Kutulutsidwa kwa Fedora 34 Linux

Kutulutsidwa kwa kugawa kwa Linux Fedora 34 kwaperekedwa. Zogulitsa Fedora Workstation, Fedora Server, CoreOS, Fedora IoT Edition, komanso seti ya "spins" yokhala ndi Live build of desktop desktop KDE Plasma 5, Xfce, i3, MATE , Cinnamon, LXDE zakonzedwa kuti zitsitsidwe.ndi LXQt. Misonkhano imapangidwira zomangamanga za x86_64, Power64, ARM64 (AArch64) ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi 32-bit ARM processors. Kusindikizidwa kwa Fedora Silverblue builds kwachedwa.

Zowoneka bwino kwambiri mu Fedora 34 ndi:

• Mitsinje yonse yomvera yasunthidwa ku seva yapa media ya PipeWire, yomwe tsopano ndiyosakhazikika m'malo mwa PulseAudio ndi JACK. Kugwiritsa ntchito PipeWire kumakupatsani mwayi wopereka luso laukadaulo wamawu mumtundu wanthawi zonse wapakompyuta, chotsani kugawikana ndikugwirizanitsa zida zamawu pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

  M'mabuku am'mbuyomu, Fedora Workstation idagwiritsa ntchito njira yakumbuyo yotchedwa PulseAudio kukonza zomvera, ndipo mapulogalamu adagwiritsa ntchito laibulale yamakasitomala kuti agwirizane ndi njirayi, kusakaniza ndi kuyang'anira mitsinje yomvera. Pakukonza zomvetsera mwaukadaulo, seva ya JACK yomveka komanso laibulale yamakasitomala yolumikizidwa idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuonetsetsa kuti zimagwirizana, m'malo mwa malaibulale okhudzana ndi PulseAudio ndi JACK, wosanjikiza wothamanga kudzera pa PipeWire wawonjezedwa, zomwe zimakulolani kusunga ntchito ya makasitomala onse a PulseAudio ndi JACK omwe alipo, komanso mapulogalamu omwe amaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a Flatpak. Kwamakasitomala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ALSA API yotsika, pulogalamu yowonjezera ya ALSA imayikidwa yomwe imayendetsa ma audio ku PipeWire.

