Zaka zingapo zapitazo ndinadziwana ndi ma microcontrollers aku Russia ochokera ku Milannder. Zinali 2013, pamene mainjiniya anali kukambirana mwamphamvu zotsatira zoyambirira za Federal Target Program "Development of electronic component base and radio electronics" for 2008-2015. Panthawiyo, wolamulira wa K1986BE9x (Cortex-M3 core) anali atatulutsidwa kale, ndipo wolamulira wa 1986BE1T (Cortex-M1 core) anali atangowonekera kumene. Pankhani ya pulasitiki, LQFP-144, inali ndi dzina lakuti K1986BE1QI (ndege) muzolemba, ndipo pa chip palokha dzina lakuti MDR32F1QI. Patsamba la wopanga ili ndi mawu oti "avia", popeza ili ndi zolumikizirana ndi makampani opanga ndege (ARINC 429, MIL_STD_1553).
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, panthawi yogawa olamulirawa, kampani ya Milannder inakonza zida zowonongeka ndi laibulale ya subroutines kuti azigwira ntchito ndi zotumphukira, "koma popanda zitsimikizo zina zowonjezera kapena zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kulondola kwa laibulale." Laibulaleyi ndi yofanana ndi Standard Peripheral Library yochokera ku STMicroelectronics. Mwambiri, olamulira onse a ARM omangidwa pachimake cha Cortex-M ali ndi zofanana. Pachifukwa ichi, kuzolowerana ndi olamulira atsopano aku Russia kunapitilira mwachangu. Ndipo kwa iwo omwe adagula zida zosinthira zilembo, chithandizo chaukadaulo chidaperekedwa pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zida zochotsa zolakwika za microcontroller 1986BE1T, © Milander
Komabe, m’kupita kwa nthaŵi, “matenda aubwana” a ma microcircuits atsopano ndi malaibulale anayamba kuonekera. Zitsanzo zoyeserera za firmware zidagwira ntchito popanda zovuta zowoneka, koma ndikusintha kwakukulu, kuwonongeka ndi zolakwika zidachitika. "Kumeza" koyamba muzochita zanga kunali kulephera kosadziwika bwino pakugwira ntchito kwa wolamulira wa CAN. Patatha chaka chimodzi, vuto la gawoli linapezeka pa 1986BE1T (ndege) woyang'anira kukonzanso koyambirira. . Nthawi zambiri, kusinthidwa konse kwa ma microcontroller awa mpaka 2016 kunali kosagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. Nthawi yambiri komanso mitsempha idayamba kuzindikira mavutowa, kutsimikizira komwe kungapezeke tsopano .
Chinthu chosasangalatsa chinali chakuti kunali koyenera kugwira ntchito ndi kuthana ndi zolakwika osati pa matabwa oyendetsa galimoto, koma pazitsulo zazitsulo zomwe zinakonzedweratu kupanga fakitale ya serial. Nthawi zambiri panalibe chilichonse kupatula cholumikizira cha JTAG. Kulumikizana ndi logic analyzer kunali kovuta komanso kovutirapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri kunalibe ma LED kapena zowonera. Pachifukwa ichi, lingaliro lopanga bolodi langa lowongolera lidawonekera m'mutu mwanga.
Kumbali imodzi, panali zida zogulitsira malonda pamsika, komanso matabwa odabwitsa ochokera ku kampani ya LDM-Systems ku Zelenograd. Kumbali inayi, mitengo yazinthu izi ndi yodabwitsa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito opanda makhadi okulitsa samakwaniritsa zomwe amayembekeza. Bolodi yokhala ndi chowongolera chogulitsidwa ndi cholumikizira pini ilibe chidwi kwa ine. Ndipo matabwa osangalatsa kwambiri ndi okwera mtengo.
