Pulogalamu ya ProHoster > Blog > nkhani zapaintaneti > Richard Hamming. “Chaputala Kulibeko”: Mmene Timadziwira Zimene Timadziwa (Mphindi 11-20 kuchokera pa 40)

Richard Hamming. “Chaputala Kulibeko”: Mmene Timadziwira Zimene Timadziwa (Mphindi 11-20 kuchokera pa 40)


Yambirani apa.

10-43: Wina anati: “Wasayansi amadziŵa sayansi monga momwe nsomba imadziŵira mphamvu ya hydrodynamic.” Palibe tanthauzo la Sayansi apa. Ndidazindikira (ndikuganiza kuti ndidakuuzani kale izi) penapake kusukulu yasekondale aphunzitsi osiyanasiyana amandiuza zamaphunziro osiyanasiyana ndipo ndimawona kuti aphunzitsi osiyanasiyana amalankhula za maphunziro omwewo mwanjira zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, nthawi yomweyo ndinayang'ana zomwe tinali kuchita ndipo zinali zosiyana kachiwiri.

Tsopano, mwina mwanenapo, "timachita zoyeserera, mumayang'ana pa data ndikupanga malingaliro." Izi mwina ndi zamkhutu. Musanasonkhanitse zomwe mukufuna, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro. Simungathe kusonkhanitsa deta yachisawawa: mitundu yomwe ili m'chipinda chino, mtundu wa mbalame yomwe mukuwona, ndi zina zotero, ndikuyembekeza kuti ili ndi tanthauzo. Muyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro musanasonkhanitse deta. Komanso, simungathe kutanthauzira zotsatira za kuyesa zomwe mungachite ngati mulibe chiphunzitso. Kuyesera ndi malingaliro omwe apita kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto. Muli ndi malingaliro oyambilira ndipo muyenera kutanthauzira zochitika ndi izi m'malingaliro.

Mumapeza malingaliro ambiri oyambilira kuchokera ku cosmogony. Mitundu yachikale imanena nkhani zosiyanasiyana kuzungulira moto, ndipo ana amamva ndikuphunzira makhalidwe ndi miyambo (Ethos). Ngati muli m'bungwe lalikulu, mumaphunzira malamulo a khalidwe makamaka poyang'ana anthu ena akuchita. Pamene mukukula, simungathe kuyima nthawi zonse. Ndimakonda kuganiza kuti ndikayang'ana madona amsinkhu wanga, ndimawona pang'ono za madiresi omwe anali m'fasho masiku omwe azimayiwa anali ku koleji. Mwina ndimadzipusitsa, koma ndi zomwe ndimakonda kuganiza. Inu nonse munawaona a Hippie akale amene amavalabe ndi kuchita monga momwe anachitira panthaŵi imene umunthu wawo unapangidwa. Ndizodabwitsa momwe mumapindulira mwanjira iyi ndipo simukudziwa, komanso momwe zimakhalira zovuta kuti madona akale apumule ndikusiya zizolowezi zawo, pozindikira kuti salinso khalidwe lovomerezeka.

Kudziwa ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri. Zimabwera ndi tsankho zonse zomwe mudamvapo kale. Mwachitsanzo, muli ndi tsankho kuti A amatsogola B ndi A ndiye chifukwa cha B. Chabwino. Masana nthawi zonse amatsatira usiku. Kodi usiku ndi chifukwa cha usana? Kapena masana ndi chifukwa cha usiku? Ayi. Ndipo chitsanzo china chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri. Magulu a Mtsinje wa Poto'mac amagwirizana bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa mafoni. Kuyimba foni kumapangitsa kuti mitsinje ikwere, motero timakhumudwa. Kuyimba foni sikuchititsa kuti mitsinje ikwere. Kukugwa mvula ndipo pazifukwa izi anthu amayitanitsa ma taxi pafupipafupi komanso pazifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo, kudziwitsa okondedwa kuti chifukwa cha mvula amayenera kuchedwa kapena zina zotere, ndipo mvula imapangitsa kuti mitsinje ifike. kuwuka.

