndi zofunika.
3. Pa intaneti (pa intaneti). M'malo oterowo, kutembenuka kwamagetsi awiri kumachitika. Choyamba, kuchokera pakusinthana kupita ku chiwongolero (amaperekedwa ku mabatire), ndiyenonso kupita kukusinthana, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zida zamagetsi. Pankhaniyi, osati mtengo wamagetsi womwe umayendetsedwa bwino, komanso gawo, ma frequency ndi matalikidwe amagetsi osinthika. Opanga ena, m'malo mwa kutembenuka kawiri, amagwiritsa ntchito ma inverters a bidirectional, omwe amasinthasintha ntchito za rectifier kapena inverter. Ma UPS a pa intaneti amapulumutsa mphamvu ndipo amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwachangu. Magwero oterowo ndi oyenera kuteteza zida zamphamvu komanso zotengera maukonde.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma UPS amakampani amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri kutengera mtundu wa katundu womwe ukuperekedwa:

• Yoyamba imaphatikizapo magetsi osasunthika, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza njira zopangira ndi zipangizo zogwirira ntchito kuti zisawonongeke. Pazifukwa izi, zosunga zobwezeretsera kapena ma UPS olumikizirana mzere angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
• Yachiwiri imaphatikizapo ma UPS, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi osasunthika kuzipangizo za IT: machitidwe osungira deta kapena ma seva. Magwero amtundu wa pa intaneti ndi oyenera izi.

Zinthu zogwirira ntchito za UPS zamakampani

Mabizinesi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ali ndi zenizeni zawo, chifukwa chake amakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pamagetsi osasokoneza. M'malo mwake, projekiti iliyonse yotereyi ndi yapadera ndipo imayenera kukhathamiritsa zida malinga ndi momwe zilili. Nazi zitsanzo zochepa chabe za zomwe zimapangidwira:

• UPS, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira mafuta kuti iwonetsetse kuti mizati ya distillation ikugwira ntchito motetezeka, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zadzidzidzi osati kuwongolera machitidwe, komanso kwa ma actuators. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu.
• Zomera zamphamvu za m'nthaka zimatulutsa chinthu china: mpweya wa sulfure dioxide. Ikakhudzana ndi chinyezi cha mumlengalenga, imapanga mpweya wa sulfuric acid. Ikhoza kuwononga mwamsanga zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi osasokoneza.
• Pamapulatifomu amafuta akunyanja, chowopsa china ndikuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi, mchere komanso kuthekera kwamayendedwe opingasa kapena ofukula a maziko omwe UPS imayikidwa.
• Zomera zosungunulira zimakhala ndi minda yolimba yamagetsi yomwe imatha kuyambitsa kusokoneza komanso magwero oyendetsa maulendo.

Mndandanda womwe uli pamwambawu ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi zitsanzo zina zambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mosasamala kanthu za bizinesi ya mafakitale, magetsi osasunthika amafunika kuti azigwira ntchito modalirika kwa zaka 15-25. Titha kuzindikira zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa UPS:

1. Malo ogona. Ndizosavomerezeka kuyika magwero pafupi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Ayenera kutetezedwa ku kutentha kwakukulu, mpweya woipitsidwa kapena machitidwe opangidwa ndi makina. Kwa ma UPS, kutentha kwabwino kwambiri ndi 20-25 °C, koma amapitilira kugwira ntchito bwino pakutentha mpaka 45 °C. Kuwonjezeka kwina kwa moyo wa batri kumafupikitsa moyo wa batri chifukwa njira zonse zamakina zomwe zilimo zimafulumizitsa.

   Mpweya wafumbi ulinso wovulaza. Fumbi labwino limagwira ntchito ngati abrasive ndipo limatsogolera kuvala pamalo ogwirira ntchito a mafani ndi kulephera kwa mayendedwe awo. Mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito ma UPS opanda mafani, koma ndizotetezeka kwambiri kuwateteza kuzinthu zotere. Kuti izi zitheke, zidazo ziyenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda chosiyana ndi kutentha kosasunthika komanso mpweya wabwino.

2. Kubwezeretsa magetsi. Lingaliro lomwelo lobwezera magetsi ena ku gridi ndikuwagwiritsanso ntchito ndilothandiza. Zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse ndalama zamagetsi. Machitidwe obwezeretsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama, mwachitsanzo, pamayendedwe a njanji, koma ndi owopsa kwa magetsi osasunthika. Mphamvu zobwerera zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, magetsi a mabasi a DC amawonjezeka. Zotsatira zake, chitetezo chimayambika ndipo UPS imasinthira kunjira yolambalala. Zotsatira za kuchira sizingathetsedwe kwathunthu. Amatha kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi osasunthika a transformer.

Source: www.habr.com