Zotsatira za voti wamba (GR, kusamvana kwakukulu) kwa omwe akupanga pulojekiti ya Debian omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kusungitsa phukusi ndi kukonza zomangamanga zasindikizidwa, pomwe nkhani yopereka firmware yaumwini monga gawo la zithunzi zokhazikitsidwa ndi zomanga zokhazikika idaganiziridwa. Mfundo yachisanu "Sinthani Social Contract kuti apereke firmware yopanda ufulu mu installer ndi makonzedwe a yunifolomu kukhazikitsa misonkhano" anapambana voti.
Njira yosankhidwa ikuphatikizapo kusintha Debian Social Contract, yomwe imatanthawuza mfundo zofunika kwambiri za polojekitiyi ndi zomwe polojekitiyi ikuyenera kuchita kwa anthu ammudzi. M'ndime yachisanu ya mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe cha anthu, yomwe imafuna kutsata malamulo a pulogalamu yaulere, cholemba chidzawonjezedwa kuti mauthenga ovomerezeka a Debian angaphatikizepo firmware yomwe siili gawo la Debian system ngati kuli kofunikira kuti kugawa kuyendetse pa hardware yomwe imafuna. firmware yotere kuti iyendetse.
Makina osindikizira a Debian ovomerezeka ndi zithunzi zamoyo zidzaphatikizapo phukusi kuchokera ku gawo la "non-free-firmware", momwe zigawo zokhudzana ndi firmware zimachotsedwa kumalo opanda ufulu. Ngati muli ndi zida zomwe zimafuna fimuweya yakunja kuti igwire ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito firmware yofunikira kumathandizidwa mwachisawawa. Nthawi yomweyo, kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amakonda mapulogalamu aulere okha, pagawo lotsitsa adzapatsidwa mwayi woletsa kugwiritsa ntchito firmware yopanda ufulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, okhazikitsa ndi chithunzi chamoyo adzapereka chidziwitso cha mtundu wanji wa firmware yomwe yakwezedwa. Zambiri za firmware yogwiritsidwa ntchito zidzasungidwanso kudongosolo loyika kuti wogwiritsa ntchito adziwe zambiri za firmware yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake. Ngati firmware ndiyofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zitatha kukhazikitsa, dongosololi likuwonetsanso kuwonjezera malo osungira osakhala aulere ku fayilo ya sources.list mwachisawawa, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wolandila zosintha za firmware zomwe zimakonza zofooka ndi zolakwika zofunika. Zithunzi zomwe zili ndi firmware yaumwini zidzaperekedwa ngati zofalitsa zovomerezeka, zomwe zidzalowe m'malo mwa zithunzi zomwe zaperekedwa kale popanda firmware eni eni.
Nkhani yobweretsera firmware yakhala yofunika chifukwa opanga zida akugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri firmware yakunja yodzaza ndi opareshoni, m'malo mopereka firmware mu kukumbukira kosatha pazida zomwezo. Firmware yakunja yotere ndiyofunikira pazithunzi zambiri zamakono, zomveka komanso ma adapter a network. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, funso la momwe kuperekera kwa firmware yaumwini kumayenderana ndi kufunikira kopereka mapulogalamu aulere okha pamapangidwe akuluakulu a Debian ndilosavuta, popeza firmware imachitidwa pazida za hardware, osati mu dongosolo, ndipo ikugwirizana ndi zipangizo. . Makompyuta amakono, okonzeka ngakhale ndi magawo aulere, amayendetsa firmware yomangidwa mu zida. Kusiyanitsa kokha ndikuti firmware ina imayikidwa ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito, pamene ena ayamba kale kuwunikira mu ROM kapena Flash memory.
Mpaka pano, firmware yaumwini sinaphatikizidwe muzithunzi zovomerezeka za Debian ndipo idaperekedwa m'malo ena opanda ufulu. Misonkhano yoyika ndi firmware yaumwini imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavomerezeka ndipo imagawidwa padera, zomwe zimabweretsa chisokonezo ndikubweretsa zovuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakono kumatha kutheka pokhapokha mutakhazikitsa firmware. Pulojekiti ya Debian idakhudzidwanso ndikukonzekera ndi kukonza misonkhano yosavomerezeka yokhala ndi firmware eni eni, zomwe zimafuna ndalama zowonjezera pakusonkhanitsa, kuyesa ndi kutumiza misonkhano yosagwirizana ndi boma yomwe idafanana ndi yovomerezeka.
Pakhala pali zinthu zomwe zomanga zosavomerezeka zimakhala zabwino kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ngati akufuna kupeza chithandizo chanthawi zonse pazida zake, ndipo kuyika zomangira zovomerezeka nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mavuto ndi chithandizo cha Hardware. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito misonkhano yosavomerezeka kumalepheretsa kukwaniritsa zabwino zoperekera pulogalamu yotseguka yokha ndipo mosadziwa kumabweretsa kutchuka kwa mapulogalamu a eni, popeza wogwiritsa ntchito, pamodzi ndi firmware, amalandiranso malo olumikizidwa omwe alibe ufulu ndi ena omwe si-. pulogalamu yaulere.
Source: opennet.ru