Bungwe lachitukuko MILANDR LDM-HELPER-K1986BE1QI-FULL, © LDM Systems
Kampani ya Milander ili ndi ndondomeko yapadera yamitengo ndi malonda. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kupeza zitsanzo zaulere za ma microcircuits ena, koma izi zimangopezeka kwa mabungwe azovomerezeka ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi kufunafuna kwaufulu. Kawirikawiri, ma microcircuits muzitsulo zachitsulo-ceramic ndi golide m'lingaliro lenileni komanso lophiphiritsira. Mwachitsanzo, wowongolera wa 1986BE1T amawononga ma ruble 14 mpaka 24 ku Moscow. Chipangizo cha 1645RU6U static memory chip chimawononga ma ruble 15000. Ndipo iyi ndiye dongosolo lamitengo yazogulitsa zonse. Zotsatira zake, ngakhale mabungwe apadera ofufuza omwe ali ndi malamulo aboma amasunga ndalama ndikupewa mitengo yotere. Ma Microcircuit mu pulasitiki kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito wamba ndiotsika mtengo kwambiri, koma sapezeka kwa ogulitsa otchuka. Kuonjezera apo, ubwino wa microcircuits mu pulasitiki, zikuwoneka kwa ine, ndi woipa kuposa "golide". Mwachitsanzo, sindinathe kuyendetsa chowongolera cha K1986BE1QI pa 128 MHz popanda kuwonjezera mawonekedwe a latency. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kutentha kwa wolamulira uyu kunakwera kufika 40-50C. Koma wowongolera wa 1986BE1T ("golide") adayamba pa 128 MHz popanda zoikamo zowonjezera ndipo adakhalabe ozizira. Iye ndi wabwino kwenikweni.
"Golden" microcontroller 1986BE1T, (c) Milannder
Ndinali ndi mwayi kuti microcontroller mu pulasitiki ikhoza kugulidwabe pa malonda kuchokera ku LDM Systems, ndipo zojambula zonse za board zimapezeka kwaulere. Choyipa ndichakuti pa tsamba la webusayiti pa chithunzi cha wowongolera mutha kuwona chizindikiro chomwe chimati iyi ndikusintha kwa 4 kwa 2014, i.e. ndi zilema. Ndinaganiza kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ndigule kapena kusagula. Zaka zingapo zidadutsa chonchi...
Lingaliro lopanga bolodi lowongolera silinazimiririke paliponse. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndinapanga zofunikira zonse ndikuganiza za momwe ndingaziyikire zonse pa bolodi limodzi kuti zikhale zochepa komanso zosakwera mtengo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndinaitanitsa zigawo zomwe zikusowa kuchokera ku Chinese. Sindinafulumire - ndinadzichitira ndekha zonse. Otsatsa aku China amadziwika kuti ndi osasamala - ndimayenera kuyitanitsa zomwezo kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana kuti ndipeze chilichonse chomwe ndimafuna. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zina zokumbukira zidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito - zikuwoneka kuti zidagulitsidwa kuchokera ku zida zosweka. Izi zinandibwereranso pambuyo pake.
Kugula microcontroller Milander K1986BE1QI (mpweya) si ntchito yophweka. Mu sitolo yomweyo ya Chip ndi Dip, mu gawo la "Items to order", ndinapeza K1986BE92QI yokha ya 740 rubles, koma sizinandigwirizane ndi ine. Njira yokhayo ndikugula kukonzanso kosasintha kuchokera ku LDM-Systems kwa ma ruble 2000. Popeza sindinapeze woloŵa m’malo kwina kulikonse, ndinaganiza zogula zimene ndinali nazo. Chondidabwitsa, adandigulitsira chowongolera chatsopano chopangidwa mu Disembala 2018, revision 6+ (1820). Koma malowa akadali ndi chithunzi chakale, ndipo pa nthawi yolemba wolamulira palibe ...
