Pafupifupi wopanga mapulogalamu onse amafunsa mafunso okhudza momwe angakulitsire luso lake komanso njira yakukula yomwe angasankhe: choyimirira - ndiye kuti, kukhala manejala, kapena chopingasa - chodzaza. Zaka zambiri za ntchito pa chinthu chimodzi, mosiyana ndi nthano, sichikhala malire, koma mwayi wothandiza. M'nkhaniyi, tikugawana zomwe zinachitikira katswiri wathu wa backend Alexey, yemwe adapereka zaka 6 ku certification ndipo panthawiyi adagwira ntchito kwa womangamanga.
Yemwe ndi womanga
Katswiri wa zomangamanga wa IT (tech lead) ndi katswiri wapamwamba yemwe amagwira ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi pama projekiti a IT. Amadzilowetsa muzochita zamalonda za kasitomala ndikuthandizira kuthetsa mavuto ake pogwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono, komanso amasankha momwe izi kapena dongosolo la chidziwitso lidzakhazikitsidwa.
Katswiri wotere samafunikira kumvetsetsa magawo omwe aphunziridwa, komanso kuwona njira yonse:
- Kukhazikitsa vuto labizinesi.
- Kupititsa patsogolo, kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu, kukonzekera, kusunga ndi kukonza deta.
- Kutumiza ndi kuthandizira kwa zomangamanga.
- Kuyesa.
- Ikani.
- Analytics ndi ntchito zogwirira ntchito.
Izi zikutanthauza kutha kudziyika nokha mu nsapato za katswiri aliyense kapena gulu pazochitika zachitukuko, kumvetsetsa momwe machitidwe amakono alili mkati, kuzindikira zolakwika zomwe zachitika, ndikupanga zolinga. Nthawi zina muyenera kuchita opaleshoni nokha.
Njira yachitukuko cha akatswiri kuchokera kwa wopanga mpaka womanga imatenga nthawi yayitali - nthawi zambiri zaka zingapo. Kuti achite izi, wopangayo amafunikira luso lothandiza komanso chidziwitso chaukadaulo, chomwe chingatsimikizidwe ndi certification yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zaka zoposa 5 pa polojekiti imodzi - chizolowezi kapena mwayi wakukula?
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, tinayamba ntchito pa dongosolo lalikulu lachipatala la IT kwa kasitomala wakunja. Panali zovuta zina mu polojekiti yayikuluyi:
- mwayi wochepa;
- wosakhazikika prod;
- mipikisano yayitali kwambiri komanso zovomerezeka zazitali.
"Yakwana nthawi yoti muwonjezere luso lanu"", - m'modzi mwa otsogola otsogola Alexey adafika pachisankhochi kuti athane ndi zovuta zomwe zidalembedwa ndikumvetsetsa bwino dongosololi.
Alexey adagawana zomwe adakumana nazo, komwe kuli bwino kuti ayambe maphunziro, ndi ziphaso ziti zofunika kuzipeza, momwe angachitire komanso chifukwa chake.
Khwerero XNUMX: Sinthani Chingelezi chanu
Zilankhulo zamapulogalamu ndizofunikira kwambiri pachitukuko, koma zilankhulo zolumikizirana ndizofunikanso. Makamaka polumikizana ndi kasitomala wolankhula Chingerezi!
Kuchokera kuchita
Tsiku lina labwino, Alexey analandira foni kuchokera kwa wogwira ntchito kuchokera kumbali ya kasitomala. Panthawiyo, wopanga mapulogalamu athu sakanatha kudzitamandira ndi ziphaso zambiri - osati muukadaulo, kapena mu kasamalidwe, kapena kulumikizana. Mwina sizingakhale zothandiza - pambuyo pake, mutha kukhala katswiri waluso popanda regalia yowonjezera. Koma vuto linabukabe.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chilankhulo cholankhulidwa ndi chosiyana kwambiri ndi chilankhulo cholembedwa. Ngati mumadziwa bwino Chingelezi, koma osaphunzira kumvetsera ndi kuyankhula, ndiye kuti tili ndi nkhani zoipa kwa inu. Pachifukwa ichi, kukambirana patelefoni ndi okondedwa kungayambitse mapeto.
