Mwachidziwitso chachikale, chitetezo cha arc ku Russia ndi chitetezo chofulumira chafupipafupi kutengera kujambula kuwala kwa arc yotseguka yamagetsi mu switchgear; njira yodziwika kwambiri yojambulira kuwala kowala pogwiritsa ntchito ma sensa a fiber-optic amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. m'gawo la mafakitale, koma mkubwela kwa zinthu zatsopano M'munda wa chitetezo cha arc m'malo okhalamo, omwe ndi ma AFDD okhazikika omwe akugwira ntchito pa chizindikiro chapano, kulola kuyika chitetezo cha arc pamizere yotuluka, kuphatikiza mabokosi ogawa, zingwe, kulumikizana, sockets, etc., chidwi pa mutuwu chikuwonjezeka.
Komabe, opanga samalankhula zambiri za kapangidwe kake kazinthu zama modular (ngati wina ali ndi chidziwitso chotere, ndingosangalala kupereka maulalo ku magwero a zidziwitso zotere), nkhani ina ndi chitetezo cha arc kwa gawo la mafakitale, ndi mwatsatanetsatane. buku logwiritsa ntchito masamba 122, pomwe mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Taganizirani mwachitsanzo VAMP 321 arc chitetezo system kuchokera ku Schneider Electric, yomwe imaphatikizapo ntchito zonse zotetezera arc monga overcurrent ndi arc kuzindikira.
Yogwira
- Ulamuliro wamakono m'magawo atatu.
- Zero sequence current.
- Zolemba zochitika, kujambula zochitika zadzidzidzi.
- Kuyambitsa mwina nthawi imodzi ndi chapano ndi kuwala, kapena kokha ndi kuwala, kapena kokha ndi chapano.
- Nthawi yoyankha yotulutsa ndi makina otumizirana ma mechanical ndi ochepera 7 ms, ndi khadi la IGBT losankha nthawi yoyankha imachepetsedwa kufika 1 ms.
- Zoni zoyambitsa makonda.
- Njira yodziwonera yokha.
- Chipangizocho chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina osiyanasiyana oteteza arc amagetsi otsika komanso apakatikati.
- Dongosolo la Arc Flash Detection ndi Arc Protection limayesa vuto lapano ndi chizindikiro kudzera mumayendedwe a arc sensor ndipo, ngati cholakwika chichitika, amachepetsa nthawi yowotcha potseka mwachangu kudyetsa komweku.
Mfundo yogwirizana ndi matrix
Mukakhazikitsa ma activation a gawo linalake lachitetezo cha arc, kumasulira komveka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazotulutsa zowunikira komanso matrices apano.
Ngati siteji yachitetezo yasankhidwa mu matrix amodzi okha, imagwira ntchito pazomwe zikuchitika kapena kuwala, kotero dongosololi likhoza kukonzedwa kuti lizigwira ntchito pa siginecha yamakono yokha.
Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka kuti ziziwunikidwa pazigawo zoteteza pulogalamu:
- Currents mu magawo.
- Zero sequence current.
- Ma voltages a mzere.
- Magawo amagetsi.
- Zero sequence voltage.
- pafupipafupi.
- Chiwerengero cha mafunde a gawo.
- Positive sequence current.
- Negative sequence current.
- Mtengo wofananira wa kutsatizana kolakwika kwapano.
- ChiΕ΅erengero cha mikondo yotsatizana yolakwika ndi ziro.
- Positive sequence voltage.
- Negative sequence voltage.
- Mtengo wofananira wa voteji yotsatizana.
- Avereji yamtengo wapano m'magawo (IL1+IL2+IL3)/3.
- Mtengo wapakati wa UL1, UL2, UL3.
- Mtengo wapakati wamagetsi U12, U23, U32.
- Nonlinear distortion coefficient IL1.
- Nonlinear distortion coefficient IL2.
- Nonlinear distortion coefficient IL3.
- Nonlinear distortion coefficient Ua.
- Mtengo wapatali wa magawo IL1.
- Mtengo wapatali wa magawo IL2.
- Mtengo wapatali wa magawo IL3.
- Mtengo wochepera IL1,IL2,IL3.
- Mtengo wokwanira IL1,IL2,IL3.
- Mtengo wocheperako U12,U23,U32.
- Mtengo wapamwamba U12, U23, U32.
- Mtengo wochepera UL1,UL2,UL3.
- Mtengo wokwanira UL1,UL2,UL3.
- Mtengo wakumbuyo Uo.
- Mtengo wa RMS IO.
Kujambulitsa modes mwadzidzidzi
Kujambulira kwadzidzidzi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga ma siginecha onse oyezera (manthawi, ma voltages, zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe zidalowa mu digito ndi zotuluka). Zolowetsa pa digito zimaphatikizaponso ma arc chitetezo ma sign.
Yambani kujambula
Kujambulira kumatha kuyambika ndikuyambitsa kapena kuyambitsa gawo lililonse lachitetezo kapena mawu aliwonse a digito. Chizindikiro choyambitsa chimasankhidwa mu matrix otulutsa (chizindikiro choyimira DR). Kujambula kungayambitsidwenso pamanja.
Kudziletsa
Chikumbutso chosasunthika cha chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito capacitor yapamwamba komanso RAM yamphamvu yochepa.