Microcontroller K1986BE1QI (ndege) muzopaka zaukadaulo, (c) Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi wolemba
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zaukadaulo wa bolodi langa lowongolera MDB1986 otsatirawa:
- wokonza-programmer womangidwa, wogwirizana ndi J-Link ndi CMSIS-DAP;
- static memory 4Mbit (256k x 16, 10 ns);
- flash memory chip 64Mbit, Winbond 25Q64FVSIG;
- RS-232 mawonekedwe transceiver ndi RTS ndi CTS mizere;
- zolumikizira ndi zolumikizira za Efaneti, USB, CAN;
- MAX7 7221-gawo chiwonetsero chowongolera;
- cholumikizira cha pini chogwirira ntchito ndi MKIO (MIL_STD_1553) ndi ARINC429;
- phototransistor Everlight PT17-21C;
- ma LED amitundu asanu, batani lokhazikitsiranso ndi mabatani awiri ogwiritsa ntchito;
- magetsi ku doko la USB ndi 5 volts;
- kusindikizidwa dera bolodi miyeso 100 x 80, mm
Ndinkakonda ma board a STM-Discovery chifukwa ali ndi pulogalamu yosinthira - ST-Link. Chizindikiro cha ST-Link chimangogwira ntchito ndi olamulira ochokera ku STMicroelectronics, koma zaka zingapo zapitazo zinakhala zotheka kusintha firmware mu ST-Link ndikupeza SEGGER J-Link OB (pa bolodi) Debugger. Mwalamulo, pali choletsa kugwiritsa ntchito debugger yotere ndi matabwa a STMicroelectronics, koma kwenikweni kuthekera sikuli kochepa. Chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi J-Link OB, mutha kukhala ndi pulogalamu yosinthira-debugger pa bolodi lowongolera. Ndikuwona kuti zinthu za LDM-Systems zimagwiritsa ntchito chosinthira cha CP2102 (Usb2Uart), chomwe chimangowunikira.
STM32F103C8T6 microcontrollers, zenizeni osati zenizeni, (c) Chithunzi ndi wolemba
Chifukwa chake, kunali koyenera kugula STM32F103C8T6 yoyambirira, popeza fimuweya ya eni sizingagwire ntchito moyenera ndi clone. Ndidakayikira lingaliro ili ndipo ndinaganiza zoyesa wowongolera CS32F103C8T6 kuchokera ku kampani yaku China CKS. Ndilibe zodandaula za wolamulirayo, koma mwiniwake wa ST-Link firmware sanagwire ntchito mmenemo. J-Link inagwira ntchito pang'ono - chipangizo cha USB chinapezeka, koma wojambulayo sanachite ntchito zake ndipo amakumbutsa nthawi zonse kuti "ndicholakwika".
Cholakwika pakuyendetsa chowongolera pa wowongolera omwe si woyambirira
Sindinakhutitsidwe ndi izi ndipo ndinalemba kaye pulogalamu yowunikira ya LED, kenako ndikuyika pempho la IDCODE pogwiritsa ntchito protocol ya JTAG. Pulogalamu ya ST-Link, yomwe ndinali nayo pa bolodi la Discovery, ndi pulogalamu ya ST-Link Utility inawunikira CS32F103C8T6 popanda vuto lililonse. Chondisangalatsa, wowongolera chandamale K1986BE1QI (ndege) adatulutsa IDCODE yake mokondwera kudzera pamzere wa TDO.
Oscillogram ya mzere wa siginecha wa TDO wokhala ndi mayankho osungidwa a IDCODE, (c) Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi wolemba
Chifukwa chake doko la SWD lidakhala lothandiza pakuchotsa debugger palokha ndikuwunika IDCODE
Panali njira yokhala ndi debugger . Kupanga pulojekiti kuchokera ku magwero a ARM si ntchito yophweka, ndinatenga pulojekitiyi , kenako ndinayesa DAP42. Tsoka ilo, Keil uVision adazizira ndipo sanafune kugwira nawo ntchito. Zotsatira zake, ndinasintha chip debugger ndi STM32F103C8T6 ndipo sindinabwererenso ku nkhaniyi.