Alexey adagwira mawu odziwika pakuitana, koma zolankhula za mnzake zidali zachangu komanso zosiyana ndi katchulidwe kakale kochokera kumaphunziro amawu kotero kuti mfundo yayikulu ya mafunso ake idapita kwinakwake. Chifukwa cha ulemu ndi kusafuna kusokoneza zinthu, Alexey mwamsanga anavomera malingaliro onse.
Kodi ndinganene kuti zinthu zosasangalatsa zidapezeka panthawi yantchito? Wopanga mapulogalamu athu adasainira china chake chomwe akanakana mwadala ngati zoperekazo zidabwera m'chilankhulo chomveka.
Panthawi imeneyo zinaonekeratu kuti kunali kofunikira kukulitsa luso lomvetsera ndi kulankhula. Njira yabwino yochitira izi inali kudzera pa certification.
Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi Certification
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mauthenga mkati mwa ntchito yathu yachipatala, Alexey anaphunzira mapulogalamu angapo nthawi imodzi. Zotsatira zake, adapambana FCE - First Certificate mu English certification. Izi zinandithandiza kuti ndiyambe kumva kasitomala ndikumuuza maganizo anga.
Kuthamanga kwa moyo:
Pewani mapulogalamu a Chingerezi. Luso liyenera kulunjika. Ngati mukufuna Chingerezi cholumikizirana ndi bizinesi, muyenera kuchitenga. Osapitirira monyanyira ndikutenga CAE (Satifiketi mu Advanced English). Kuzindikirika kwake ndi mawu otsogola, mawu achindunji omwe samagwiritsidwa ntchito konse m'mawu amitundu yonse.
Khwerero XNUMX: certification pamtundu wonse waukadaulo
Poyambirira, polojekitiyi idakhazikitsidwa paukadaulo wamapu okhudzana ndi zinthu za ORM. Gulu lachitukuko kumbali ya kasitomala linkanyadira za ubongo wawo, chifukwa zonse zinkachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro apamwamba, ovuta komanso ozizira.
Komabe, mavuto pakupanga-makamaka, seva ya SQL yozizira nthawi zonse-sinali yachilendo. Zinafika poti njira yothetsera vutoli inali kuyambitsanso ntchitoyo. Wogulayo anaimbira foni mtsogoleri wa timuyo nβkunena kuti inali nthawi yoti ayambitsenso. Kenako tinaganiza zothetsa.
Makasitomala ankafuna kukonza momwe dongosololi likugwirira ntchito - chifukwa cha izi kunali kofunikira kuwonetsa mbiri ndikuchita kukhathamiritsa pafupipafupi. Panthawiyo, cha m'ma 2015, Nyerere Profiler adasankhidwa ngati chida cholembera mbiri, koma sichinayende bwino. Ndi tsatanetsatane wochepa, zinali zovuta kupeza zambiri za code yovuta kwambiri. Pazambiri, Nyerere Profiler adayamba kusintha kachidindo kotero kuti magwiridwe antchito anali pachiwopsezo - pomwe mbiri idakonzedwa, zonse zidangowonongeka. Choncho tinasintha njira yathu.
Tinayamba ndi kusanthula ziwerengero
Posanthula ziwerengero zogulitsa, zidawonekeratu kuti 95% ya ntchito pa seva ili ndi malingaliro akale amizere ya 4. Kwa iwo, funso limodzi la SQL linali lokwanira, osati mndandanda wathunthu wamafunso opangidwa ndi block logic block yokhala ndi ORM.
Alexey adapereka lingaliro ndikukhazikitsa njira yosungidwa yosamutsa ntchito popanda ORM. Lingalirolo linkatsutsana ndi momwe polojekiti ikuyendera, mtsogoleri wa gulu adapereka moni mosamala, koma kasitomala adavomereza zonse ndikupempha kuti agwiritse ntchito. Izi sizinali zodabwitsa, chifukwa njira yatsopanoyi inachititsa kuti kuchepetsa kuchedwa kwa kukonza pakupanga kuchokera maola anayi mpaka mphindi zingapo - pafupifupi nthawi 98.