Lingaliro lakuti mukhoza kudziwa chifukwa ndi zotsatira zake chifukwa chimodzi chimabwera patsogolo pa chinzake chingakhale cholakwika. Izi zimafuna kusamala pakuwunika kwanu ndi malingaliro anu ndipo zitha kukutsogolerani kunjira yolakwika.

M'nthawi yakale, anthu mwachiwonekere ankakonda mitengo, mitsinje ndi miyala, zonse chifukwa chakuti sakanatha kufotokoza zomwe zinachitika. Koma Mizimu, mukuona, ili ndi ufulu wakudzisankhira, ndipo mwanjira iyi zomwe zinali kuchitika zidafotokozedwa. Koma patapita nthawi tinayesetsa kuchepetsa mizimu. Ngati munapanga maulendo a mpweya wofunikira ndi manja anu, ndiye kuti mizimu idachita izi ndi izo. Ngati muloza bwino, mzimu wamtengo umachita izi ndi izo ndipo chirichonse chidzabwereza chokha. Kapena ngati munabzala mwezi wathunthu, zokolola zidzakhala bwino kapena zina zotero.

Mwina mfundo zimenezi zikuvutitsabe zipembedzo zathu. Tili ndi ambiri a iwo. Timachita zabwino mwa milungu kapena milungu imatipatsa zabwino zomwe timapempha, pokhapokha ngati tichita zabwino ndi okondedwa athu. Chotero, milungu yambiri yakale inakhala Mulungu Mmodzi, mosasamala kanthu za chenicheni chakuti kuli Mulungu Wachikristu, Allah, Buddha mmodzi, ngakhale kuti tsopano iwo ali ndi ndandanda ya Abuda. Zambiri kapena zochepa zaphatikizidwa kukhala Mulungu m'modzi, komabe tili ndi matsenga ambiri akuda pozungulira. Tili ndi zamatsenga zambiri zakuda m'mawu. Mwachitsanzo, muli ndi mwana wamwamuna dzina lake Charles. Mukudziwa, mukayima ndikuganiza, Charles simwanayo. Charles ndi dzina la mwana, koma siziri zofanana. Komabe, nthawi zambiri matsenga akuda amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito dzina. Ndimalemba dzina la munthu wina n’kuliwotcha kapena kuchita zinthu zina, ndipo liyenera kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake pa munthuyo mwanjira inayake.

Kapena tili ndi matsenga achifundo, pomwe chinthu chimodzi chimawoneka chofanana ndi china, ndipo ndikachitenga ndikuchidya, zinthu zina zidzachitika. Mankhwala ambiri m'masiku oyambirira anali homeopathy. Ngati chinachake chikuwoneka chofanana ndi china, chidzakhala chosiyana. Chabwino, inu mukudziwa izo sizigwira ntchito bwino kwenikweni.

Ndinatchula Kant, yemwe analemba buku lonse lakuti, The Critique of Pure Reason, limene analemba m’buku lalikulu, lochindikala m’chinenero chovuta kumva, ponena za mmene timadziŵira zimene timadziŵa ndi mmene timanyalanyaza nkhaniyo. Sindikuganiza kuti ndi chiphunzitso chodziwika bwino cha momwe mungakhalire otsimikiza pa chilichonse. Ndipereka chitsanzo cha zokambirana zomwe ndagwiritsapo kangapo wina akanena kuti akutsimikiza za chinachake:

- Ndikuwona kuti mukutsimikiza?
- Popanda kukayikira kulikonse.
- Mosakayikira, chabwino. Tikhoza kulemba papepala kuti ngati mukulakwitsa, choyamba, mudzapereka ndalama zanu zonse ndipo, kachiwiri, mudzadzipha.