Kuchita bwino kwa debugger yomangidwa mkati J-Link STLink V2
Pamene zigawo zonse zazikulu za gulu lachitukuko zamtsogolo zidapezeka, ndinapita ku Eagle CAD ndikupeza kuti sizinali mu laibulale yazinthu. Kunalibe kopita - ndinayenera kuzijambula ndekha. Nthawi yomweyo, ndinapanga malo osungira kukumbukira, cholumikizira cha HanRun cha Ethernet, ndikuwonjezera mafelemu a resistors ndi capacitor. Fayilo ya polojekiti ndi laibulale yagawo ingapezeke .
Chithunzi cha bolodi lachitukuko la MDB1986
Bolodi imayendetsedwa ndi gwero la 5 volt DC lomwe limapezeka padoko la USB. Pali ma doko awiri a USB Type-B pa bolodi. Imodzi ndi ya wopanga mapulogalamu, yachiwiri ndi yowongolera K1986BE1QI. Bungwe likhoza kugwira ntchito kuchokera kuzinthu izi kapena zonse ziwiri panthawi imodzi. Kuwongolera kosavuta kwambiri komanso chitetezo chamagetsi kumayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma Schottky diode, mudera D2 ndi D3 (SS24). Komanso pachithunzichi mutha kuwona ma fuse odzibwezeretsa okha F1 ndi F2 pa 500 mA. Mizere yolowera padoko la USB imatetezedwa ndi msonkhano wa diode wa USBLC6-2SC6.
Dera la ST-Link debugger-programmer limadziwika ndi ambiri; limapezeka muzolemba za STM32-Discovery board ndi zina. Kwa firmware yoyamba ya ST-Link/J-Link-OB/DAP clone (posankha), ndinatulutsa mizere SWDIO (PA13), SWCLK (PA14), GND. Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito UART kwa firmware ndipo amakakamizika kukoka ma jumper a BOOT. Koma ndimaona kuti SWD ndiyosavuta, ndipo protocol iyi imalola kusokoneza.
Pafupifupi zigawo zonse za bolodi zimayendetsedwa ndi 3.3 volts, zomwe zimachokera ku AMS1117-3.3 voltage regulator. Pofuna kupondereza kusokonezedwa kwa ma elekitiroma ndi ma surges apano, zosefera za LC kuchokera ku ma capacitor ndi kutsamwitsa kwa mndandanda wa BLM31PG amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchula dalaivala wagawo la MAX7 7221. Malinga ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, magetsi omwe akulimbikitsidwa amachokera ku 4 mpaka 5.5 volts, ndipo mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri (womveka bwino) ndi osachepera 3.5V (0.7 x VCC), wokhala ndi 5V. Kwa wowongolera wa K1986BE1QI (aviation), kutulutsa kwagawo lomveka kumafanana ndi voteji kuchokera ku 2.8 mpaka 3.3V. Mwachiwonekere pali kusagwirizana pakati pa milingo yazizindikiro yomwe ingasokoneze ntchito yabwinobwino. Ndinaganiza zopatsa mphamvu MAX7221 pa 4V ndikuchepetsa ma siginecha kukhala 2.8V (0.7 x 4 = 2.8). Kuti muchite izi, diode D4 (RS1A kapena FR103) imayikidwa mndandanda ndi dera lamagetsi oyendetsa. Kutsika kwamagetsi onse ndi 0.9V (Schottky diode 0.3V ndi diode 0.6V), ndipo zonse zimagwira ntchito.
Madoko ambiri a K1986BE1QI (aviation) microcontroller amagwirizana ndi ma sigino mpaka 5V. Choncho, palibe vuto kugwiritsa ntchito transceiver ya MCP2551 CAN, yomwe imagwiranso ntchito pa 5V. Chip cha MAX232 chikuwonetsedwa ngati RS-3232 transceiver pachithunzichi, koma kwenikweni ndidagwiritsa ntchito SN65C3232D kuchokera ku Texas Instruments, chifukwa imagwira ntchito kuchokera ku 3.3V ndipo imapereka liwiro mpaka 1Mbit / s.
