Matthew Butterick ndi a Joseph Saveri Law Firm apereka mlandu (PDF) motsutsana ndi omwe amapanga ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito muutumiki wa GitHub's Copilot. Otsutsa akuphatikiza Microsoft, GitHub ndi makampani omwe amayang'anira ntchito ya OpenAI, yomwe idapanga mtundu wa OpenAI Codex code generation womwe umakhala pansi pa GitHub Copilot. Zomwe zikuchitika zikuyesa kuphatikizira khothi kuti lidziwe zovomerezeka zopanga ntchito ngati GitHub Copilot ndikuwunika ngati ntchito zotere zikuphwanya ufulu wa opanga ena.
Zochita za otsutsawo zafanizidwa ndi kupanga mtundu watsopano wa piracy wa mapulogalamu, pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa code yomwe ilipo pogwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira makina ndi kuwalola kuti apindule ndi ntchito za anthu ena. Kupangidwa kwa Copilot kumawonekanso ngati kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yatsopano yopangira ndalama pantchito ya opanga mapulogalamu otseguka, ngakhale GitHub idalonjeza kale kuti sadzachita izi.
Zomwe otsutsawo amatsutsa zimachokera ku mfundo yakuti zotsatira za kupanga ma code pogwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira malemba omwe amapezeka pagulu sizingatanthauzidwe ngati ntchito yatsopano komanso yodziimira payekha, chifukwa ndi zotsatira za ma algorithms kukonza ma code omwe alipo kale. Malinga ndi odandaulawo, Copilot amangopanganso kachidindo kamene kamakhala ndi kachidindo kamene kaliko m'malo osungira anthu, ndipo zosokoneza zoterezi sizikugwera pansi pa ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito mwachilungamo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kaphatikizidwe ka code mu GitHub Copilot amaganiziridwa ndi odandaula monga kupanga ntchito yochokera ku code yomwe ilipo, yogawidwa pansi pa zilolezo zina ndikukhala ndi olemba enieni.
Makamaka, pophunzitsa kachitidwe ka Copilot, malamulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amagawidwa pansi pa zilolezo zotseguka, nthawi zambiri zimafuna chidziwitso cha wolemba (chidziwitso). Chofunikirachi sichimakwaniritsidwa popanga khodi yomwe ikubwera, zomwe ndi kuphwanya kowonekera kwa zilolezo zambiri zotseguka monga GPL, MIT ndi Apache. Kuphatikiza apo, Copilot amaphwanya malamulo a GitHub ndi zinsinsi zake, satsatira DMCA, yomwe imaletsa kuchotsedwa kwa chidziwitso chaumwini, ndi CCPA (California Consumer Privacy Act), yomwe imayang'anira kasamalidwe ka data yamunthu.
Zolemba za mlanduwu zimapereka chiΕ΅erengero choyerekeza cha kuwonongeka kwa anthu ammudzi chifukwa cha ntchito za Copilot. Motsatira Gawo 1202 la Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), zowononga zochepa ndi $2500 pakuphwanya. Poganizira kuti ntchito ya Copilot ili ndi ogwiritsa ntchito 1.2 miliyoni ndipo nthawi iliyonse yomwe ntchitoyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphwanya katatu kwa DMCA kumachitika (zambiri, zokopera ndi ziphaso), kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwathunthu kumayerekezedwa ndi madola 9 biliyoni (1200000 * 3). $2500).
Bungwe loona za ufulu wa anthu la Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC), lomwe lidadzudzulapo GitHub ndi Copilot, lidathirira ndemanga pamlanduwu ndi lingaliro loti asapatuke pa imodzi mwa mfundo zomwe zidanenedwa kale poteteza zofuna za anthu ammudzi - " osaika patsogolo phindu lazachuma.β Malinga ndi SFC, zochita za Copilot ndizosavomerezeka makamaka chifukwa zimasokoneza makina a copyleft, omwe cholinga chake ndi kupereka ufulu wofanana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, omanga ndi ogula. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Copilot zimagawidwa pansi pa ziphaso zokopera, monga GPL, zomwe zimafuna kuti code of derivative works igawidwe pansi pa layisensi yogwirizana. Mwa kuyika ma code omwe alipo monga momwe Copilot akunenera, opanga akhoza kuphwanya layisensi ya polojekiti yomwe codeyo idabwerekedwa mosadziwa.
Tikumbukire kuti m'chilimwe GitHub idakhazikitsa ntchito yatsopano yamalonda, GitHub Copilot, wophunzitsidwa pamawu angapo omwe adayikidwa m'malo osungira anthu a GitHub, komanso wokhoza kupanga mapangidwe okhazikika polemba ma code. Utumikiwu ukhoza kupanga ma code ovuta kwambiri komanso akuluakulu, mpaka ntchito zokonzeka zomwe zingathe kubwereza malemba kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zilipo kale. Malinga ndi GitHub, makinawa amayesa kukonzanso kapangidwe ka kachidindo m'malo motengera kachidindo komweko, komabe, pafupifupi 1% yamilandu, malingaliro omwe aperekedwawo angaphatikizepo zidule zamapulojekiti omwe alipo omwe amakhala opitilira zilembo za 150. Pofuna kupewa kulowetsedwa kwa code yomwe ilipo, Copilot ali ndi fyuluta yomangidwa yomwe imayang'ana mphambano ndi mapulojekiti omwe ali pa GitHub, koma fyulutayi imatsegulidwa mwakufuna kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Masiku awiri mlanduwo usanaperekedwe, GitHub adalengeza cholinga chake chokhazikitsa gawo mu 2023 lomwe lingalole kutsata ubale pakati pa zidutswa zomwe zidapangidwa mu Copilot ndi ma code omwe alipo m'malo osungira. Madivelopa azitha kuwona mndandanda wamakhodi ofanana omwe alipo kale m'malo osungira anthu, komanso kusanja mphambano ndi layisensi ya code ndi nthawi yosinthidwa.
Source: opennet.ru