Kuukira kwa DDoS kumakhalabe imodzi mwamitu yomwe imakambidwa kwambiri pankhani yachitetezo chazidziwitso. Nthawi yomweyo, si aliyense amene akudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto a bot, chomwe ndi chida chachitetezo chotere, chimakhala ndi zoopsa zina zambiri pabizinesi yapaintaneti. Mothandizidwa ndi bots, owukira sangangoletsa tsamba lawebusayiti, komanso amaba deta, kupotoza ma metric abizinesi, kuonjezera ndalama zotsatsa, ndikuwononga mbiri ya tsambalo. Tiyeni tipende zowopsezazo mwatsatanetsatane, ndikukumbutsaninso za njira zoyambira zotetezera.
Kusanthula
Maboti amawunikidwa nthawi zonse (ndiko kuti, kusonkhanitsa) deta pamasamba ena. Amaba zomwe zili mkati ndiyeno amazifalitsa popanda kutchula gwero. Nthawi yomweyo, kutumiza zomwe zakopedwa patsamba lachitatu kumatsitsa gwero pazotsatira zakusaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa omvera, kugulitsa ndi kutsatsa kwatsambali. Maboti amatsatanso mitengo kuti agulitse zinthu zotsika mtengo ndikuthamangitsa makasitomala. Amagula zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti agulitsenso pamtengo wokwera. Itha kupanga madongosolo abodza kuti akweze zida zamayendedwe ndikupangitsa kuti katundu asapezeke kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Parsing imakhudza kwambiri ntchito yamasitolo apaintaneti, makamaka omwe magalimoto awo akulu amachokera kumasamba ophatikizira. Pambuyo pofotokoza mitengo, oukirawo amaika mtengo wa chinthucho kutsika pang'ono kuposa mtengo wakale, ndipo izi zimawalola kukwera pazotsatira zawo. Malo oyenda nawonso nthawi zambiri amachititsidwa ndi bot: zambiri za matikiti, maulendo ndi mahotela zimabedwa kwa iwo.
Kawirikawiri, makhalidwe ndi osavuta: ngati gwero lanu lili ndi zinthu zapadera, bots abwera kale kwa inu.
Kuwongolera kutha kuchitika mwa kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi kwa magalimoto, komanso kuyang'anira mitengo yamitengo ya omwe akupikisana nawo. Ngati masamba ena amakopera kusintha kwamitengo yanu nthawi yomweyo, zikutanthauza kuti ma bots amatenga nawo mbali.
Chinyengo
Kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro ndi zotsatira zofanana za kukhalapo kwa bots pa malo. Zochita zilizonse za bot zimawonetsedwa muzochita zamabizinesi. Popeza gawo la magalimoto apathengo ndilofunika kwambiri, zisankho zozikidwa pazachuma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwika.
Otsatsa amaphunzira momwe alendo amagwiritsira ntchito chinthu ndikugula. Amayang'ana mitengo yotembenuka ndi kutsogolera ndikuzindikira mafungulo ofunikira ogulitsa. Makampani amayesanso mayeso a A/B ndipo, malingana ndi zotsatira zake, amalemba njira zoyendetsera malowa. Mabotolo amakhudza zizindikiro zonsezi, zomwe zimabweretsa zisankho zopanda nzeru komanso ndalama zosafunikira zotsatsa.
Owukira amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito bots kuti awononge mbiri yamasamba, kuphatikiza malo ochezera. Zomwe zililinso ndi malo ovotera pa intaneti, pomwe ma bots nthawi zambiri amakulitsa zizindikiro kuti njira yomwe owukira akufuna ipambane.
Momwe mungadziwire kuti akubera:
- Onani ma analytics anu. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komanso kosayembekezereka kwa chizindikiro chilichonse, monga kuyesa kulowa, nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuukira kwa bot.
- Yang'anirani momwe magalimoto akusinthira. Zimachitika kuti tsamba limalandira zopempha zambiri kuchokera kumayiko achilendo - izi ndizodabwitsa ngati simunayang'ane nawo kampeni.