The bolodi lili 4 quartz resonators - mmodzi kwa debugger (8 MHz) ndi atatu chandamale microcontroller K1986BE1QI (ndege) ndi mlingo wa 32.768 kHz, 16 MHz, 25 MHz. Izi ndi zigawo zofunika, chifukwa Magawo a RC oscillator omangidwa ali mkati mosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 6 mpaka 10 MHz. Mafupipafupi a 25 MHz amafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito chowongolera cha Efaneti. Pazifukwa zina, webusaiti ya Milandra (mwinamwake molakwika) imati pulasitiki ilibe Ethernet. Koma tidzadalira mwatsatanetsatane ndi mfundo.
Chilimbikitso chofunikira chopanga gulu langa lachitukuko chinali mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi mabasi akunja a EBC (woyang'anira mabasi akunja), omwe ali doko lofananira. K1986BE1QI microcontroller (ndege) imakulolani kuti mulumikizane ndikugwira ntchito ndi tchipisi tokumbukira zakunja ndi zida zotumphukira, mwachitsanzo, ADCs, FPGAs, etc. Mphamvu zamabasi akunja ndizokulirapo - mutha kugwira ntchito ndi 8-bit, 16-bit ndi 32-bit static RAM, ROM ndi NAND Flash. Kuti muwerenge / kulemba data ya 32-bit, wowongolera amatha kuchita ma tchipisi awiri ofanana ndi tchipisi 2-bit, ndi ma 16 ma tchipisi a 8-bit. Mwachiwonekere, ntchito ya 4-bit I/O idzamalizidwa mofulumira kwambiri ndi 32-bit data basi. Zoyipa zake zikuphatikiza kufunikira kwa pulogalamuyo kugwira ntchito ndi data ya 32-bit, ndipo bolodi iyenera kuyala mayendedwe 32.
Ma tchipisi a RAM osasunthika, ogwiritsidwa ntchito (ganizirani omwe ali ndi vuto)
Njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito 16-bit memory chips. Ndinapezeka kuti ndili ndi tchipisi ta Integrated Silicon Solutions Inc. (ISSI IS61LV25616AL, 16 x 256k, 10 ns, 3.3V). Zachidziwikire, kampani ya Milander ili ndi tchipisi take tomwe timakumbukira , koma ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo palibe. Monga njira ina, pali pini yogwirizana ndi Samsung K6R4016V1D. M'mbuyomu ndidanenapo kuti ma microcircuits adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo kopi yomwe ndidayika idapereka zolephera komanso zosokoneza pamzere wa 15. Zinanditengera masiku angapo kuti ndipeze zolakwika za hardware, komanso kukhutitsidwa kwakukulu pamene ndinasintha chip chowonongeka ndikugwira ntchito. Zikhale momwe zingakhalire, kuthamanga kwa ntchito ndi kukumbukira kwakunja kumasiya zambiri.
Mabasi akunja ndi StandAlone modeK1986BE1QI microcontroller (ndege) ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a StandAlone, omwe amapangidwa kuti azitha kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi olamulira a Ethernet ndi MKIO (MIL_STD_1553) kudzera pa basi yakunja, yomwe ili pachimake pakubwezeretsanso, i.e. osagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa mapurosesa ndi ma FPGA omwe alibe Efaneti ndi/kapena MKIO.
Chithunzi cholumikizira chili motere:
- data basi MCU(D0-D15) => SRAM(I/O0-I/O15),
- adilesi basi MCU(A1-A18) => SRAM(A0-A17),
- control MCU(nWR,nRD,PortC2) => SRAM (WE,OE,CE),
- SRAM(UB,LB) amalumikizidwa kapena kukokedwa pansi kudzera pa chopinga.
Mzere wa CE umalumikizidwa ndi magetsi kudzera pa chopinga; zikhomo zoyeserera za MCU byte (BE0-BE3) sizigwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansi pa wowononga, ndimapereka code yoyambitsa madoko ndi wowongolera mabasi akunja.
