Bukuli likufotokoza njira imodzi yolembera gawo la vuto, lomwe ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito.
Ndi chiyani? Uku ndikulongosola kwazomwe zimachitika wogwiritsa ntchito ndi dongosolo (kapena ndi bizinesi). Pankhaniyi, dongosololi limakhala ngati bokosi lakuda (ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kugawanitsa ntchito yovuta yokonzekera kupanga kuyanjana ndikuwonetsetsa kuyanjana uku). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mfundo zolembera zimayambitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwerenga kukhale kosavuta, kuphatikizapo kwa omwe sali nawo, ndikulola kufufuza kwina kuti kukwaniritsidwe ndi kutsata zolinga za omwe akukhudzidwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito chitsanzo
Momwe mawonekedwe amawonekera, pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha chilolezo patsambalo kudzera pa imelo:
(System) Lowani patsamba lanu kuti mupeze akaunti yanu. ~~ (Sea level)
Nkhani: Makasitomala osaloledwa amalowa patsambalo kuti tsambalo limuzindikire ndikumuwonetsa zidziwitso zake: mbiri yosakatula, mbiri yogula, nambala yaposachedwa ya ma bonasi, ndi zina zambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito imelo ngati malowedwe.
Mulingo: cholinga cha ogwiritsa
Munthu wamkulu: kasitomala (mlendo wa malo ogulitsira pa intaneti)
Kukula: Kulumikizana kwamakasitomala ndi tsamba la sitolo pa intaneti
Omwe ali nawo ndi zokonda:
- wotsatsa akufuna kuti chiwerengero chochuluka cha alendo omwe abwera patsambalo adziwike kuti adziwe zambiri zamakalata amunthu,
- Katswiri wachitetezo akufuna kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe milandu yofikira mosaloledwa kwa mlendoyo, kuphatikiza kuyesa kulosera mawu achinsinsi pa akaunti imodzi kapena kusaka akaunti yokhala ndi mawu achinsinsi ofooka,
- wowukirayo akufuna kupeza mabonasi a wozunzidwayo,
- omwe akupikisana nawo akufuna kusiya ndemanga zoyipa pazogulitsa,
- Botnet ikufuna kupeza makasitomala a sitolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwukira kuti tsambalo lisagwire ntchito.
Zoyenera: mlendo sayenera kuloledwa.
Zitsimikizo zochepa: mlendo adzadziwa ngati kuyesa chilolezo kunali kopambana kapena sikunapambane.
Zitsimikizo zakupambana: mlendo waloledwa.
Zochitika zazikulu:
- Wothandizira amayambitsa chilolezo.
- Dongosolo limatsimikizira kuti kasitomala saloledwa ndipo sapitilira kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zosavomerezeka kuchokera pagawo lopatsidwa (kufufuza mawu achinsinsi ofooka a maakaunti angapo) molingana ndi "Lamulo la Chitetezo No. 23".
- Dongosolo limawonjezera kauntala pa kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zovomerezeka.
- Dongosolo limawonetsa fomu yololeza kwa kasitomala.
- Wogula amalowetsa imelo yake ndi mawu achinsinsi.
- Dongosolo limatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa kasitomala ndi imelo yotere mu dongosolo komanso kuti mawu achinsinsi amafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zolowera ku akauntiyi sikudutsa molingana ndi "Chilamulo Chachitetezo No. 24".
- Dongosolo limavomereza kasitomala, limawonjezera mbiri yosakatula ndi dengu la gawoli ndi gawo lomaliza la akaunti yamakasitomala.
- Dongosololi likuwonetsa uthenga wachilolezo ndikusunthira ku sitepe ya script pomwe kasitomala adasokonezedwa kuti avomerezedwe. Pankhaniyi, zomwe zili patsamba zimatsitsidwanso poganizira za akaunti yanu.
Zowonjezera:
2.a. Wofuna chithandizo ndiwololedwa kale:
2.a.1. Dongosolo limadziwitsa kasitomala za zomwe zavomerezedwa kale ndipo limapereka kusokoneza script kapena kupita ku sitepe 4, ndipo ngati sitepe 6 ikamalizidwa bwino, ndiye kuti 7 ikuchitika momveka bwino:
2.a.7. Dongosolo limaletsa kasitomala pansi pa akaunti yakale, limavomereza kasitomala pansi pa akaunti yatsopano, pomwe mbiri yosakatula ndi ngolo ya gawo lolumikizana ili amakhalabe muakaunti yakale ndipo samasamutsira ku yatsopano. Kenako, pitani ku gawo 8.