• Zomanga ndi KDE desktop zasinthidwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito Wayland mwachisawawa. Gawo la X11 lasinthidwa kuti lisankhe. Zimadziwika kuti kutulutsidwa kwa KDE Plasma 34 yoperekedwa ndi Fedora 5.20 kwabweretsedwa pafupifupi kufananirana ndi magwiridwe antchito pamwamba pa X11, kuphatikiza zovuta zowonera ndi kuyika batani lapakati. Kuti mugwire ntchito mukamagwiritsa ntchito madalaivala a NVIDIA, phukusi la kwin-wayland-nvidia limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kugwirizana ndi mapulogalamu a X11 kumatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la XWayland.
• Thandizo labwino la Wayland. Anawonjezera kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito gawo la XWayland pamakina omwe ali ndi madalaivala a NVIDIA. M'malo a Wayland-based, chithandizo chogwirira ntchito mopanda mitu chimakhazikitsidwa, chomwe chimakulolani kuyendetsa zigawo zapakompyuta pamakina akutali a seva ndi mwayi wopita ku VNC kapena RDP.
• Desktop ya Fedora Workstation yasinthidwa kukhala GNOME 40 ndi GTK 4. Mu GNOME 40, Activities Overview pafupifupi desktops zasunthidwa ku malo ozungulira ndipo zimawonetsedwa mu unyolo wozungulira mosalekeza kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. Desktop iliyonse yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Overview mode imayang'ana zomwe zilipo windows ndi mapoto osinthika ndi makulitsidwe pomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amalumikizana. Kusintha kosasinthika kumaperekedwa pakati pa mndandanda wa mapulogalamu ndi ma desktops enieni. Kukonzekera bwino kwa ntchito pamene pali owunika angapo. Mapangidwe a mapulogalamu ambiri akhala amakono. GNOME Shell imathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito GPU popereka shaders.
• Mabaibulo onse a Fedora adasunthidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito makina a systemd-oomd poyankha koyambirira kuzinthu zochepa zamakumbukidwe pamakina, m'malo mwa njira yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Systemd-oomd idakhazikitsidwa ndi PSI (Pressure Stall Information) kernel subsystem, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wosanthula zambiri zapanthawi yodikirira kuti mupeze zinthu zosiyanasiyana (CPU, memory, I/O) kuti muwunike molondola kuchuluka kwa dongosolo. ndi chikhalidwe cha kuchepa. PSI imapangitsa kuzindikira kuyambika kwa kuchedwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwazinthu ndikusankha kuthetseratu njira zogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pa nthawi yomwe dongosolo silinakhale lovuta kwambiri ndipo silinayambe kuchepetsa kwambiri cache ndikukankhira deta mukusinthana. kugawa.
• Dongosolo lamafayilo a Btrfs, lomwe kuyambira pomwe linatulutsidwa komaliza lakhala losasinthika pazakudya zapakompyuta za Fedora (Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE, ndi zina zotero), limaphatikizanso kuphatikizika kwa data pogwiritsa ntchito algorithm ya ZSTD. Kuphatikizika ndikokhazikika kwa kukhazikitsa kwatsopano kwa Fedora 34. Ogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe omwe alipo amatha kupangitsa kupanikizika powonjezera "compress=zstd:1" mbendera ku /etc/fstab ndikuyendetsa "sudo btrfs filesystem defrag -czstd -rv //home/" compress zomwe zilipo kale. Kuti muyese kupanikizika kwapamwamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha "compsize". Zimadziwika kuti kusunga deta mu mawonekedwe oponderezedwa sikumangopulumutsa malo a disk, komanso kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki wa ma drive a SSD pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolembera, komanso kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba mafayilo akuluakulu, oponderezedwa bwino pamagalimoto oyenda pang'onopang'ono. .
• Zosintha zovomerezeka zagawidwe zimaphatikizanso mtundu womwe uli ndi i3 zenera woyang'anira, womwe umapereka mawonekedwe azenera pa desktop.
• Kupanga zithunzi ndi KDE desktop kwa machitidwe ozikidwa pa AArch64 zomangamanga kwayamba, kuphatikiza pamisonkhano yokhala ndi GNOME ndi Xfce desktops, ndi zithunzi zama seva.
• Chithunzi chatsopano cha Comp Neuro Container chawonjezedwa, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kusankha kwa ma modelling ndi kayeseleledwe kothandiza pa kafukufuku wa neuroscience.
• Kusindikiza kwa intaneti ya Zinthu (Fedora IoT), yomwe imapereka malo osungirako zinthu zocheperako, zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi atomiki posintha chithunzi cha dongosolo lonse, ndipo ntchito zimasiyanitsidwa ndi dongosolo lalikulu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zakutali. (podman imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira), chithandizo cha ma ARM board awonjezedwa Pine64, RockPro64 ndi Jetson Xavier NX, komanso kuthandizira bwino kwa ma board a i.MX8 SoC monga 96boards Thor96 ndi Solid Run HummingBoard-M. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirira kulephera kwa hardware (woyang'anira) pakubwezeretsa dongosolo lokha kumaperekedwa.