Kuyambitsa madoko ndi wowongolera wa EBC (wowongolera mabasi akunja)
void SRAM_Init (void)
{
EBC_InitTypeDef EBC_InitStruct = { 0 };
EBC_MemRegionInitTypeDef EBC_MemRegionInitStruct = { 0 };
PORT_InitTypeDef initStruct = { 0 };
RST_CLK_PCLKcmd (RST_CLK_PCLK_EBC, ENABLE);
PORT_StructInit (&initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// DATA PA0..PA15 (D0..D15) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_MODE = PORT_MODE_DIGITAL;
initStruct.PORT_PD_SHM = PORT_PD_SHM_ON;
initStruct.PORT_SPEED = PORT_SPEED_FAST;
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_MAIN;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_All;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTA, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PF3-PF15 (A0..A12), A0 - not used. //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_ALTER;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_4 | PORT_Pin_5 |
PORT_Pin_6 | PORT_Pin_7 |
PORT_Pin_8 | PORT_Pin_9 |
PORT_Pin_10 | PORT_Pin_11 |
PORT_Pin_12 | PORT_Pin_13 |
PORT_Pin_14 | PORT_Pin_15;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTF, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PD3..PD0 (A13..A16) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_OVERRID;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_0 | PORT_Pin_1 |
PORT_Pin_2 | PORT_Pin_3;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTD, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PE3, PE4 (A17, A18) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_ALTER;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_3 | PORT_Pin_4;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTE, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Control PC0,PC1 (nWE,nOE) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_MAIN;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_0 | PORT_Pin_1;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTC, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Control PC2 (nCE) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_PD = PORT_PD_DRIVER;
initStruct.PORT_OE = PORT_OE_OUT;
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_PORT;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = MDB_SRAM_CE;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTC, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Initialize EBC controler //
//--------------------------------------------//
EBC_DeInit();
EBC_StructInit(&EBC_InitStruct);
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_Mode = EBC_MODE_RAM;
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_WaitState = EBC_WAIT_STATE_3HCLK;
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_DataAlignment = EBC_EBC_DATA_ALIGNMENT_16;
EBC_Init(&EBC_InitStruct);
EBC_MemRegionStructInit(&EBC_MemRegionInitStruct);
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Active = 2;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Setup = EBC_WS_SETUP_CYCLE_1HCLK;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Hold = EBC_WS_HOLD_CYCLE_1HCLK;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.Enable_Tune = ENABLE;
EBC_MemRegionInit (&EBC_MemRegionInitStruct, EBC_MEM_REGION_60000000);
EBC_MemRegionCMD(EBC_MEM_REGION_60000000, ENABLE);
// Turn ON RAM (nCE)
PORT_ResetBits (MDR_PORTC, MDB_SRAM_CE);
}
The microcontroller mu phukusi la LQFP-144 ndi kukumbukira mu phukusi la TSOP-44 ali ndi zikhomo zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndipo zimatenga malo ambiri pa bolodi losindikizidwa. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso pakuthana ndi mavuto azachuma, zinali zoonekeratu kwa ine kuti kunali kofunikira kuyika ma microcircuits awa pa bolodi poyamba. M'magwero osiyanasiyana ndakumana ndi ndemanga zoyamikira za . Ndidatsitsa pulogalamu yoyeserera ndipo ndidatha kutumiza pulojekiti yanga kuchokera ku Eagle CAD pamenepo nditachotsa pafupifupi zigawo zonse. Tsoka ilo, pulogalamu ya TopoR sinandithandize kuyika zinthu 10 pa bolodi. Choyamba, zigawo zonse zinayikidwa pakona, kenako zimakonzedwa m'mphepete. Sindinakhutire ndi njirayi, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali ndidatsata bolodilo pamanja m'malo odziwika bwino a Eagle CAD.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa bolodi losindikizidwa ndi kusindikiza kwa silika. Bungwe lachitukuko liyenera kukhala ndi zilembo zamagulu amagetsi, koma zolumikizira zonse ziyeneranso kulembedwa. Kumbuyo kwa bolodi ndidayika matebulo okhala ndi ntchito zamadoko owongolera (zachikulu, zina, zolembedwa, zenizeni). Ndinalamula kupangidwa kwa matabwa osindikizira ku China kuchokera ku ofesi yodziwika bwino ya PCBWay. Sindingayamikire chifukwa mtundu wake ndi wabwino. Iwo akhoza kuchita bwino, ndi kulolerana zolimba, koma .