2.b Chiwerengero cha zoyesayesa zololeza chadutsa malire malinga ndi "Security Rule No. 23":
2.b.1 Pitani ku gawo 4, captcha imawonetsedwanso pa fomu yololeza
2.b.6 Dongosolo limatsimikizira kulowa kolondola kwa captcha
2.b.6.1 Captcha idalowa molakwika:
2.b.6.1.1. dongosolo limawonjezera kuwerengera kwa zoyeserera zomwe sizinachite bwino za akauntiyi
2.b.6.1.2. dongosolo likuwonetsa uthenga wolephera ndikubwerera ku gawo 2
6.a. Palibe akaunti yomwe ili ndi imelo iyi yomwe idapezeka:
6.a.1 Dongosolo likuwonetsa uthenga wokhuza kulephera ndipo limapereka mwayi wosankha kupita ku gawo 2 kapena kupita ku "User Registration" ndikusunga imelo yomwe yalowetsedwa,
6.b. Mawu achinsinsi a akaunti yomwe ili ndi imeloyi sakufanana ndi yomwe yalembedwa:
6.b.1 Dongosolo limawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera zomwe sizinachite bwino kulowa muakauntiyi.
6.b.2 Dongosololi likuwonetsa uthenga wokhuza kulephera ndipo limapereka mwayi wosankha kupita ku zochitika za "Password Recovery" kapena kupita gawo 2.
6.c: Kauntala yoyesera kulowa muakauntiyi yapyola malire a "Security Rule No. 24."
6.c.1 Dongosolo likuwonetsa uthenga wokhudza kuletsa kulowa mu akaunti kwa mphindi X ndikupitilira sitepe 2.
Zabwino bwanji
Kuwunika kukwanira komanso kutsata zolinga, ndiye kuti, mutha kupereka zofunikira kwa katswiri wina kuti atsimikizire, kupanga zolakwika zochepa pakupanga zovuta.
Kugwira ntchito ndi dongosolo la bokosi lakuda kumakupatsani mwayi wolekanitsa chitukuko ndi kugwirizana ndi kasitomala zomwe zidzachitike zokha kuchokera ku njira zogwirira ntchito.
Ndi gawo la njira yowunikira, imodzi mwamagawo akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito. Zochitika za wogwiritsa ntchito zimatanthauzira njira zazikulu za kayendetsedwe kake, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ufulu wosankha kwa wopanga ndi kasitomala ndikuthandizira kuonjezera liwiro la chitukuko cha mapangidwe.
Ndine wokondwa kwambiri ndi malo omwe akufotokozedwa pomwe zopatula pagawo lililonse lolumikizana zimadziwika. Dongosolo lathunthu la IT liyenera kupereka njira zina zogwirira ntchito, zina pamanja, zina zokha (monga momwe ziliri pamwambapa).
Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti kusaganizira molakwika kungathe kusinthiratu dongosolo kukhala lovuta kwambiri. Ndikukumbukira nkhani yomwe mu nthawi za Soviet, kuti mupeze chisankho, munayenera kupeza zilolezo zingapo kuchokera ku mautumiki osiyanasiyana, ndipo zimakhala zowawa bwanji pamene utumiki womaliza umati - koma ntchito yanu ili mu dzina lolakwika kapena zolakwika zina mu zopumira, chitaninso chilichonse ndikugwirizanitsanso chilichonse.
Nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi zochitika zomwe machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito omwe sanaganizidwe kupatulapo amafunikira kukonzanso kwakukulu kwadongosolo. Chifukwa cha izi, gawo la mkango la ntchito ya wowunikira limagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira mwapadera.
Kulemba malemba, mosiyana ndi zojambula, kumapangitsa kuti zosiyana zambiri zidziwike ndikuphimba.
Kuwonjezera pa njira yopangira
Kugwiritsa ntchito si gawo lodziyimira pawokha la mawuwo, mosiyana ndi nkhani ya ogwiritsa ntchito.
M'chitsanzo chomwe chili pamwambapa, lingalirani "6.a. Palibe akaunti yokhala ndi imeloyi yomwe idapezeka. β ndi sitepe yotsatira "6.a.1 Dongosolo likuwonetsa uthenga wolephera ndikupitilira sitepe 2." Kodi ndi zinthu zoipa ziti zimene zinasiyidwa? Kwa kasitomala, kubweza kulikonse kuli ngati kuti ntchito yonse yomwe adachita polowetsa deta imaponyedwa m'malo otayirapo. (Sizikuwoneka m'malemba!) Kodi chingachitidwe chiyani? Manganinso script kuti izi zisachitike. Kodi ndizotheka kuchita izi? Mukhoza - mwachitsanzo, yang'anani zolemba zovomerezeka za Google.
Kukhathamiritsa kwa zochitika
Bukuli likunena za kukhazikitsidwa, koma silinena pang'ono za njira zokwaniritsira izi.
Koma ndizotheka kulimbikitsa njirayo mwa kukhathamiritsa zochitika, ndipo njira yogwiritsira ntchito njira yogwiritsira ntchito imalola kuti izi zitheke. Makamaka, muyenera kuganizira chilichonse chomwe chimachitika, kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa, ndikumanganso script kuti muchotse zomwezo kapena kuchepetsa ulendo wamakasitomala.
Mukamayitanitsa kuchokera kusitolo yapaintaneti, muyenera kulowa mumzinda wotumizira. Zitha kupezeka kuti sitoloyo siyingabweretse katundu kumzinda wosankhidwa ndi kasitomala chifukwa sapereka kumeneko, chifukwa cha zoletsa kukula, kapena chifukwa cha kusowa kwa katundu m'malo osungiramo zinthu.