Kuukira kwa DDoS
Anthu ambiri adamvapo za DDoS kapena adakumana nazo. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti chida sichimalephereka nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto. Kuwukira kwa API nthawi zambiri kumakhala kocheperako, ndipo pomwe pulogalamuyo ikuwonongeka, chowotcha moto ndi zolemetsa zimagwira ntchito ngati palibe chomwe chachitika.
Kubwereza maulendo opita ku tsamba la kunyumba sikungakhale ndi zotsatirapo pa ntchito ya malo, koma katundu yemweyo mwachindunji pa tsamba la ngolo kumabweretsa mavuto pamene ntchitoyo ikuyamba kutumiza zopempha zambiri ku zigawo zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika.
Momwe mungadziwire kuwukira (mfundo ziwiri zoyambirira zitha kuwoneka zomveka, koma musanyalanyaze):
- Makasitomala akudandaula kuti malowa sakugwira ntchito.
- Tsamba kapena masamba omwe ali ochedwa.
- Magalimoto pamasamba amodzi amawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zopempha zambiri zimawonekera pamangolo kapena tsamba lolipira.
Kubera maakaunti anu
BruteForce, kapena password brute force, imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito bots. Ma database omwe adatsitsidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakubera. Pafupifupi, ogwiritsa ntchito amabwera ndi zosankha zosaposa zisanu zachinsinsi pamaakaunti onse a pa intaneti - ndipo zosankhazo zimasankhidwa mosavuta ndi bots zomwe zimayang'ana mamiliyoni ophatikizika munthawi yaifupi kwambiri. Kenako owukirawo amatha kugulitsanso zophatikizira zaposachedwa za ma logins ndi mapasiwedi.
Obera amathanso kutenga maakaunti awo ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito kuti apindule. Mwachitsanzo, chotsani mabonasi osonkhanitsidwa, kuba matikiti ogulidwa pazochitika - zambiri, pali zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muzichita zina.
Kuzindikira BruteForce sikovuta kwambiri: mfundo yakuti obera akuyesa kuthyolako akaunti akuwonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwachilendo kwa kuyesa kosatheka kolowera. Ngakhale zimachitika kuti otsutsa amatumiza zopempha zochepa.
Kudina
Kusindikiza zotsatsa za bots kumatha kubweretsa kutayika kwakukulu kwamakampani ngati sikunadziwike. Pachiwopsezo, bots dinani pazotsatsa zomwe zatumizidwa patsambalo ndipo potero zimakhudza kwambiri ma metric.
Otsatsa mwachiwonekere amayembekezera kuti zikwangwani ndi makanema omwe amaikidwa pamasamba aziwoneka ndi ogwiritsa ntchito enieni. Koma popeza kuchuluka kwa zowonera kumakhala kochepa, kutsatsa, chifukwa cha bots, kumawonetsedwa kwa anthu ochepa.
Masamba pawokha amafuna kuwonjezera phindu lawo powonetsa zotsatsa. Ndipo otsatsa, ngati awona kuchuluka kwa magalimoto a bot, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa malo omwe amayikidwa patsamba, zomwe zimadzetsa kutayika komanso kuwonongeka kwa mbiri ya tsambalo.
Akatswiri amazindikira mitundu iyi ya chinyengo pakutsatsa:
- Malingaliro onama. Maboti amayendera masamba ambiri awebusayiti ndikupanga malingaliro otsatsa osavomerezeka.
- Dinani chinyengo. Maboti amadina maulalo otsatsa posaka, zomwe zimatsogolera pakuwonjezeka kwamitengo yotsatsa.
- Retargeting. Mabots amayendera masamba angapo ovomerezeka asanadina kuti apange cookie yomwe ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri kwa otsatsa.
Kodi kudziwa kuwonekera? Kawirikawiri, magalimoto atachotsedwa chinyengo, kutembenuka kumachepa. Ngati muwona kuti kuchuluka kwa kudina pazikwangwani ndikokwera kuposa momwe amayembekezera, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa bots patsamba. Zizindikilo zina za magalimoto apathengo zingaphatikizepo:
- Onjezani kudina pamatsatsa osasintha pang'ono.
- Kutembenuka kukucheperachepera, ngakhale zotsatsa sizinasinthe.
