PostgreSQL 12 DBMS kutulutsidwa

Pambuyo pa chaka cha chitukuko losindikizidwa nthambi yatsopano yokhazikika ya DBMS ya PostgreSQL 12. Zosintha za nthambi yatsopano adzatuluka kwa zaka zisanu mpaka Novembala 2024.

waukulu zatsopano:

• Thandizo lowonjezera "mizati zopangidwa", mtengo wake umawerengeredwa kutengera mawu omwe amafotokoza zamizere ina patebulo lomwelo (lofanana ndi mawonedwe, koma pamizere iliyonse). Mizati yopangidwa ikhoza kukhala yamitundu iwiri - yosungidwa ndi yeniyeni. Pachiyambi choyamba, mtengowo umawerengedwa panthawi yomwe deta ikuwonjezeredwa kapena kusinthidwa, ndipo kachiwiri, mtengowo umawerengedwa pa kuwerenga kulikonse malinga ndi momwe zilili panopa pazitsulo zina. Pakadali pano, PostgreSQL imangogwirizira mizati yosungidwa;
• Adawonjezera kuthekera kofunsa zambiri kuchokera ku zolemba za JSON pogwiritsa ntchito Njira zowonetsera, kukumbukira XPath ndi kufotokozedwa mu SQL/JSON standard. Njira zolozera zomwe zilipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zithandizire kukonza bwino mawu otere a zolemba zosungidwa mumtundu wa JSONB;
• Zomwe zimayatsidwa mwachisawawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito compiler ya JIT (Just-in-Time) yotengera zomwe LLVM ikuchita kuti ifulumizitse kufotokozera mawu ena panthawi ya SQL. Mwachitsanzo, JIT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufulumizitsa kufotokozera mawu mkati mwa midadada ya WHERE, mindandanda yandandanda, mawu ophatikizika, ndi zina zamkati;
• Kuchita kwa indexing kwasinthidwa kwambiri. Ma index a mitengo ya B amakonzedwa kuti azigwira ntchito m'malo omwe ma index amasintha pafupipafupi - mayeso a TPC-C akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito komanso kuchepa kwapakati pakugwiritsa ntchito malo a disk 40%. Kuchepetsa pamwamba popanga kulemba-patsogolo (WAL) kwa mitundu ya index ya GiST, GIN ndi SP-GiST. Kwa GiST, kuthekera kopanga ma index a wrapper (kudzera mu mawu a INCLUDE) omwe akuphatikiza magawo owonjezera awonjezedwa. Mukugwira ntchito Pangani ZOKHULUPIRIRA Amapereka chithandizo cha ziwerengero za Most Common Value (MCV) kuti apange malingaliro abwino kwambiri a mafunso mukamagwiritsa ntchito mizati yogawidwa mosiyanasiyana;
• Kukhazikitsa magawo kumakonzedwanso pamafunso omwe amakhala ndi magawo masauzande ambiri, koma amangosankha kagawo kakang'ono ka data. Ntchito yowonjezeretsa deta ku matebulo ogawidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito za INSERT ndi COPY zawonjezeka, ndipo n'zothekanso kuwonjezera zigawo zatsopano kudzera mu "ALTER TABLE ATTACH PARTITION" popanda kuletsa kufunsidwa kwa mafunso;
• Thandizo lowonjezera pakukulitsa kwapaintaneti kwa mawu amtundu wamba (Common Table Expression, CTE) zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zosakhalitsa zotchulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mawu a WITH. Kutumiza kwapaintaneti kumatha kukonza magwiridwe antchito a mafunso ambiri, koma pakali pano kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma CTE osabwereza;
• Thandizo lowonjezera osatsimikiza katundu wa "Collation" komweko, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa malamulo osankhira ndi njira zofananira poganizira tanthauzo la zilembo (mwachitsanzo, posankha ma digito, kupezeka kwa minus ndi kadontho patsogolo pa nambala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. za kalembedwe zimaganiziridwa, ndipo poyerekezera, nkhani ya zilembo ndi kukhalapo kwa chizindikiro chomveka sichikuganiziridwa);
• Thandizo lowonjezera la kutsimikizika kwamakasitomala ambiri, momwe mu pg_hba.conf mutha kuphatikiza chitsimikiziro cha satifiketi ya SSL (clientcert=verify-full) ndi njira yowonjezera yotsimikizira monga scram-sha-256 kuti mutsimikizire;
• Thandizo lowonjezera pakubisa kwa njira yolumikizirana potsimikizira kudzera GSSAPI, onse kumbali ya kasitomala ndi mbali ya seva;
• Zowonjezera zothandizira kudziwa ma seva a LDAP kutengera zolemba za "DNS SRV" ngati PostgreSQL idamangidwa ndi OpenLDAP;
• Ntchito yowonjezera "REINDEX PAMODZI PAMODZI»kumanganso indexes popanda kuletsa kulemba ntchito index;
• Anawonjezera lamulo pg_checks, zomwe zimakulolani kuti muthe kapena kuletsa kufufuza ma checksums a masamba a data pa database yomwe ilipo (poyamba ntchitoyi inkathandizidwa pokhapokha poyambitsa database);
• Kupereka chiwonetsero chazomwe zikuyenda bwino pa ntchito CREATE INDEX, REINDEX, CLUSTER, VACUUM FULL ndi pg_checksums;
• Adawonjezera lamulo "PANGANI NJIRA YOPEZEKA»kulumikiza zogwirira ntchito zatsopano zosungira matebulo zokongoletsedwa ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Panopa njira yokhayo yopezera tebulo ndi "mulu";
• Fayilo yosinthira recovery.conf yaphatikizidwa ndi postgresql.conf. Monga zizindikiro za kusintha kwa chikhalidwe kuchira pambuyo kulephera, tsopano ayenera kukhala gwiritsani ntchito mafayilo a recovery.signal ndi standby.signal.

Source: opennet.ru