Pamene magetsi othandizira atsegulidwa, capacitor ndi RAM zimayendetsedwa mkati. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikazimitsidwa, RAM imayamba kulandira mphamvu kuchokera ku capacitor. Idzasunga chidziwitso bola ngati capacitor imatha kusunga voliyumu yovomerezeka. Kwa chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa +25C, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito idzakhala masiku 7 (chinyezi chachikulu chimachepetsa chizindikiro ichi).
RAM yosasunthika imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga zolemba zadzidzidzi komanso chipika cha zochitika.
Ntchito za microcontroller ndi kukhulupirika kwa mawaya ogwirizana nawo, pamodzi ndi ntchito ya pulogalamuyo, imayang'aniridwa ndi intaneti yodziwonera yokha. Kuphatikiza pakuwunika, netiweki iyi imayesa kuyambitsanso microcontroller pakagwa vuto. Ngati kuyambiransoko sikunapambane, chipangizo chodziyang'anira chikuwonetsa kuti chikuyamba kuwonetsa cholakwika chamkati.
Ngati chipangizo chodziyang'anira chiwona cholakwika chokhazikika, chimalepheretsanso ma relay ena (kupatula njira yodziyang'anira yokhayokha ndi ma relay omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitetezo cha arc).
Mphamvu yamkati yamkati imayang'aniridwanso. Popanda mphamvu zowonjezera, chizindikiro cha alamu chimatumizidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti cholumikizira chamkati chamkati chimakhala ndi mphamvu ngati magetsi othandizira atsegulidwa ndipo palibe cholakwika chamkati chomwe chimadziwika.
Chigawo chapakati, zida zolowera / zotulutsa ndi masensa zimayang'aniridwa.
Miyezo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitetezo cha arc
Miyezo yapano mu magawo atatu ndi vuto la dziko lapansi pachitetezo cha arc imachitika pakompyuta. Zamagetsi zimafananiza miyeso yamakono ndi maulendo aulendo ndikupereka zizindikiro za binary "I >>" kapena "Io >>" pa ntchito yoteteza arc ngati malire adutsa. Zigawo zonse zamakono zimaganiziridwa.
Zizindikiro "I >>" ndi "Io >>" zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chipangizo cha FPGA, chomwe chimagwira ntchito yoteteza arc. Kulondola kwa kuyeza kwa chitetezo cha arc ndi Β± 15% pa 50Hz.
Harmonics ndi osakhala sinusoidality (THD)
Chipangizochi chimawerengera THD ngati kuchuluka kwa mafunde ndi ma voltages pama frequency ofunikira.
Ma Harmonics kuchokera ku 2 mpaka 15 kwa mafunde a gawo ndi ma voltages amaganiziridwa. (The harmonic ya 17 idzaphatikizidwa pang'ono mu mtengo wa 15 wa harmonic. Izi ndichifukwa cha mfundo zoyezera digito.)
Njira zoyezera magetsi
Malingana ndi mtundu wa ntchito ndi ma transformer omwe alipo panopa, chipangizochi chikhoza kulumikizidwa ndi magetsi otsalira, mzere-to-phase kapena gawo-to-phase voltage. Gawo losinthika la "Voltage Measurement Mode" liyenera kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi kugwirizana komwe kukugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mitundu yomwe ilipo:
"U0"
Chipangizochi chimalumikizidwa ndi zero sequence voltage. Chitetezo cha Directional ground fault chilipo. Muyezo wamagetsi a mzere, kuyeza kwa mphamvu ndi kuchulukitsa kwamagetsi ndi chitetezo chocheperako sichikupezeka.
"1LL"
Chipangizocho chimalumikizidwa ndi magetsi a mzere. Kuyeza kwa magetsi a gawo limodzi ndi chitetezo cha undervoltage ndi overvoltage chilipo. Chitetezo cha Directional Earth Fault sichikupezeka.
"1LN"
Chipangizocho chikugwirizana ndi gawo limodzi lamagetsi. Single phase voltage miyeso ilipo. Mu maukonde omwe ali ndi maziko olimba komanso olipidwa osalowerera ndale, chitetezo cha undervoltage ndi overvoltage chilipo. Chitetezo cha Directional Earth Fault sichikupezeka.
Zigawo za Symmetrical
Mu dongosolo la magawo atatu, ma voltages ndi mafunde amatha kuthetsedwa kukhala zigawo zofananira, malinga ndi Fortescue.
Ma symmetrical zigawo ndi:
- Kutsata kwachindunji.
- Kubwerera mmbuyo.
- Zero mndandanda.
Zinthu zoyendetsedwa
Chipangizochi chimakupatsani mwayi wowongolera mpaka zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi, monga chosinthira, cholumikizira kapena mpeni wapansi. Kuwongolera kumatha kuchitidwa molingana ndi mfundo ya "chosankha-chochita" kapena "kuwongolera mwachindunji".
Ntchito zomveka
Chipangizochi chimathandizira malingaliro a pulogalamu ya ogwiritsa ntchito pamawu omveka bwino.
Ntchito zomwe zilipo ndi:
- I.
- KAPENA.
- Kwapadera OR.
- OSATI.
- COUNTER.
- RS&D zopindika.
Source: www.habr.com