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Nthawi zambiri, zolemba zimapereka zithunzi zokongola m'malo mwa zojambula zamagetsi, zomwe zimayambitsa mikangano mu ndemanga.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndinaganiza zolembera nkhani yaifupi yophunzitsa pa mitundu ya mabwalo amagetsi omwe amagawidwa Unified System of Design Documentation (ESKD).
M'nkhani yonse ndidzadalira ESKD.
Taganizirani .
GOST iyi imayambitsa mfundo zotsatirazi:
- mtundu wa chithunzi - Gulu lamagulu a mabwalo, osiyanitsidwa ndi mfundo ya ntchito, kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo zake;
- mtundu wadera - gulu lamagulu osiyanitsidwa kutengera cholinga chawo chachikulu.
Tiyeni tivomereze nthawi yomweyo kuti tidzakhala ndi mtundu wokhawo wazithunzi - chithunzi chamagetsi (E).
Tiyeni tiwone kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya mabwalo omwe akufotokozedwa mu GOST iyi.
| Mtundu wozungulira | Tanthauzo | Mtundu wa circuit |
|---|---|---|
| Chithunzi chojambula | Chikalata chofotokozera mbali zazikuluzikulu za chinthucho, cholinga chake ndi maubale | 1 |
| Chojambula chogwira ntchito | Chikalata chofotokozera zomwe zimachitika m'magawo omwe amagwirira ntchito pa chinthucho (kuyika) kapena chinthucho (kuyika) chonse. | 2 |
| Chithunzi chojambula (chathunthu) | Chikalata chomwe chimatanthawuza kupangidwa kwathunthu kwa zinthu ndi maubwenzi omwe ali pakati pawo ndipo, monga lamulo, limapereka kumvetsetsa kwathunthu (mwatsatanetsatane) kwa mfundo zogwirira ntchito (kukhazikitsa) | 3 |
| Chithunzi cholumikizira (kukhazikitsa) | Chikalata chosonyeza kulumikizidwa kwa zigawo za chinthucho (kuyika) ndikutanthauzira mawaya, ma harnesses, zingwe kapena mapaipi omwe maulumikizidwewa amapangidwira, komanso malo olumikizirana nawo ndi zolowetsa (zolumikizira, matabwa, zingwe, etc. .) | 4 |
| Chithunzi cholumikizira | Chikalata chosonyeza kulumikizana kwakunja kwa chinthucho | 5 |
| General scheme | Chikalata chofotokozera zigawo za zovutazo ndi kugwirizana kwawo kwa wina ndi mzake pa malo ogwirira ntchito | 6 |
| Zojambulajambula | Chikalata chofotokozera malo achibale a zigawo za chinthucho (kuyika), ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, komanso mitolo (waya, zingwe), mapaipi, ulusi wa kuwala, ndi zina zotero. | 7 |
| Chiwembu chophatikizana | Chikalata chokhala ndi zinthu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamabwalo amtundu womwewo | 0 |
| Zindikirani - Mayina amitundu ya mabwalo omwe amawonetsedwa m'mabokosi amakhazikitsidwa pamagawo amagetsi amagetsi. | ||
Kenaka, tidzakambirana zamtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pamagetsi amagetsi.
Chikalata chachikulu: .
Ndiye, ndi chiyani ndipo mabwalo amagetsi awa "amadya" ndi chiyani?
GOST 2.702-2011 idzatipatsa yankho: Chiwembu chamagetsi - chikalata chokhala ndi, mwa mawonekedwe azithunzi kapena zizindikiro wamba, zigawo za chinthu chomwe chimagwira ntchito mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi, ndi maubale awo.
Kutengera cholinga chachikulu, mabwalo amagetsi amagawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
Chithunzi chojambula chamagetsi (E1)
Chojambula chotchinga chikuwonetsa zigawo zonse zazikulu zogwirira ntchito (zinthu, zida ndi magulu ogwira ntchito) ndi maubwenzi akuluakulu pakati pawo. Kujambula kwachithunzichi kuyenera kupereka lingaliro labwino kwambiri lakutsatana kwa magawo ogwira ntchito pazogulitsa. Pamizere yolumikizana, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mivi kuti iwonetse momwe njira zomwe zimachitika pakupanga.
