Ma Cable TV network kwa ana aang'ono. Gawo 8: Optical backbone network

Kwa zaka zambiri tsopano, maziko a kufalitsa deta akhala optical sing'anga. Ndizovuta kulingalira wowerenga habra yemwe sadziwa bwino matekinoloje awa, koma ndizosatheka kuchita popanda kufotokozera mwachidule m'nkhani zanga.

Zamkatimu zankhani

• Gawo 1: Zomangamanga zonse za netiweki ya CATV
• Gawo 2: Mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a wave
• Gawo 3: Chigawo cha analogi cha chizindikiro
• Gawo 4: Digital gawo la chizindikiro
• Gawo 5: Coaxial Distribution Network
• Gawo 6: RF Amplifiers
• Gawo 7: Optical Receivers
• Gawo 8: Optical backbone network
• Gawo 9: Mutu
• Gawo 10: Troubleshooting pa chingwe TV maukonde

Kuti mumalize chithunzichi, ndikuwuzani mwachidule komanso m'njira yosavuta za zinthu zingapo zoletsa (musandiponyere slippers, izi ndi za iwo omwe sadziwa konse): optical fiber ndi galasi lomwe latambasulidwa. ulusi woonda kuposa tsitsi. Mtengo wopangidwa ndi laser umafalikira kudzera mmenemo, womwe (monga mafunde a electromagnetic) uli ndi ma frequency ake enieni. Kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso zosavuta, polankhula za optics, m'malo mwafupipafupi mu hertz, gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe ake osinthika, omwe mumtundu wa kuwala amayesedwa mu nanometers. Pakutumiza chizindikiro cha kanema wawayilesi, λ=1550nm nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zigawo za mzerewu zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwotcherera kapena zolumikizira. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za izi mu nkhani yabwino @stalinets. Ndiloleni ndingonena kuti maukonde a CATV pafupifupi nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito kupukuta kwa APC.

Chithunzi chochokera ku fiber-optic-solutions.com

Imayambitsa kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kuposa chizindikiro chachindunji, koma ili ndi katundu wofunikira kwambiri: chizindikiro chomwe chimasonyezedwa pamphambano sichimafalikira mofanana ndi chizindikiro chachikulu, chifukwa chomwe sichimakhudza kwambiri. Kwa machitidwe otumizirana ma digito okhala ndi ma algorithms omangidwanso ndikubwezeretsanso, izi zikuwoneka ngati zosafunika, koma chizindikiro cha kanema wawayilesi chinayamba ulendo wake ngati chizindikiro cha analogi (mu fiber optics komanso), ndipo kwa izi ndizofunikira kwambiri: aliyense amakumbukira zamatsenga kapena chithunzi. kukwawira pa ma TV akale ndi kulandiridwa mosatsimikizika. Zofananira za mafundezi zimachitika mlengalenga ndi zingwe. Chizindikiro cha digito cha TV, ngakhale kuti chawonjezera chitetezo cha phokoso, komabe sichikhala ndi ubwino wambiri wotumizira deta ya paketi ndipo chikhoza kuvutikanso pamlingo wa physics, koma sichingabwezeretsedwe kupyolera mu pempho kachiwiri.

Kuti chizindikiritso chifalikire patali kwambiri, mulingo wapamwamba umafunika, kotero ma amplifiers ndi ofunikira mu unyolo. Chizindikiro cha kuwala mu machitidwe a CATV chimakulitsidwa ndi erbium amplifiers (EDFA). Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chipangizochi ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha momwe ukadaulo uliwonse wotsogola umasiyanitsidwa ndi matsenga. Mwachidule: mtengo ukadutsa mu ulusi wokhala ndi erbium, mikhalidwe imapangidwa pomwe chithunzi chilichonse cha radiation yoyambirira imapanga ma clones awiri okha. Zida zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zonse zotumizira deta pamtunda wautali. Iwo ndithudi si otchipa. Chifukwa chake, ngati kukulitsa ma siginecha ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu sikofunikira ndipo palibe zofunikira zenizeni za kuchuluka kwa phokoso, zowongolera ma siginecha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Chipangizochi, monga momwe chikuwonekera pazithunzi za block, chimapanga kutembenuka kwapawiri pakati pa optical ndi magetsi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakulolani kuti musinthe mawonekedwe a chizindikiro ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kuwongolera kotere monga kukulitsa ma siginecha ndi kusinthikanso ndikofunikira osati kungolipira chiwongolero cha chingwe chautali wa kilomita. Kutayika kwakukulu kumachitika pamene chizindikirocho chimagawidwa pakati pa nthambi za intaneti. Kugawanika kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopanda pake, zomwe, malingana ndi kufunikira, zimatha kukhala ndi ma tapi osiyanasiyana, komanso zimatha kugawanitsa chizindikirocho mofanana kapena ayi.

M'kati mwake, chogawanizacho chimakhala ndi ulusi wolumikizidwa ndi mbali zam'mbali, kapena zokhazikika, monga njanji pa bolodi losindikizidwa. Kuti mupite mozama, ndikupangira zolemba NAGru za weld и planar amagawa molingana. Pamene wogawayo amakhala ndi matepi ambiri, m'pamenenso amatsitsimutsa kwambiri chizindikiro.

Ngati tiwonjezera zosefera ku ziboda kuti tisiyanitse matabwa okhala ndi mafunde osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti titha kutumiza ma siginecha awiri nthawi imodzi mu ulusi umodzi.

Uwu ndiye mtundu wosavuta kwambiri wa optical multiplexing - FWDM. Mwa kulumikiza zida za CATV ndi intaneti ku zolowetsa za TV ndi Express, motsatana, tidzalandira chizindikiro chosakanikirana mu pini wamba ya COM, yomwe imatha kupatsirana pa ulusi umodzi, ndipo mbali inayo imathanso kugawidwa pakati pa cholandila ndi kuwala. chosinthira, mwachitsanzo. Izi zimachitika mofanana ndi momwe utawaleza umawonekera kuchokera ku kuwala koyera mu prism ya galasi.

Chifukwa cha zosunga zobwezeretsera zowonera, kuphatikiza zolandila zowoneka ndi zolowetsa ziwiri, zomwe ndidalemba mu gawo lotsiriza cholumikizira cha electromechanical chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chomwe chimatha kusintha kuchokera ku gwero kupita ku china molingana ndi magawo omwe atchulidwa.
Ulusi umodzi ukatsika, chipangizocho chimangosintha kupita ku china. Nthawi yosinthira imakhala yosachepera sekondi imodzi, kotero kwa wolembetsa amawoneka woyipa kwambiri ngati zopangira zochepa pazithunzi za digito za TV, zomwe zimasowa nthawi yomweyo ndi chimango chotsatira.

Source: www.habr.com