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Kutulutsidwa kwa kernel ya Linux 5.17

Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri yachitukuko, Linus Torvalds adapereka kutulutsidwa kwa Linux kernel 5.17. Zina mwa zosintha zodziwika bwino: dongosolo latsopano loyang'anira ma processor a AMD, kuthekera kosunga ma ID ogwiritsa ntchito pamafayilo, kuthandizira mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa a BPF, kusintha kwa jenereta ya pseudo-random manambala kupita ku algorithm ya BLAKE2s, ntchito ya RTLA. pakuwunika kwanthawi yeniyeni, fscache backend yatsopano yamakina a fayilo ya netiweki, kuthekera kophatikiza mayina kumachitidwe osadziwika a mmap.

Mtundu watsopanowu umaphatikizapo kukonza kwa 14203 kuchokera kwa opanga 1995, kukula kwa chigamba ndi 37 MB (zosintha zomwe zidakhudza mafayilo 11366, mizere ya 506043 yamakhodi idawonjezedwa, mizere 250954 idachotsedwa). Pafupifupi 44% ya zosintha zonse zomwe zidayambitsidwa mu 5.17 zimagwirizana ndi madalaivala a zida, pafupifupi 16% ya zosintha zimagwirizana ndikusintha kachidindo kamangidwe ka ma hardware, 15% ikugwirizana ndi stack network, 4% ikugwirizana ndi mafayilo amafayilo, ndi 4% zimagwirizana ndi ma kernel subsystems amkati.

Zatsopano zazikulu mu kernel 5.17:

  • Disk Subsystem, I/O ndi File Systems
    • Yakhazikitsa kuthekera kopanga mapu a ma ID a ogwiritsa ntchito pamafayilo okwera, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufananiza mafayilo a wogwiritsa ntchito wina pagawo lakunja lokhazikitsidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito wina pamakina apano. Chowonjezeracho chimakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mapu pamwamba pa mafayilo omwe mapu agwiritsidwa kale ntchito.
    • Fscache subsystem, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zosunga zobwezeretsera mumafayilo am'deralo a data yomwe imasamutsidwa kudzera pamafayilo a netiweki, yalembedwanso kwathunthu. Kukhazikitsa kwatsopano kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphweka kwakukulu kwa kachidindo ndikusinthanso ntchito zovuta zokonzekera ndikutsata zinthu ndi njira zosavuta. Kuthandizira kwa fscache yatsopano kumayendetsedwa mu fayilo ya CIFS.
    • Dongosolo laling'ono lolondolera zochitika mu fanotify FS limagwiritsa ntchito mtundu watsopano wa chochitika, FAN_RENAME, chomwe chimakulolani kuti musamagwire ntchito yosinthanso mafayilo kapena maulolezo (m'mbuyomu, zochitika ziwiri zosiyana FAN_MOVED_FROM ndi FAN_MOVED_TO zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kusinthanso).
    • Dongosolo lamafayilo a Btrfs lakwaniritsa ntchito zodula mitengo ndi fsync pamakanema akulu, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pokopera makiyi a index okha ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa metadata yolowera. Thandizo lolozera ndi kufufuza ndi kukula kwa zolemba zaulere zaperekedwa, zomwe zachepetsa latency pafupifupi 30% ndikuchepetsa nthawi yosaka. Amaloledwa kusokoneza ntchito za defragmentation. Kutha kuwonjezera zida pamene kusanja pakati pa ma drive kuli kolephereka, i.e. mukakhazikitsa fayilo ndi njira ya skip_balance.
    • Syntax yatsopano yoyika mafayilo a Ceph yaperekedwa, kuthetsa mavuto omwe alipo okhudzana ndi kumangirira ku ma adilesi a IP. Kuphatikiza pa ma adilesi a IP, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito cluster identifier (FSID) kuti muzindikire seva: mount -t ceph [imelo ndiotetezedwa]_name=/[subdir] mnt -o mon_addr=monip1[:port][/monip2[:port]]
    • Dongosolo la fayilo la Ext4 lasamukira ku API yatsopano yokhazikika yomwe imalekanitsa masitepe opangira ma mount ndi ma superblock. Tagwetsa kuthandizira pazosankha zaulesi ndi nolazytime mount, zomwe zidawonjezedwa ngati kusintha kwakanthawi kuti muchepetse kusintha kwa util-linux kugwiritsa ntchito mbendera ya MS_LAZYTIME. Thandizo lowonjezera pakukhazikitsa ndi kuwerenga zolemba mu FS (ioctl FS_IOC_GETFSLABEL ndi FS_IOC_SETFSLABEL).
    • NFSv4 idawonjezera chithandizo chogwirira ntchito pamafayilo osakhudzidwa ndi mafayilo amafayilo ndi mayina. NFSv4.1+ imawonjezera chithandizo pakutanthauzira magawo ophatikizika (trunking).