Komabe, tinali kukayikira: kodi ichi ndi chosankha choyenera kapena nkhani yokonda munthu? Chikhulupiriro mwa wamphamvuyonse C # ndi ORM chinagwedezeka ndi ngozi yomwe inasonyeza mphamvu zonse za zothetsera zosavuta.
Mlandu wachiwiri
Gululo linalemba funso kuti ligwire ntchito ndi deta mkati mwa paradigm ya ORM, yopangidwa motsatira malamulo onse, popanda zolakwika. Kukonzekera kwake kunatenga mphindi 2-3, ndipo magawowa amawoneka ovomerezeka. Komabe, kukhazikitsa kwina pogwiritsa ntchito osankhidwa osavuta ndi mawonedwe adapereka zotsatira mwachangu - mumasekondi a 2.
Zinadziwika kuti inali nthawi yoti musankhe katswiri yemwe angalandire certification pagulu lonse la polojekiti kuti amvetsetse zovuta zonse ndikusankha njira yoyenera. Alexey anatenga ntchito imeneyi.
Zikalata zoyamba
Kuti amvetsetse tanthauzo lake, Alexey adadutsamo , kuphimba teknoloji yonse ya polojekitiyi:
- TS: Windows Applications Development ndi Microsoft .NET Framework 4
- TS: Kupeza Data ndi Microsoft .NET Framework 4 Programming mu C#
- TS: Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 Windows Forms Application Development
- PRO: Kupanga ndi Kukonza Mapulogalamu a Windows pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
- PRO: Kupanga ndi Kupanga Mapulogalamu a Windows pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft .NET Framework
- TS: Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 - Windows-based Client Development
Poyesera kukhathamiritsa ntchito pa polojekiti yatsopanoyi, gululo lidafika pamalingaliro awa:
- Kuti machitidwewa agwire ntchito, m'pofunika kutsatira malamulo olembera: osati ma indentations ndi ndemanga, koma makhalidwe aukadaulo - chiwerengero cha mafoni ku databases, katundu pa seva, ndi zina zambiri.
- Kutsatira mfundo zotsutsana kungayambitse mavuto. Lingaliro la nkhokwe ndi lingaliro lokhazikitsidwa, pomwe ORM ndi lingaliro la magwiridwe antchito.
- Malingaliro omwe amasokoneza dongosolo lanthawi zonse angakumane ndi kutsutsa mkati mwa gulu. Chitukuko chimakhudzanso maubwenzi komanso kuthekera kotsutsa malingaliro anu.
- Chitsimikizo chimakulitsa mawonekedwe anu ndikukulolani kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Khwerero XNUMX: Phunzirani Zambiri Kuposa Code
Pogwira ntchito pamayankho akuluakulu a IT, zinthu zambiri ndizofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, sikuti aliyense wopanga amalabadira magawo a network, koma ngakhale bandwidth yake ingakhudze yankho la vuto la bizinesi.
Kumvetsetsa izi kumaperekedwa 98 mndandanda satifiketi:
Amakulolani kuti muyang'ane mozama pa zinthu ndikutuluka mu lingaliro lochepa la "code yokha". Izi ndi Zofunikira, zoyambira, koma ndizofunikira kumvetsetsa chilichonse mozama.
Zitsimikizo za Series 98 ndi mayeso achidule - mafunso 30 kwa mphindi 45.
Khwerero XNUMX: Kuwongolera Njira
Kugwira ntchito ndi zipatala ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuposa kupanga masewera amafoni. Apa simungathe kuwonjezera chinthu ndikuchitulutsa kuti chipangidwe - ndikofunikira kutsatira njira yovomerezeka ndikupanga zosintha zambiri kuchokera kwa kasitomala, chifukwa thanzi la anthu ndi miyoyo yawo zili pachiwopsezo.
Agile wamba sanatulutse zotsatira zomwe akufuna pantchitoyi, ndipo sprint iliyonse idatenga nthawi yayitali. Pakati pa kutumiza zidatenga miyezi 6 mpaka chaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinali zosatheka mwaukadaulo kubweretsa njira za zipatala khumi zomwe zidatumizidwa kuzinthu zina.
Kuti apeze zotsatira mofulumira pansi pazimenezi, omanga amafunikira udindo waumwini ndi masomphenya akuluakulu a njira - zomwe zikutanthauza kukhazikika kosalekeza ndi ziyeneretso zapamwamba.
