Moni kwa aliyense, okondedwa abwenzi!
Lero tikambirana momwe mungasinthire rauta yanthawi zonse kukhala rauta yomwe ingakupatseni zida zanu zonse zolumikizidwa ndi intaneti yosadziwika.
Tiyeni tizipita!
Momwe mungapezere ma netiweki kudzera pa DNS, momwe mungakhazikitsire kulumikizana kwachinsinsi pa intaneti, momwe mungatetezere rauta yanu yakunyumba - ndi malangizo ena othandiza omwe mungapeze m'nkhani yathu.
Kuti mulepheretse kasinthidwe ka rauta yanu kuti isakudziweni, muyenera kuletsa ntchito zapaintaneti za chipangizo chanu momwe mungathere ndikusintha SSID yokhazikika. Tiwonetsa momwe tingachitire izi pogwiritsa ntchito Zyxel mwachitsanzo. Ndi ma routers ena mfundo ya ntchito ndi yofanana.
Tsegulani tsamba la kasinthidwe ka rauta yanu mu msakatuli wanu. Kuti muchite izi, ogwiritsa ntchito ma routers a Zyxel ayenera kulowa "my.keenetic.net" mu bar ya adilesi.
Tsopano muyenera kuyambitsa kuwonetsa ntchito zina. Kuti muchite izi, dinani madontho atatu omwe ali kumtunda wakumanja kwa mawonekedwe a intaneti ndikudina pakusintha kwa "Advanced View".
Pitani ku menyu "Opanda zingwe | Radio Network" ndipo mu gawo la "Radio Network" lowetsani dzina latsopano la network yanu. Pamodzi ndi dzina la ma frequency a 2,4 GHz, musaiwale kusintha dzina la ma frequency a 5 GHz. Tchulani mndandanda uliwonse wa zilembo monga SSID.
Kenako pitani ku menyu "Internet | Lolani Kufikira". Chotsani kuchongani m'mabokosi omwe ali kutsogolo kwa "Kufikira pa intaneti kudzera pa HTTPS yathandizidwa" ndi "Kufikira pa intaneti pazosungira zanu kudzera pa FTP/FTPS yothandizidwa". Tsimikizirani zosintha zanu.
Kupanga chitetezo cha DNS
Choyamba, sinthani SSID ya rauta yanu
(1). Kenako muzokonda za DNS tchulani seva ya Quad9
(2). Tsopano makasitomala onse olumikizidwa ali otetezeka
Router yanu iyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito seva ina ya DNS, monga Quad9. Ubwino: ngati ntchitoyi ikonzedwa mwachindunji pa rauta, makasitomala onse olumikizidwa nayo amangopeza intaneti kudzera pa seva iyi. Tidzafotokozeranso kasinthidwe pogwiritsa ntchito Zyxel mwachitsanzo.
Momwemonso momwe tafotokozera m'gawo lapitalo pansi pa "Kusintha dzina la rauta ndi SSID", pitani ku tsamba la kasinthidwe la Zyxel ndikupita ku gawo la "Wi-Fi Network" ku tabu ya "Access Point". Apa, yang'anani poyang'ana "Bisani SSID".
Pitani ku tabu "DNS Servers" ndikutsegula "DNS Server Address" njira. Mu mzere wa parameter, lowetsani adilesi ya IP "9.9.9.9".
Kukhazikitsa mayendedwe okhazikika kudzera pa VPN
Mudzakwaniritsa kusadziwika kowonjezereka ndi kulumikizana kosatha kwa VPN. Pankhaniyi, simuyeneranso kudandaula za kukonza kulumikizana koteroko pazida zilizonse - kasitomala aliyense wolumikizidwa ndi rauta azitha kupeza Network kudzera pa intaneti yotetezeka ya VPN. Komabe, pazifukwa izi mudzafunika firmware ina ya DD-WRT, yomwe iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa rauta m'malo mwa firmware yochokera kwa wopanga. Pulogalamuyi imagwirizana ndi ma routers ambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, rauta yoyamba ya Netgear Nighthawk X10 ili ndi chithandizo cha DD-WRT. Komabe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito rauta yotsika mtengo, monga TP-Link TL-WR940N, ngati malo ofikira pa Wi-Fi. Mukasankha rauta yanu, muyenera kusankha ntchito ya VPN yomwe mungakonde. Kwa ife, tidasankha mtundu waulere wa ProtonVPN.
Kuyika firmware ina
Mukayika DD-WRT, sinthani seva ya DNS ya chipangizocho musanakhazikitse kulumikizana kwa VPN.
Tidzafotokozera kuyikako pogwiritsa ntchito rauta ya Netgear mwachitsanzo, koma njirayi ndi yofanana ndi mitundu ina. Tsitsani firmware ya DD-WRT ndikuyiyika pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yosinthira. Mukayambiranso, mudzapezeka mu mawonekedwe a DD-WRT. Mutha kumasulira pulogalamuyi mu Chirasha posankha "Administration | Management | Language" njira "Russian".
Pitani ku "Setup | Kukonzekera koyambira" ndi "Static DNS 1" parameter lowetsani mtengo "9.9.9.9".
Onaninso njira zotsatirazi: "Gwiritsani ntchito DNSMasq pa DHCP", "Gwiritsani ntchito DNSMasq pa DNS" ndi "DHCP-Authoritative". Sungani zosinthazo podina batani la "Save".