  • Memory ndi ntchito zadongosolo
    • Dalaivala wowonjezera wa amd-pstate kuti apereke chiwongolero cha ma frequency kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Dalaivala amathandizira ma CPU a AMD ndi ma APU kuyambira ku m'badwo wa Zen 2, wopangidwa limodzi ndi Valve ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka mphamvu. Kuti musinthe ma frequency osinthika, makina a CPPC (Collaborative processor Performance Control) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amakulolani kusintha zizindikiro molondola kwambiri (osachepera magawo atatu a magwiridwe antchito) ndikuyankha mwachangu kusintha kwamayiko kuposa momwe ACPI yochokera ku P-state idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. oyendetsa (CPUFreq).
    • EBPF subsystem imapereka bpf_loop() chogwirizira, chomwe chimapereka njira ina yokonzera malupu mu mapulogalamu a eBPF, mwachangu komanso kosavuta kuti atsimikizire ndi wotsimikizira.
    • Pa mlingo wa kernel, makina a CO-RE (Compile Once - Run Everywhere) akugwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amakulolani kuti muphatikize ndondomeko ya mapulogalamu a eBPF kamodzi kokha ndikugwiritsa ntchito chojambulira chapadera chapadziko lonse chomwe chimasintha pulogalamu yodzaza kernel ndi mitundu ya BTF yamakono. (Mtundu wa BPF).
    • Ndizotheka kugawira mayina kumadera achinsinsi osadziwika (operekedwa kudzera mwa malloc), omwe angapangitse kusokoneza komanso kukhathamiritsa kwakugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira pamapulogalamu. Mayina amaperekedwa kudzera pa prctl ndi mbendera ya PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME ndipo amawonetsedwa mu /proc/pid/maps ndi /proc/pid/smaps mu mawonekedwe "[anon: ]".
    • Wokonza ntchitoyo amapereka kutsata ndikuwonetsa mu /proc/PID/anakonza nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zomwe zimakakamizidwa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa katundu pamene purosesa ikuwotcha.
    • Wowonjezera gpio-sim module, wopangidwa kuti azitengera tchipisi ta GPIO poyesa.
    • Anawonjezera "latency" subcommand ku lamulo la "perf ftrace" kuti apange histograms ndi chidziwitso cha latency.
    • Onjezani zida za "RTLA" zowunikira ntchito munthawi yeniyeni. Zimaphatikizapo zofunikira monga osnoise (amazindikira mphamvu ya opareshoni pakuchita ntchito) ndi timerlat (imasintha kuchedwa komwe kumayenderana ndi chowerengera).
    • Mndandanda wachiwiri wa zigamba waphatikizidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa lingaliro la masamba a masamba, omwe amafanana ndi masamba ophatikizika, koma apititsa patsogolo semantics ndi bungwe lomveka bwino la ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma tomes kumakupatsani mwayi wofulumizitsa kasamalidwe ka kukumbukira muzinthu zina za kernel. Zigamba zomwe zaperekedwa zidamaliza kusinthidwa kwa cache yamasamba kuti igwiritse ntchito tomes ndikuwonjezera chithandizo choyambirira cha tomes mu fayilo ya XFS.
    • Anawonjezera "pangani mod2noconfig" kumanga mode, yomwe imapanga kasinthidwe kamene kamasonkhanitsa ma subsystems onse olumala monga ma module a kernel.
    • Zofunikira pa mtundu wa LLVM/Clang womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga kernel zakwezedwa. Kumanga tsopano kumafuna kutulutsidwa kwa LLVM 11.
  • Virtualization ndi Chitetezo
    • Kukhazikitsidwa kwatsopano kwa pseudo-random number jenereta RDRAND, yomwe imayang'anira magwiridwe antchito a / dev/random ndi / dev/urandom zida, ikufuna, yodziwika pakusintha kogwiritsa ntchito BLAKE2s hashi ntchito m'malo mwa SHA1 pakuchita kusakaniza kwa entropy. Kusinthaku kunapititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha jenereta ya nambala yachinyengo pochotsa zovuta za SHA1 algorithm ndikuchotsa kulembedwanso kwa vector yoyambira ya RNG. Popeza ma algorithm a BLAKE2s ndi apamwamba kuposa SHA1 pakuchita, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kunalinso ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuchita.
    • Kutetezedwa kowonjezera pakuwonongeka kwa mapurosesa obwera chifukwa chongopereka malangizo mongopeka pambuyo pochita kulumpha mopanda malire. Vutoli limachitika chifukwa chokonzekera bwino malangizo atangotsatira malangizo a nthambi mu kukumbukira (SLS, Straight Line Speculation). Kuthandizira chitetezo kumafuna kumanga ndi kutulutsidwa komweku kwa GCC 12.