• Kupanga mapaketi osiyana okhala ndi malaibulale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pama projekiti ozikidwa pa Node.js kwathetsedwa. M'malo mwake, Node.js imaperekedwa ndi phukusi lokhalo lokhala ndi womasulira, mafayilo amutu, malaibulale oyambirira, ma module a binary, ndi zida zoyendetsera phukusi (NPM, ulusi). Mapulogalamu otumizidwa m'malo osungiramo Fedora omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Node.js amaloledwa kuyika zodalira zonse zomwe zilipo mu phukusi limodzi, popanda kugawa kapena kulekanitsa malaibulale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maphukusi osiyana. Kuyika malaibulale kumakupatsani mwayi wochotsa zochulukirapo zamaphukusi ang'onoang'ono, kumathandizira kukonza maphukusi (poyamba, wosamalira amathera nthawi yochulukirapo ndikuwunika mazana a phukusi ndi malaibulale kuposa pa phukusi lalikulu ndi pulogalamuyo), adzachotsa maziko a mikangano ya laibulale ndipo athetsa mavuto omwe amamangiriza mitundu ya laibulale (osamalira amaphatikizanso mitundu yotsimikizika ndi yoyesedwa mu phukusi).
• Injini ya FreeType font yasinthidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito injini ya HarfBuzz glyph. Kugwiritsa ntchito HarfBuzz mu FreeType kwathandizira kuwongolera bwino (kufewetsa mawonekedwe a glyph panthawi ya rasterization kuti amveke bwino pazithunzi zotsika) powonetsa zolemba m'zilankhulo zokhala ndi zolemba zovuta, momwe ma glyph amatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku zingapo. zilembo. Makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito HarfBuzz kumakupatsani mwayi wochotsa vuto la kunyalanyaza ma ligature omwe mulibe zilembo za Unicode polemba.
• Kutha kuletsa SELinux pamene ikuyenda kwachotsedwa - kuyimitsa mwa kusintha /etc/selinux/config settings (SELINUX=disabled) sikuthandizidwanso. SELinux itakhazikitsidwa, othandizira a LSM tsopano akhazikitsidwa kuti azingowerenga zokha, zomwe zimateteza chitetezo ku ziwopsezo zomwe zimayesa kuletsa SELinux pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito zofooka zomwe zimalola zomwe zili mu kernel memory kusinthidwa. Kuti mulepheretse SELinux, mutha kuyambitsanso dongosolo podutsa "selinux = 0" parameter pamzere wa kernel command. Kutha kusintha pakati pa "kukakamiza" ndi "zololera" panthawi ya boot kumasungidwa.
• Chigawo cha Xwayland DDX, chomwe chimayendetsa X.Org Server kuti chikonzekere kuchitidwa kwa X11 m'malo ozikidwa pa Wayland, chasunthidwa kupita ku phukusi lapadera, losonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pamakina atsopano omwe sadalira kutulutsidwa kokhazikika kwa X. Seva ya Org.
• Yathandizira kuyambitsanso ntchito zonse zosinthidwa nthawi imodzi mukamaliza ntchito mu RPM package manager. Pomwe m'mbuyomu ntchitoyo idayambikanso nthawi yomweyo mutangokonzanso phukusi lililonse lomwe limadutsana nalo, tsopano mzere umapangidwa ndipo ntchito zimayambiranso kumapeto kwa gawo la RPM, pambuyo pake maphukusi onse ndi malaibulale asinthidwa.
• Zithunzi zama board a ARMv7 (armhfp) zasinthidwa kukhala UEFI mwachisawawa.
• Kukula kwa chipangizo chosinthira chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi injini ya zRAM kumakulitsidwa kuchokera kotala mpaka theka la kukula kwa kukumbukira kwakuthupi, komanso kumangokhala malire a 8 GB. Kusinthaku kumakupatsani mwayi woyendetsa bwino pulogalamu ya Anaconda pamakina okhala ndi RAM pang'ono.
• Kutumizidwa kwa mapaketi a crate a chilankhulo cha dzimbiri munthambi yokhazikika kwatsimikiziridwa. Phukusi limaperekedwa ndi choyambirira "dzimbiri-".
• Kuti muchepetse kukula kwa zithunzi za ISO, SquashFS yoyera imaperekedwa, popanda wosanjikiza wa EXT4, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zakale.
• Mafayilo osintha a GRUB bootloader adalumikizidwa pazomanga zonse zothandizidwa, mosasamala kanthu za thandizo la EFI.
• Kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito malo a disk, kukanikiza kwa mafayilo okhala ndi firmware yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Linux kernel kumaperekedwa (kuyambira pa kernel 5.3, kutsitsa firmware kuchokera ku xz archives kumathandizidwa). Ikatulutsidwa, firmware yonse imatenga pafupifupi 900 MB, ndipo ikapanikizika, kukula kwake kudachepetsedwa ndi theka.
• Phukusi la ntp (seva yolumikizira nthawi yeniyeni) yasinthidwa ndi foloko ya ntpsec.
• Ma xemacs, xemacs-packages-base, xemacs-packages-extra ndi neXtaw, omwe chitukuko chake chayima kwa nthawi yayitali, zanenedwa kuti ndi zachikale. Phukusi la nscd latsitsidwa - systemd-resolved tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungitsa nkhokwe, ndipo sssd itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusungitsa ntchito zotchulidwa.
• Zosonkhanitsira za xorg-x11-* za X11 zothandizira zathetsedwa; chilichonse chogwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano chikuperekedwa mu phukusi lapadera.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito dzina la master m'malo osungiramo git kwayimitsidwa, popeza mawuwa adawonedwa posachedwa kuti ndi olakwika pazandale. Dzina losasinthika la nthambi mu git repositories tsopano ndi "main", ndipo m'malo okhala ndi mapaketi monga src.fedoraproject.org/rpms nthambi ndi "rawhide".
• Zosinthidwa phukusi, kuphatikizapo: GCC 11, LLVM/Clang 12, Glibc 2.33, Binutils 2.35, Golang 1.16, Ruby 3.0, Ruby on Rails 6.1, BIND 9.16, MariaDB 10.5, PostgreSQL 13. Kusinthidwa X0.16.0f4.16Qt.
• Chizindikiro chatsopano chayambitsidwa.

Nthawi yomweyo, nkhokwe za "zaulere" ndi "zopanda ufulu" za projekiti ya RPM Fusion zidakhazikitsidwa ku Fedora 34, momwe mapaketi okhala ndi ma multimedia owonjezera (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), ma codec amakanema, ma DVD, AMD ndi ena. Madalaivala a NVIDIA, mapulogalamu amasewera, emulators.

Source: opennet.ru