Chitsanzo cha mawonekedwe amagetsi:
Chithunzi chogwiritsa ntchito magetsi (E2)
Chithunzi chogwira ntchito chikuwonetsa magawo ogwirira ntchito a chinthu (zinthu, zida ndi magulu ogwira ntchito) omwe akutenga nawo gawo pantchito yowonetsedwa ndi chithunzichi, ndi kulumikizana pakati pazigawozi. Kujambula kwachithunzichi kuyenera kupereka chithunzithunzi chowonekera kwambiri cha ndondomeko zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi chithunzicho.
Chitsanzo cha chojambula chamagetsi:
Chithunzi chozungulira chamagetsi (chokwanira) (E3)
Chithunzi chozungulira chikuwonetsa zinthu zonse zamagetsi kapena zida zofunikira pakukhazikitsa ndikuwongolera njira zamagetsi zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa muzinthuzo, kulumikizana konse kwamagetsi pakati pawo, komanso zinthu zamagetsi (zolumikizira, zolumikizira, ndi zina) zomwe zimathetsa kulowetsamo ndi mabwalo otulutsa. Chithunzicho chikhoza kuwonetsa zinthu zolumikizira ndi kuyika zomwe zidayikidwa muzopangidwa pazifukwa zamapangidwe. Mabwalo amachitidwa pazogulitsa zomwe zili pamalo omwewo.
Chitsanzo cha chithunzi chozungulira magetsi:
Chithunzi cholumikizira magetsi (kuyika) (E4)
Chithunzi cholumikizira chikuyenera kuwonetsa zida zonse ndi zinthu zomwe zikuphatikizidwa muzogulitsa, zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa (zolumikizira, ma board, ma clamp, ndi zina), komanso kulumikizana pakati pa zida izi ndi zinthu. Malo azizindikiro zazithunzi za zida ndi zinthu zomwe zili pachithunzichi ziyenera kufananiza ndi kuyika kwenikweni kwa zinthu ndi zida zomwe zidapangidwa. Makonzedwe a zithunzi za zinthu zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa kapena zotengera mkati mwa zizindikiro ndi zida kapena zinthu ziyenera kufananiza ndi kuyika kwake mu chipangizocho.
Chitsanzo cha chithunzi cholumikizira magetsi:
Chithunzi cholumikizira magetsi (E5)
Chithunzi cholumikizira chikuyenera kuwonetsa chinthucho, zolowera ndi zotulutsa (zolumikizira, zingwe, ndi zina) ndi malekezero a mawaya ndi zingwe (zingwe zomata, zingwe zamagetsi) zolumikizidwa kwa iwo kuti akhazikitse kunja, pafupi ndi zomwe data yolumikizira chinthucho ( makhalidwe) ayenera kuikidwa mabwalo akunja ndi (kapena) maadiresi). Kuyika kwa zithunzi za zinthu zolowa ndi zotuluka mkati mwa chithunzi cha chinthucho kuyenera kufanana ndi kuyika kwake mu chinthucho. Chithunzicho chikuyenera kuwonetsa mawonekedwe azinthu zomwe alowetsamo ndi zotuluka zomwe adapatsidwa pazithunzi zozungulira zomwe zapangidwa.
Chitsanzo cha chithunzi cholumikizira magetsi:
General Electric circuit (E6)
Chithunzi chojambulira chikuwonetsa zida ndi zinthu zomwe zikuphatikizidwa muzovuta, komanso mawaya, mitolo ndi zingwe (mawaya otsekeka, zingwe zamagetsi) zolumikiza zida ndi zinthu izi. Malo azizindikiro zazithunzi za zida ndi zinthu zomwe zili pachithunzichi ziyenera kufananiza ndi kuyika kwenikweni kwa zinthu ndi zida zomwe zidapangidwa.
Chitsanzo cha chithunzi chamagetsi wamba:
Chithunzi chojambula chamagetsi (E7)
Chojambula chojambula chimasonyeza zigawo za mankhwala, ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, kugwirizana pakati pawo - kapangidwe, chipinda kapena malo omwe zigawozi zidzakhalapo.
Chitsanzo cha masanjidwe amagetsi:
Magawo amagetsi ophatikizidwa (E0)
Chithunzi chamtunduwu chikuwonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake muzojambula chimodzi.
Chitsanzo cha dera lophatikizana lamagetsi:
PSIyi ndi nkhani yanga yoyamba pa HabrΓ©, musaweruze mosamalitsa.
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