    • Anawonjezera njira yotsatirira mawerengedwe a mareferensi (refcount, reference-count), cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zolakwika pakuwerengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kukumbukira atamasulidwa. Makinawa pakadali pano ali ndi ma network ochepa, koma mtsogolomo amatha kusinthidwa kumadera ena a kernel.
    • Macheke owonjezera a zolemba zatsopano patebulo latsamba lokumbukira akhazikitsidwa, kulola kuzindikira mitundu ina ya kuwonongeka ndikuyimitsa dongosolo, kutsekereza kuukira koyambirira.
    • Anawonjezera mphamvu yotsegula ma modules a kernel mwachindunji ndi kernel yokha, osati ndi chogwiritsira ntchito mu malo ogwiritsira ntchito, omwe amalola kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la LoadPin LSM kuti atsimikizire kuti ma modules a kernel amasungidwa kukumbukira kuchokera ku chipangizo chosungirako chotsimikiziridwa.
    • Kuphatikizidwa ndi mbendera ya "-Wcast-function-type", yomwe imathandizira machenjezo okhudza kuponya zolozera ku mtundu wosagwirizana.
    • Wowonjezera woyendetsa woyendetsa pvUSB wa Xen hypervisor, wopatsa mwayi wopeza zida za USB zomwe zimatumizidwa kumakina a alendo (amalola makina a alendo kuti apeze zida za USB zoperekedwa ku dongosolo la alendo).
    • Ma module awonjezedwa omwe amakulolani kuti muzitha kulumikizana kudzera pa Wi-Fi ndi IME (Intel Management Engine) subsystem, yomwe imabwera m'mabodi amakono amakono okhala ndi ma processor a Intel ndipo imayikidwa ngati microprocessor yosiyana yomwe imagwira ntchito mosadalira CPU.
    • Pazomangamanga za ARM64, chithandizo chakhazikitsidwa pa chida cha KCSAN (Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer) chowongolera, chopangidwa kuti chizitha kuzindikira mipikisano yamitundu mkati mwa kernel.
    • Kwa machitidwe a 32-bit ARM, kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito makina a KFENCE kuti azindikire zolakwika pogwira ntchito ndi kukumbukira kwawonjezedwa.
    • Hypervisor ya KVM imawonjezera chithandizo cha malangizo a AMX (Advanced Matrix Extensions) omwe akhazikitsidwa mu ma processor a Intel Xeon Scalable akubwera.
  • Network subsystem
    • Thandizo lowonjezera pakutsitsa magwiridwe antchito okhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto kumbali ya zida za netiweki.
    • Yawonjezera kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito MCTP (Management Component Transport Protocol) pazipangizo zamasitala. MCTP itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa oyang'anira oyang'anira ndi zida zomwe amagwirizana nazo (ma processor olandila, zotumphukira, ndi zina).
    • Stack ya TCP yakonzedwa bwino, mwachitsanzo, kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a mafoni a recvmsg, kuchedwa kutulutsidwa kwa ma socket buffers kwakhazikitsidwa.
    • Paulamuliro wa CAP_NET_RAW, kukhazikitsa SO_PRIORITY ndi SO_MARK modes kupyolera mu ntchito ya setsockopt ndikololedwa.
    • Kwa IPv4, sockets zobiriwira zimaloledwa kumangika kumaadilesi a IP omwe si amderalo pogwiritsa ntchito njira za IP_FREEBIND ndi IP_TRANSPARENT.
    • Anawonjezera sysctl arp_missed_max kuti mukonze chiwerengero cha zolephera panthawi yowunikira ARP, pambuyo pake mawonekedwe a netiweki amaikidwa m'malo olemala.
    • Zinapereka kuthekera kokhazikitsa sysctl min_pmtu yosiyana ndi mtu_expires values ​​​​pamalo ochezera pa intaneti.
    • Anawonjezera luso lokhazikitsa ndikuzindikira kukula kwa ma buffer pamapaketi obwera ndi otuluka ku ethtool API.
    • Netfilter yawonjezera thandizo pakusefa magalimoto a pppoe mu mlatho wa netiweki.
    • Gawo la ksmbd, lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito seva yamafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito protocol ya SMB3, yawonjezera chithandizo pakusinthana kwachinsinsi, yathandizira netiweki port 445 ya smbdirect, ndikuwonjezera thandizo la "smb2 max credit" parameter.
  • Zida
    • Thandizo la zowonetsera zowonetsera zinsinsi zawonjezedwa ku drm (Direct Rendering Manager) subsystem ndi dalaivala wa i915, mwachitsanzo, ma laputopu ena ali ndi zowonetsera zokhala ndi mawonekedwe achinsinsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziwona kuchokera kunja. . Zosintha zomwe zawonjezeredwa zimakupatsani mwayi wolumikiza madalaivala apadera azithunzi zotere ndikuwongolera kusakatula kwachinsinsi pokhazikitsa madalaivala okhazikika a KMS.