Mwadzidzidzi, sakufuna kutero. Ndikunena: koma munatsimikiza! Amayamba kuyankhula zopanda pake ndipo ndikuganiza kuti mukuwona chifukwa chake. Ndikakufunsani china chake chomwe mumatsimikiza nacho, munganene, "Chabwino, mwina sindine wotsimikiza 100%.
Mumadziŵa bwino magulu angapo a zipembedzo amene amaganiza kuti mapeto ali pafupi. Amagulitsa zinthu zawo zonse ndikupita kumapiri, ndipo dziko likupitiriza kukhalapo, amabwerera ndikuyambanso. Izi zachitika nthawi zambiri komanso kangapo m'moyo wanga. Magulu osiyanasiyana omwe anachita izi anali otsimikiza kuti dziko likupita kumapeto ndipo izi sizinachitike. Ndimayesetsa kukutsimikizirani kuti chidziwitso chamtheradi kulibe.

Tiyeni tione bwinobwino zimene sayansi imachita. Ndinakuuzani kuti, musanayambe kuyeza muyenera kupanga chiphunzitso. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Kuyesera kwina kumachitika ndipo zotsatira zina zimapezeka. Sayansi imayesa kupanga chiphunzitso, nthawi zambiri m'njira yofotokozera nkhanizi. Koma palibe zotsatira zaposachedwa zomwe zingatsimikizire chotsatira.

Mu masamu pali chinachake chotchedwa masamu induction, zomwe, ngati mupanga zambiri, zimakulolani kutsimikizira kuti chochitika china chidzachitika nthawi zonse. Koma choyamba muyenera kuvomereza malingaliro osiyanasiyana omveka ndi ena. Inde, akatswiri a masamu akhoza, muzochitika zopangira kwambiri izi, kutsimikizira kulondola kwa manambala achilengedwe, koma simungayembekezere kuti katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo atsimikizirenso kuti izi zidzachitika nthawi zonse. Ziribe kanthu kuti muponya mpira kangati, palibe chitsimikizo kuti mudzadziwa chinthu chotsatira chomwe mwaponya bwino kuposa chomaliza. Ndikagwira chibaluni ndikuchimasula, chimawulukira mmwamba. Koma nthawi yomweyo mudzakhala ndi alibi: "O, koma zonse zimagwa kupatula izi. Ndipo muyenera kusankha chinthu ichi.

Sayansi ili ndi zitsanzo zofanana. Ndipo ili ndi vuto lomwe malire ake ndi ovuta kufotokoza.

Tsopano popeza tayesa ndikuyesa zomwe mukudziwa, takumana ndi kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito mawu pofotokoza. Ndipo mawu amenewa akhoza kukhala ndi matanthauzo osiyana ndi amene mukuwafotokozera. Anthu osiyanasiyana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu omwewo okhala ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana. Njira imodzi yochotsera kusamvana koteroko ndi pamene muli ndi anthu aŵiri m’labotale akukangana pa nkhani inayake. Kusamvetsetsana kumawaletsa ndikuwakakamiza kuti afotokoze momveka bwino zomwe akutanthauza akamalankhula zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri mungapeze kuti sakutanthauza chinthu chomwecho.

Amatsutsana za matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana. Mkanganowo umasinthira ku zomwe izi zikutanthauza. Pambuyo pofotokozera tanthauzo la mawu, mumamvetsetsana bwino kwambiri, ndipo mukhoza kukangana za tanthauzo - inde, kuyesera kumanena chinthu chimodzi ngati mukuchimvetsa motere, kapena kuyesera kumanena wina ngati mukumvetsa mwanjira ina.

Koma inu munamvetsa mawu awiri basi. Mawu akutithandiza kwambiri.

Zipitilizidwa…

Zikomo Artem Nikitin chifukwa chomasulira.

