The Opportunity rover yakhala ikuyang'ana Red Planet kuyambira 2004 ndipo panalibe zofunikira zomwe sizikanatha kupitiliza ntchito zake. Komabe, mu 2018, chimphepo chamchenga chinawomba padziko lapansi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti makinawo afe. Fumbi liyenera kuti linaphimbatu mapanelo a dzuwa a Opportunity, zomwe zinachititsa kuti magetsi awonongeke. Mwanjira ina, mu February 2019, bungwe loyang'anira zakuthambo ku America NASA lidalengeza kuti rover yafa. Tsopano asayansi amanena kuti madzi akanatha kuchotsedwa pamwamba pa Mars mofananamo. Izi zidafikiridwa ndi ofufuza a NASA omwe amadziwa zambiri za Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO).
Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti m'mbuyomo, Mars anali ndi mpweya wochuluka kwambiri ndipo pafupifupi 20% ya dziko lapansili linali ndi madzi amadzimadzi. Pafupifupi zaka mabiliyoni 4 zapitazo, Red Planet inataya mphamvu yake ya maginito, pambuyo pake chitetezo chake ku mphepo zowononga dzuwa chinafooka, zomwe zinachititsa kuti mpweya wake uwonongeke.
Njira zimenezi zachititsa kuti madzi a padzikoli asavutike. Zambiri zomwe zapezedwa kuchokera ku zowonera za TGO zikuwonetsa kuti mkuntho wafumbi ndi womwe umayambitsa kutha kwa madzi ku Red Planet. Nthawi yabwinobwino, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamadzi mumlengalenga timakhala pamtunda wa 20 km kuchokera padziko lapansi, pomwe mkuntho wafumbi womwe udapha mwayi, TGO idazindikira mamolekyu amadzi pamtunda wa 80 km. Pamwambapa, mamolekyu amadzi amagawidwa kukhala haidrojeni ndi okosijeni, odzazidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta dzuwa. Pokhala mβmalo okwera mumlengalenga, madzi amakhala opepuka kwambiri, zomwe zingathandize kuti achotsedwe pamwamba pa Mars.
Source: 3dnews.ru