Mu "Kukhazikitsa | IPV6" zimitsani "IPV6 Support". Mwanjira iyi mudzapewa kusadziΕ΅ika bwino kudzera mu kutayikira kwa IPV6.
Zida zogwirizana zitha kupezeka pagulu lililonse lamitengo, mwachitsanzo TP-Link TL-WR940N (pafupifupi 1300 rubles)
kapena Netgear R9000 (pafupifupi 28 rub.)
Kusintha kwa Virtual Private Network (VPN).
Kukhazikitsa OpenVPN Client (1) mu DD-WRT. Mukalowa mumenyu ya "Status", mutha kuwona ngati njira yoteteza deta yamangidwa (2)
Kwenikweni, kuti mukhazikitse VPN, muyenera kusintha makonda a ProtonVPN. Kusinthaku sikochepa, choncho tsatirani mayendedwe mosamala. Mukalembetsa patsamba la ProtonVPN, pazosintha za akaunti yanu, tsitsani fayilo ya Ovpn ndi ma node omwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Fayiloyi ili ndi zonse zofunikira zofikira. Kwa othandizira ena, mupeza izi kwina, koma nthawi zambiri muakaunti yanu.
Tsegulani fayilo ya Ovpn mumkonzi wamawu. Kenako patsamba la kasinthidwe ka rauta, dinani "Services | VPN" ndipo pa tabu iyi, gwiritsani ntchito chosinthira kuti mutsegule "OpenVPN Client". Pazosankha zomwe zilipo, lowetsani zambiri kuchokera ku fayilo ya Ovpn. Kwa seva yaulere ku Holland, mwachitsanzo, gwiritsani ntchito mtengo "nlfree-02.protonvpn.com" mu mzere wa "Server IP/Name", ndipo tchulani "1194" ngati doko.
Khazikitsani "Tunnel Chipangizo" kukhala "TUN" ndi "Encryption Cipher" kukhala "AES-256 CBC".
Kwa "Hash Algorithm" ikani "SHA512", yambitsani "User Pass Authentication" ndipo m'magawo a "User" ndi "Password" lowetsani zambiri za Proton yanu.
Tsopano ndi nthawi yoti mupite ku gawo la "Advanced Options". Khazikitsani "TLS Cypher" kukhala "Palibe", "LZO Compression" kukhala "Inde". Yambitsani "NAT" ndi "Firewall Protection" ndipo tchulani nambala "1500" monga "makonzedwe a "Tunnel MTU". "TCP-MSS" iyenera kuyimitsidwa.
M'munda wa "TLS Auth Key", lembani zomwe zili mufayilo ya Ovpn, yomwe mudzapeza pansi pa mzere "YAMBA OpenVPN Static key V1".
Pagawo la "Zowonjezera Zowonjezera", lowetsani mizere yomwe mumapeza pansi pa "Dzina la seva".
Pomaliza, pa "CA Cert", ikani mawu omwe mukuwona pamzere wa "YAMBA Chiphaso". Sungani zoikamo podina batani la "Sungani" ndikuyamba kukhazikitsa ndikudina "Ikani Zikhazikiko". Mukayambiranso, rauta yanu idzalumikizidwa ndi VPN. Kuti mukhale wodalirika, yang'anani kulumikizana kudzera pa "Status | OpenVPN."
Malangizo a rauta yanu
Ndi njira zingapo zosavuta, mutha kusintha rauta yanu yakunyumba kukhala node yotetezeka. Musanayambe kasinthidwe, muyenera kusintha kusasinthika kwa chipangizocho.
Kusintha SSID Musasiye dzina losakhazikika la rauta. Pogwiritsa ntchito, owukira amatha kuzindikira za chipangizo chanu ndikuchita chiwembu chomwe chikuyenera kukhala pachiwopsezo.
Chitetezo cha DNS Khazikitsani seva ya Quad9 DNS kukhala yokhazikika patsamba lokonzekera. Pambuyo pake, makasitomala onse olumikizidwa adzalowa mu Network kudzera pa DNS yotetezeka. Komanso amakupulumutsani pamanja kasinthidwe zipangizo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito VPN Kupyolera mu pulogalamu ina ya DD-WRT, yomwe imapezeka pamitundu yambiri ya rauta, mutha kupanga kulumikizana kwa VPN kwa makasitomala onse olumikizidwa ndi chipangizochi. Palibe chifukwa chokonzekera makasitomala payekhapayekha. Zonse zimalowa mu Network mu mawonekedwe obisika. Mawebusayiti sangathenso kudziwa adilesi yanu ya IP yeniyeni ndi komwe muli.
Mukatsatira malingaliro onse omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, ngakhale akatswiri oteteza deta sangathe kupeza cholakwika ndi masanjidwe anu, chifukwa mudzakwaniritsa kusadziwika (momwe mungathere).
Zikomo powerenga nkhani yanga, mutha kupeza zolemba zambiri, zolemba zokhudzana ndi cybersecurity, mthunzi wa intaneti ndi zina zambiri pa [njira yathu ya Telegraph](https://t.me/dark3idercartel).
Zikomo kwa nonse amene mwawerenga nkhani yanga ndikuidziwa bwino.Ndikhulupilira mwaikonda ndikulemba muma comment kuti mukuganiza bwanji pankhaniyi?
Source: www.habr.com