Amene akufuna kuthandiza kumasulira, masanjidwe ndi kufalitsa bukuli - lembani mwaumwini kapena imelo [imelo ndiotetezedwa]

Mwa njira, tayambitsanso kumasulira kwa buku lina labwino - "Makina a Loto: Mbiri ya Kusintha Kwamakompyuta")

Tikufuna makamaka amene angathandize kumasulira bonasi mutu, amene ali kokha pa kanema. (timamasulira kwa mphindi 10, 20 oyambirira atengedwa kale)

Zomwe zili m'buku ndi mitu yomasuliridwaMaulosi

  1. Chiyambi cha Art of Doing Science ndi Engineering: Kuphunzira Kuphunzira (March 28, 1995) Kumasulira: Mutu 1
  2. "Maziko a Digital (Discrete) Revolution" (March 30, 1995) Mutu 2. Zofunika za Digital (Discrete) Revolution
  3. "History of Computers - Hardware" (March 31, 1995) Mutu 3
  4. "History of Computers - Software" (April 4, 1995) Mutu 4
  5. "History of Computers - Applications" (April 6, 1995) Mutu 5
  6. "Artificial Intelligence - Gawo I" (April 7, 1995) Mutu 6. Artificial Intelligence - 1
  7. "Artificial Intelligence - Gawo II" (April 11, 1995) Mutu 7. Artificial Intelligence - II
  8. "Artificial Intelligence III" (April 13, 1995) Mutu 8. Artificial Intelligence-III
  9. "n-Dimensional Space" (April 14, 1995) Mutu 9
  10. "Coding Theory - The Representation of Information, Part I" (April 18, 1995) Mutu 10 Chiphunzitso cha Coding - I
  11. "Coding Theory - The Representation of Information, Part II" (April 20, 1995) Mutu 11 Coding Theory II
  12. "Makhodi Owongolera Zolakwika" (April 21, 1995) Mutu 12
  13. "Chidziwitso Chachidziwitso" (April 25, 1995) Zatha, zikuyenera kusindikizidwa
  14. "Zosefera Za digito, Gawo I" (April 27, 1995) Mutu 14 Zosefera Zapa digito - 1
  15. "Zosefera Za digito, Gawo II" (April 28, 1995) Mutu 15 Zosefera Zapa digito - 2
  16. "Zosefera Za digito, Gawo III" (May 2, 1995) Mutu 16 Zosefera Zapa digito - 3
  17. "Zosefera Za digito, Gawo IV" (May 4, 1995) Mutu 17 Zosefera Zapa digito - IV
  18. "Simulation, Part I" (May 5, 1995) Mutu 18
  19. "Simulation, Part II" (May 9, 1995) Mutu 19
  20. "Simulation, Part III" (May 11, 1995) Mutu 20 Chitsanzo - III
  21. Fiber Optics (Meyi 12, 1995) Mutu 21
  22. "Computer Aided Instruction" (May 16, 1995) Mutu 22 Maphunziro Othandizira Pakompyuta (CAI)
  23. "Mathematics" (May 18, 1995) Mutu 23
  24. "Quantum Mechanics" (May 19, 1995) Mutu 24
  25. "Chilengedwe" (May 23, 1995). Kumasulira: Mutu 25
  26. "Akatswiri" (May 25, 1995) Mutu 26
  27. "Zosadalirika" (May 26, 1995) Mutu 27
  28. Systems Engineering (May 30, 1995) Mutu 28. Systems Engineering
  29. "Mumapeza Zomwe Mumayesa" (June 1, 1995) Mutu 29
  30. "Tidziwa bwanji zomwe timadziwa" (June 2, 1995) kumasulira mu zidutswa za mphindi 10
  31. Hamming, "Inu ndi Kafukufuku Wanu" (June 6, 1995). Kumasulira: Inu ndi ntchito yanu

Amene akufuna kuthandiza kumasulira, masanjidwe ndi kufalitsa bukuli - lembani mwaumwini kapena imelo [imelo ndiotetezedwa]

Source: www.habr.com

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