- Kudina kangapo kuchokera ku adilesi imodzi ya IP.
- Kutsika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito (kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa mabampu) ndikuwonjezeka kwa kudina.
Sakani zofooka
Kuyesa kwachiwopsezo kumachitidwa ndi mapulogalamu odzipangira okha omwe amayang'ana zofooka patsamba ndi API. Zida zodziwika zikuphatikiza Metasploit, Burp Suite, Grendel Scan, ndi Nmap. Ntchito zonse zomwe zalembedwa ndi kampani komanso owukira zimatha kuyang'ana tsambalo. Mawebusayiti amakambirana ndi akatswiri akubera kuti awone chitetezo chawo. Pankhaniyi, ma adilesi a IP a owerengera akuphatikizidwa pamndandanda woyera.
Owukira amayesa malo popanda kuvomerezana. M'tsogolomu, obera amagwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za cheke pazolinga zawo: mwachitsanzo, akhoza kugulitsanso zambiri za zofooka za malo. Zimachitika kuti zinthu sizimafufuzidwa osati mwadala, koma ngati gawo la kugwiritsa ntchito kusatetezeka kwazinthu za chipani chachitatu. Tiyeni titenge WordPress: ngati cholakwika chikupezeka mumtundu uliwonse, bots fufuzani masamba onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu. Ngati chida chanu chili pamndandanda wotere, mutha kuyembekezera kuchezeredwa ndi owononga.
Momwe mungadziwire bots?
Kuti mupeze zofooka patsamba, owukira amayamba kuwunikiranso, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa zochitika zokayikitsa patsamba. Kusefa bots panthawiyi kudzakuthandizani kupewa kuukira kotsatira. Ngakhale ma bots ndi ovuta kuwazindikira, zopempha zotumizidwa kuchokera ku adilesi imodzi ya IP kupita kumasamba onse atsamba zitha kukhala chizindikiro chochenjeza. Ndikoyenera kumvetsera kuwonjezeka kwa zopempha zamasamba omwe palibe.
Sipamu
Maboti amatha kudzaza mafomu awebusayiti ndi zinthu zopanda pake popanda kudziwa kwanu. Spammers amasiya ndemanga ndi ndemanga, kupanga zolembetsa zabodza ndi maoda. Njira yachikale yolimbana ndi bots, CAPTCHA, sizothandiza pankhaniyi chifukwa imakwiyitsa ogwiritsa ntchito enieni. Kuphatikiza apo, ma bots aphunzira kudutsa zida zotere.
Nthawi zambiri, sipamu ndi yopanda vuto, koma zimachitika kuti ma bots amapereka ntchito zokayikitsa: amatumiza zotsatsa zogulitsa zinthu zabodza ndi mankhwala, amalimbikitsa maulalo kumasamba olaula, ndikupangitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuzinthu zachinyengo.
Momwe mungadziwire spammer bots:
- Ngati sipamu ikuwoneka patsamba lanu, ndiye kuti mwina ndi bots omwe amatumiza.
- Pali ma adilesi ambiri osalondola pamndandanda wamakalata anu. Ma bots nthawi zambiri amasiya maimelo omwe palibe.
- Othandizana nawo ndi otsatsa akudandaula kuti mayendedwe a spam akuchokera patsamba lanu.
Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi zingawoneke kuti n'zovuta kulimbana ndi bots nokha. M'malo mwake, ndi momwe zilili, ndipo ndi bwino kuyika chitetezo cha webusayiti kwa akatswiri. Ngakhale makampani akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amalephera kuyang'anira paokha magalimoto osaloledwa, osasefera, chifukwa izi zimafuna ukadaulo wofunikira komanso ndalama zambiri ku gulu la IT.
Variti imateteza mawebusayiti ndi ma API ku mitundu yonse ya ziwopsezo za bot, kuphatikiza chinyengo, DDoS, kudina ndi kukanda. Tekinoloje yathu yachitetezo cha Active Bot imakupatsani mwayi wozindikira ndikuletsa ma bots popanda CAPTCHA kapena kutsekereza ma adilesi a IP.
Source: www.habr.com