Pamene katswiri amizidwa mu ndondomekoyi, amawona bwino zotsatira, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira zake, chithunzi chonse. Izi nthawi yomweyo ndi chinthu cholimbikitsa komanso kuzindikira, kukulitsa luso lothana ndi mavuto ndi mavuto.
Ndi zomangamanga zogwira ntchito bwino, zomangamanga zomangidwa bwino komanso ma code abwino, munthu mmodzi akhoza kutenga njira zambiri. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti nkofunika kukweza asilikali onse omwe angathe kutsogolera ntchitoyi okha. Kuyankhulana ndi ntchito yamagulu ndizofunikira.
Mu gulu, wopanga aliyense amamvetsetsa kuti anzake amadalira zochita zake. Kusunga mphindi 5 panthawi yachitukuko kumatanthauza mwina maola 5 owonjezera oyesa. Kuti timvetse izi, ndikofunika kukhazikitsa mauthenga.
Mu ntchito yathu, Alexey analandira thandizo kuti adziwe njira :
- M_o_R Foundation Certificate in Risk Management
- Agile Scrum Foundation
- IT Service Management Foundation
- EXIN Business Information Management Foundation
- PRINCE2 Foundation Certificate mu Project Management
- Satifiketi ya Engineer Test
- Microsoft Operations Framework Foundation
- Agile Service Projects
Maphunziro adatengedwa pa edX omwe adathandizira kuyang'ana dongosolo kuchokera pamalingaliro a ziwerengero ndi mapulogalamu otsamira ndipo pambuyo pake adakankhira kuti apeze. satifiketi ya zomangamanga:
- Lean Production
- Six Sigma: Kusanthula, Kuwongolera, Kuwongolera
- Six Sigma: Tanthauzo ndi Kuyeza
Malinga ndi mfundo ya Six Sigma, kuyang'anira ziwerengero kumatsimikizira zotsatira zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zingatheke kwambiri.
Kukweza msinkhu wake, wopanga mapulogalamu, monga lamulo, amafika paziganizo zotsatirazi:
- Osagwira ntchito molimbika, koma gwirani ntchito moyenera.
- Osaumiriza moyo wanu pothamangitsa kunja: ukadaulo wapamwamba sizimathetsa mavuto bwino.
- Pangani zibwenzi ndi akatswiri pamagawo onse ozungulira ndikupeza zowawa zawo. Womangamanga ayenera kudziwa bwino njira: kuzindikira vuto, kukhazikitsa vuto, kupanga ma network topology, chitukuko, kuyesa, chithandizo, ntchito.
- Onani chilichonse mkati ndi kunja.
- Zimachitika kuti njira za IT sizigwirizana ndi bizinesi, ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Khwerero XNUMX: mvetsetsani kamangidwe kake kudzera mu lens ya Big Data
Pantchitoyi tidachita ndi ma database akuluakulu. Ngakhale zinali choncho mpaka mphindi inayake. Pamene Alexey anayamba kuphunzira deta yaikulu pa edX, zinapezeka kuti 1,5 Tb pa polojekitiyi inali yaing'ono yachinsinsi. Miyeso yayikulu - kuchokera ku 10 Tb, ndi njira zina zofunika pamenepo.
Chotsatira chopita ku chiphaso chinali maphunziro pa data yayikulu. Anathandizira kumvetsetsa kayendetsedwe ka deta ndikufulumizitsa ntchito zopanga. Komanso tcherani khutu ku zida zing'onozing'ono, mwachitsanzo, yambani kugwiritsa ntchito Excel kuti muthetse ma micro-tasks.
Chiphaso:
Microsoft Professional Program: Big Data Certificate
Khwerero XNUMX: kuchokera kwa wopanga mpaka womanga
Atalandira ziphaso zonse zomwe zalembedwa, akadali wopanga mapulogalamu, Alexey anayamba kumvetsetsa kuti zomwe adalandira zinali ndi chidziwitso chapamwamba, ndipo izi sizinali zoipa.
Masomphenya ochuluka a njira amatsogolera ku msinkhu wa womangamanga, imodzi mwazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri za certification.