    • Dalaivala wa amdgpu akuphatikiza kuthandizira ukadaulo wa STB (Smart Trace Buffer) wama AMD GPU onse omwe amathandizira. STB imapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusanthula zolephera ndikuzindikira komwe kumayambitsa mavuto posunga chidziwitso chapadera chokhudza ntchito zomwe zidachitika kulephera komaliza.
    • Dalaivala wa i915 amawonjezera chithandizo cha tchipisi cha Intel Raptor Lake S ndikuthandizira kuthandizira mawonekedwe a tchipisi ta Intel Alder Lake P mwachisawawa.
    • Thandizo la kuthamangitsidwa kwa Hardware mu kontrakitala labwezedwa mu ma driver a fbcon/fbdev.
    • Kupitilira kuphatikiza zosintha kuti zithandizire tchipisi ta Apple M1. Anakhazikitsa kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito simpledrm driver pamakina okhala ndi Apple M1 chip kuti atulutse kudzera pa framebuffer yoperekedwa ndi firmware.
    • Zowonjezera zothandizira ARM SoΠ‘, zida ndi ma board Snapdragon 7c, 845 ndi 888 (Sony Xperia XZ2 / XZ2C / XZ3, Xperia 1 III / 5 III, Samsung J5, Microsoft Surface Duo 2), Mediatek MT6589 (Fairphone FP1), Mediatek MT8183 ( Acer Chromebook 314), Mediatek MT7986a/b (yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma routers a Wi-fi), Broadcom BCM4908 (Netgear RAXE500), Qualcomm SDX65, Samsung Exynos7885, Renesas R-Car S4-8, TI J721s2, TIJ320s8, ULP8s NPEX2500P2600, TI SPEX32P1, TI SPEX6P6000 SPEX , Aspeed AST6001/AST14, Engicam i.Core STM16MPXNUMX, Allwinner Tanix TXXNUMX, Facebook Bletchley BMC, Goramo MultiLink, JOZ Access Point, Y Soft IOTA Crux/Crux+, tXNUMX/tXNUMX MacBook Pro XNUMX/XNUMX Pro XNUMX/XNUMX
    • Thandizo lowonjezera la mapurosesa a ARM Cortex-M55 ndi Cortex-M33.
    • Zowonjezera zothandizira pazida zochokera ku CPU MIPS: Linksys WRT320N v1, Netgear R6300 v1, Netgear WN2500RP v1/v2.
    • Thandizo lowonjezera la StarFive JH7100 SoC kutengera kamangidwe ka RISC-V.
    • Adawonjezera dalaivala wa lenovo-yogabook-wmi kuti azitha kuwongolera kuwunikira kwa kiyibodi ndikupeza masensa osiyanasiyana mu Lenovo Yoga Book.
    • Wowonjezera asus_wmi_sensors driver kuti apeze masensa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Asus X370, X470, B450, B550 ndi X399 motherboards zochokera ku AMD Ryzen processors.
    • Madalaivala owonjezera a x86-android-tablets pama PC apiritsi a x86 otumizidwa ndi nsanja ya Android.
    • Thandizo lowonjezera la TrekStor SurfTab duo W1 touch screen ndi cholembera chamagetsi chamapiritsi a Chuwi Hi10 Plus ndi Pro.
    • Madalaivala a SoC Tegra 20/30 awonjezera chithandizo chamagetsi ndi magetsi. Imayatsa kuyambitsa pazida zakale za 32-bit Tegra SoC monga ASUS Prime TF201, Pad TF701T, Pad TF300T, Infinity TF700T, EeePad TF101 ndi Pad TF300TG.
    • Madalaivala owonjezera a makompyuta amakampani a Siemens.
    • Thandizo lowonjezera la Sony Tulip Truly NT35521, Vivax TPC-9150, Innolux G070Y2-T02, BOE BF060Y8M-AJ0, JDI R63452, Novatek NT35950, Wanchanglong W552946ABA ndi Gulu Gwero la LCD 043015ABA ndi Team Source XNUMXLCD TSTXNUMX
    • Thandizo lowonjezera la machitidwe amawu ndi ma codec AMD Renoir ACP, Asahi Kasei Microdevices AKM4375, makina a Intel pogwiritsa ntchito NAU8825/MAX98390, Mediatek MT8915, nVidia Tegra20 S/PDIF, Qualcomm ALC5682I-VS, Texas Instruments TLVxxxDC320ADC. Mavuto ndi Tegra3 HD-audio atha. Thandizo la HDA lowonjezera la CS194L35 codecs. Thandizo labwino la makina amawu a laputopu ya Lenovo ndi HP, komanso ma board a ma Gigabyte.

Source: opennet.ru

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