Ngati tingofotokozera zochitika za kuyanjana pa siteji yolembetsa, tikhoza kulemba "kudziwitsa kasitomala kuti kutumiza sikutheka ndikupereka kusintha mzinda kapena zomwe zili m'ngolo" (ndipo akatswiri ambiri a novice amasiya pamenepo). Koma ngati pali zambiri zamilandu yotere, ndiye kuti zochitikazo zitha kuwongoleredwa.
Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita ndikukulolani kuti musankhe mzinda wokha womwe tingatumizire. Ndi liti kuchita izi? Musanasankhe chinthu patsamba la webusayiti (kudzizindikiritsa kwa mzindawu kudzera pa IP momveka bwino).
Chachiwiri, tikuyenera kupereka chisankho chokha cha katundu omwe titha kupereka kwa kasitomala. Ndi liti kuchita izi? Panthawi yosankhidwa - pa tile ya mankhwala ndi khadi la mankhwala.
Zosintha ziwirizi zimapita kutali kuti zithetse izi.
Zofunikira pamiyezo ndi ma metrics
Poganizira ntchito yochepetsera kugwiriridwa, mutha kukhazikitsa ntchito yofotokozera (zogwiritsa ntchito sizinafotokozedwe). Ndi zingati zomwe zidalipo, pazochitika zomwe zidachitika, komanso kuchuluka kwa zochitika zomwe zikubwera zidadutsa bwino.
Koma tsoka! Zochitika zawonetsa kuti zofunikira zoperekera malipoti pazochitika mu fomu iyi sizokwanira; m'pofunika kuganizira zofunikira zochitira lipoti pamachitidwe omwe amafotokozedwa makamaka osati ngati kagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kupeza Kugwiritsa Ntchito
M'machitidwe athu, takulitsa mawonekedwe ofotokozera momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi kufotokozera zamagulu ndi deta kuti kasitomala apange chisankho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuti tigwiritse ntchito, tawonjezera gawo lolowera - chiwonetsero cha data.
Muzochitika zomwe zili ndi chilolezo, izi ndizoti kasitomala amaloledwa mu dongosolo. Ngati kasitomala adaloledwa kale, ndiye sonyezani chenjezo losintha mbiri yoyenda ndi ngolo kupita ku akaunti yatsopano mutavomerezedwa bwino.
Nthawi zambiri, ichi ndi chiwonetsero chazidziwitso zofunikira kwa kasitomala kuti athe kupanga chisankho pazotsatira zake molingana ndi zomwe zikuchitika (mutha kufunsa ngati izi ndi zokwanira kwa kasitomala, ndi zina ziti zomwe zikufunika, zomwe zimapanga. wofuna chithandizo ayenera kupanga zisankho).
Ndikoyeneranso kugawa zomwe zalowa m'magawo olowera ngati zikukonzedwa padera komanso kupanga zosiyana.
Muchitsanzo ndi chilolezo cha kasitomala, ngati mutalekanitsa zomwe mwalowa ndikulowetsamo ndi mawu achinsinsi, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusintha malemba ovomerezeka kuti muwonetsere magawo olowetsamo malo osiyana ndi mawu achinsinsi (ndipo izi zimachitika ku Yandex, Google, koma sizichitika m'masitolo ambiri apaintaneti).
Kufikira kusintha kwa data komwe kumafunikira
Mukhozanso kuchotsa zofunikira pakusintha ma aligorivimu kuchokera pa script.
zitsanzo:
- Kuti apange chisankho chogula chinthu mu sitolo yapaintaneti, kasitomala ayenera kudziwa pa khadi lazinthu zomwe zingatheke, mtengo, nthawi yobweretsera mankhwalawa ku mzinda wake (omwe amawerengedwa ndi algorithm kutengera kupezeka kwa chinthucho malo osungiramo katundu ndi magawo operekera katundu).
- Mukalowetsa mawu pamzere wofufuzira, kasitomala amawonetsedwa malingaliro osakira molingana ndi algorithm (yomwe imapangidwa ndi algorithm...).
Chiwerengero
Kawirikawiri, mutawerenga bukhuli, mwatsoka, sizikudziwika bwino momwe mungayendere kuchokera kwa katswiri kupita ku zovuta zamalonda kupita ku ndondomeko yaukadaulo yokhazikika kwa wopanga. Bukhuli limafotokoza gawo lokha la ndondomekoyi, ndi masitepe olowetsamo osamveka bwino ndipo masitepe otsatirawa sakudziwika bwino. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri sizikhala mawu athunthu kwa wopanga.
Komabe, iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokhazikitsira ndikukonza zochitika za kuyanjana pakati pa chinthu ndi phunziro, pamene kuyanjana kumayambitsa kusintha kwa chinachake pa phunzirolo. Ndi imodzi mwa njira zochepa zolembera zomwe zimalola kuti zitsimikizidwe zomwe zili ndi malo osakira.
Bukuli ndiloyenera kuwerengedwa kwa akatswiri kuti ayambe kulemba masewero oyesedwa.
Source: www.habr.com