Pofunafuna certification wa zomangamanga, Alexey anabwera ndi Sundblad & Sundblad. Iyi ndi pulogalamu yodziwika ndi Microsoft, chitukuko chake chinayamba zaka 14 zapitazo ndi mgwirizano wa mutu wa kampaniyo ndi maofesi aku Sweden. Imakhala ndi .NET Framework, kusonkhanitsa zofunikira, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka chidziwitso, ndi mitu ina yambiri yapamwamba ndipo imatengedwa ngati umboni wamphamvu wa luso la mmisiri.
Panali maphunziro oti muphunzire mkati mwa pulogalamuyi. Certification systematized chidziwitso ndipo idatilola kulowa gawo latsopano lachitukuko - kuchokera kwa wopanga mpaka womanga.
Kuphatikizidwa
Monga momwe Alexey akunenera, pogwira ntchito ndi makina akuluakulu a IT, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mapulogalamu si zosangalatsa zodula, koma chida chothetsera mavuto a bizinesi. Mukakumana ndi izi kapena zovutazo, muyeneradi kulemba phindu la bizinesi kuti polojekitiyi isafike kumapeto.
Womangayo ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera a mapulogalamu ndi zida zake zoyambira:
- Kupanga ndi/kapena kusunga mayendedwe a data
- Kutulutsa zidziwitso kuchokera kumayendedwe a data
- Kutulutsa mtengo kuchokera kumayendedwe azinthu
- Value Stream Monetization
Ngati muyang'ana polojekiti kudzera m'maso mwa womangamanga, muyenera kuyambira kumapeto: pangani mtengo ndikupita kwa iwo kudzera mumayendedwe a deta.
Womangayo amatsatira malamulo a chitukuko, kukhala ndi masomphenya apadziko lonse a polojekitiyi. Ndizosatheka kuzifikitsa kudzera muzochita ndi zolakwa zanu - kapena m'malo mwake, ndizotheka, koma zidzatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Chitsimikizo chimakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa malingaliro anu ndikuyang'ana nkhani yonse yankhani iliyonse, dziwani zomwe akatswiri masauzande ambiri akumana nazo ndikukulitsa luso lotha kuthetsa mavuto.
Mpaka pano, takhala tikugwira ntchito ndi njira zachipatala zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa kwa zaka zoposa zisanu ndipo tapindula kwambiri. Panthawiyi, Alexey adapambana mayeso opitilira 20:
- TS: Windows Applications Development ndi Microsoft .NET Framework 4
- TS: Kupeza Data ndi Microsoft .NET Framework 4 Programming mu C#
- TS: Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 Windows Forms Application Development
- PRO: Kupanga ndi Kukonza Mapulogalamu a Windows pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
- PRO: Kupanga ndi Kupanga Mapulogalamu a Windows pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft .NET Framework
- TS: Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 - Windows-based Client Development
- 98-361: Zofunikira Zopanga Mapulogalamu
- 98-364: Zoyambira Zosungirako Zake
- M_o_R Foundation Certificate in Risk Management
- Agile Scrum Foundation
- IT Service Management Foundation
- EXIN Business Information Management Foundation
- PRINCE2 Foundation Certificate mu Project Management
- Satifiketi ya Engineer Test
- Microsoft Operations Framework Foundation
- Agile Service Projects
- Lean Production
- Six Sigma: Kusanthula, Kuwongolera, Kuwongolera
- Six Sigma: Tanthauzo ndi Kuyeza
- Microsoft Professional Program: Big Data Certificate
- Certified Software Architect - Microsoft Platform
Atapambana mayeso onse, Alexey adadzuka kuchokera pagulu lotsogola kukhala womanga mapulani. Nthawi yomweyo, chiphaso chakhala chida champhamvu pazachitukuko chaukadaulo komanso kukulitsa mbiri pamaso pa kasitomala.
"Certification Ram" idathandizira kupeza njira zovuta zomwe zimafunikira kuwongolera ndi kuwunikira. Makasitomala aku Europe a mayankho a IT, monga lamulo, amayamikira kwambiri akatswiri ovomerezeka ndipo ali okonzeka kuwapatsa ufulu wochitapo kanthu.
Zikomo chifukwa chakumvetsera! Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi idakuthandizani.
Source: www.habr.com