Zopangidwa ndi MDB1986 matabwa osindikizidwa, (c) Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi wolemba
Ndinayenera kugulitsa zigawozo "pa mawondo anga" ndi chitsulo cha 40-watt soldering ndi POS-61 solder, chifukwa nthawi zambiri sindimagulitsa, 1-2 pachaka, ndipo phala la soldering linali litauma. Ndinayeneranso kusintha chowongolera cha China CS32F103 kukhala STM32F103 yoyambirira, ndikulowetsanso kukumbukira. Kawirikawiri, tsopano ndakhutira kwathunthu ndi zotsatira zake, ngakhale kuti sindinayang'anebe ntchito ya RS-232 ndi CAN.
MDB1986 debug board ikugwira ntchito - imawala ndikutentha, (c) Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi wolemba
Pa webusaiti ya Milandra mungapeze zokwanira mndandanda 1986BE9 (Cortex-M3 pachimake), koma kwa K1986BE1QI (aviation) microcontroller sindikuwona kalikonse pamenepo. Nditayang'ana pa zipangizo, mabuku ndi ntchito za labotale za mayunivesite omwe amafalitsidwa kumeneko, ndine wokondwa kuti ogwira ntchito akuphunzitsidwa m'dziko lonselo kuti azigwira ntchito ndi olamulira a ku Russia. Zida zambiri zophunzitsira zimakonzekera kugwira ntchito ndi madoko a I / O, zowerengera nthawi, ADC, DAC, SPI, UART. Madera osiyanasiyana otukula a IDE amagwiritsidwa ntchito (Keil, IAR, CodeMaster). Kwinakwake amagwiritsa ntchito zolembera za CMSIS, ndipo kwinakwake amagwiritsa ntchito MDR Library. Zothandizira ziyenera kutchulidwa , yomwe ili ndi zolemba zambiri zochokera kwa akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu. Ndipo, ndithudi, sitiyenera kuiwala za .
Ndinaganiza za MilandraMicroelectronics ikukula ku Russia, ndipo kampani ya Milander ili ndi gawo lalikulu pakuchita izi. Ma microcontrollers atsopano osangalatsa akuwonekera, mwachitsanzo, 1986BE81T ndi Elektrosila yokhala ndi SpaceWire ndi MKIO interfaces (mofanana ndi 1986BE1 ndipo, mwinamwake, ndi mavuto omwewo), ndi zina zotero. Koma ophunzira wamba, aphunzitsi ndi mainjiniya wamba sangathe kugula ma microcircuits ngati amenewa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu laumisiri silingathe kuzindikira mwachangu zolakwika ndi zovuta ndi chip ichi. Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti choyamba ndikofunika kupanga ma microcircuits mu pulasitiki, kuwagawira kwa onse omwe ali ndi chidwi, ndipo pambuyo povomerezeka (Latin approbatio - approval, recognition) ndi akatswiri, akhoza kukonzekera kukonzanso muzitsulo zachitsulo-ceramic ndi. chitetezo ku zinthu zonse zoopsa. Ndikuyembekeza posachedwa ONSE tidzakondwera ndi ntchito zatsopano zomwe zalengezedwa paziwonetsero.
Gulu lowongolera lomwe ndidapanga litha kubwerezedwa, kusinthidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aliyense pamaphunziro. Choyamba, ndinadzipangira ndekha bolodi, koma zidakhala bwino kwambiri .
K1986BE1QI (mpweya) ndi chowongolera chosangalatsa kwambiri chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mayunivesite kuphunzitsa ophunzira. Ndikuganiza kuti nditakonza zolakwika zomwe zazindikirika mu owongolera ndikupambana mayeso a certification, wowongolera adzawuluka m'lingaliro lenileni la mawuwo!
Source: www.habr.com